Article
Environmental Sciences
Willem W. Verstraeten, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Lucie Hoebeke, Nicolas Bruffaerts, Mikhail Sofiev, Andy W. Delcloo
Summary: Biogenic aerosols such as airborne grass pollen have a significant impact on public health, especially for individuals with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. This study in Belgium uses the Chemistry Transport Model SILAM to model spatiotemporal airborne grass pollen levels, optimizing the start and end of the grass pollen season, and introducing temporal scaling of inter-seasonal pollen amounts to improve model performance. Incorporating more detailed grass pollen sources and dynamic pollen season dates could further enhance the model.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nima P. Saadat, Tim Nies, Marvin van Aalst, Brandon Hank, Busra Demirtas, Oliver Ebenhoeh, Anna Matuszynska
Summary: This study focuses on the central role of Photosystem I (PSI) in supplying energy and regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the course of photosynthesis. Through computational modeling, the researchers predict flux distributions through alternative electron pathways under various environmental stress conditions and investigate the impact of these stressors on PSI activity and metabolic productivity.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yves T. Prairie, Sara Mercier-Blais, John A. Harrison, Cynthia Soued, Paul del Giorgio, Atle Harby, Jukka Alm, Vincent Chanudet, Roy Nahas
Summary: Human-made reservoirs are significant sources of greenhouse gases, but estimating their emissions has been challenging. The G-res Tool provides a unique modelling framework to accurately estimate the net carbon footprint of reservoirs globally, predicting emissions changes over time while accounting for natural GHG pathways in aquatic networks.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mitsutoshi Kitao, Yukio Yasuda, Eiji Kodani, Hisanori Harayama, Yoshio Awaya, Masabumi Komatsu, Kenichi Yazaki, Hiroyuki Tobita, Evgenios Agathokleous
Summary: The Electron transport rate (ETR) is used as an indicator of photosynthetic activity but does not linearly correlate with the net photosynthetic CO2 assimilation rate (A) under changing environmental conditions. A practical approach to estimate A based on ETR, stomatal conductance (g(s)), and leaf temperature, taking into account intercellular CO2 concentration (C-i) and temperature-dependent electron partitioning, showed good agreement with measured A in various conditions. This approach can also be used to estimate canopy-level CO2 uptake in different environmental conditions without requiring biochemical information.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jose M. Ortega, Mercedes Roncel
Summary: The afterglow photosynthetic luminescence, known as AG emission, is a long-lived chlorophyll fluorescence emitted from PSII. It can be recorded by TL technique and used to study the energetic state and metabolism processes of the chloroplast, as well as the impact of various stress conditions on photosynthetic materials.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2021)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Braud, K. McDonnell, F. Murphy
Summary: Recent advances in algal biotechnology and bioprocess engineering have utilized techno-economic and life cycle assessment (LCA) methodologies to develop cost-effective and sustainable algae-based products. This study investigates mitigation strategies such as considering multiple products, carbon capture and nutrient uptake, and recirculation loops in algae systems. The results show that these strategies can help reduce environmental impacts and avoid greenhouse gas emissions.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Ginga Shimakawa
Summary: This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of electron transport in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes to enhance our understanding of the complexity of cyanobacterial electron transport. Cyanobacteria are the simplest oxygenic phototrophs structurally, but the regulation of their photosynthesis is challenging due to the shared thylakoid membranes and cytosolic space for photosynthetic and respiratory processes. The review aims to summarize the molecular mechanisms and in vivo activities of electron transport in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes based on the latest research progress in photosynthesis.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shugao Fan, Erick Amombo, Sheila Avoga, Yating Li, Yanling Yin
Summary: In this study, the authors used RNA sequencing to analyze miRNAs in bermudagrass genotypes with contrasting salt tolerance. They found that 536 miRNA variants were salt-inducible, with the majority being downregulated in salt-tolerant varieties. They also discovered that miRNA171f targeted genes involved in photosynthesis and improved photosynthetic performance and dry matter accumulation under saline conditions. This study has important implications for breeding crops with enhanced salt tolerance and photosynthetic capacity.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Cherq Chua, Yee Sin Ang, Lay Kee Ang
Summary: This paper investigates the current transport in a biased trap-filled insulator, analyzing the effects of Schottky barrier at the metal-insulator junction and developing a correct IV characteristics calculation model. The findings highlight the interplay between various transport mechanisms, providing important insights for studying current transport in novel insulators.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pierre Fevrier, Julien Basset, Jerome Esteve, Marco Aprili, Julien Gabelli
Summary: By measuring the photon-assisted current in a planar tunnel junction under infrared illumination, the authors found that optical rectification results from the tunneling Seebeck effect and heating, rather than the exchange of energy quanta between electrons and photons as previously hypothesized.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gustaf E. Degen, Federica Pastorelli, Matthew P. Johnson
Summary: The production and consumption of ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis need to be carefully regulated. The PGR5 protein plays an important role in suppressing photosynthetic oscillations, and its absence leads to increased oscillatory behavior in Arabidopsis mutants.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Brian T. Dinkelacker, Spyros N. Pandis
Summary: Developing a parameterization for biogenic SOA formation as a result of aging using recent laboratory results, the study applied this parameterization in PMCAMx over the eastern United States to simulate summertime conditions. The predictions showed modest increases in predicted domain average biogenic SOA, with alternative parameterization resulting in small increases. Model performance evaluation against measurements showed modest and mixed differences, consistent with the relatively small effect of the proposed parameterization on total organic aerosol levels.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julien Lamour, Kenneth J. Davidson, Kim S. Ely, Jeremiah A. Anderson, Alistair Rogers, Jin Wu, Shawn P. Serbin
Summary: Tropical forests are crucial carbon sinks on Earth, but the estimation of CO2 absorbed by tropical vegetation is still uncertain. This study used leaf reflectance spectroscopy and PLSR modeling to estimate photosynthetic traits across a wide range of tropical species, leaf ages, and light environments, showing good predictive performance for key traits like V-cmax25 and J(max25). The application of spectroscopy can enhance tropical plant trait studies and improve the parameterization of TBMs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hui Ren, Renhua Huang, Ying Li, Wanting Li, Liuliu Zheng, Yanbao Lei, Ke Chen
Summary: This study investigated the regulation mechanism of moss photosynthesis under strontium pollution. The results showed that moderate and high levels of Sr2+ stress triggered oxidative stress responses and photo-damage, while low levels of Sr2+ stress resulted in photosynthetic acclimation. These regulation mechanisms mainly involve the regulation of reactive oxygen species, activation of photo-inhibition and photo-protective mechanisms in photosystem I and photosystem II, as well as adjustments in flavodiiron proteins and cyclic electron flow.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Tingting Tan, Shenglan Li, Yuanfang Fan, Zhonglin Wang, Muhammad Ali Raza, Iram Shafiq, Beibei Wang, Xiaoling Wu, Taiwen Yong, Xiaochun Wang, Yushan Wu, Feng Yang, Wenyu Yang
Summary: This review discusses the impact of far-red light on plants, including the adjustment of photosynthetic electron transport and the path of light energy to improve plant photosynthetic capacity, as well as the regulation of leaf angle, plant height, and leaf area to capture more light energy.
Article
Plant Sciences
Peijian Shi, Lin Wang, Ulo Niinemets, Yabing Jiao, Karl J. J. Niklas
Summary: Stomatal density (SD) is important to photosynthetic rates, but measuring SD is time-consuming. This study provides a method for estimating SD based on the scaling relationship between SD and mean nearest neighbour distance (MNND) of sampled stomatal centres. The study found significant interspecific and within-leaf variability in SD, and validated the inverse scaling relationship between SD and MNND at species and family levels. Using MNND as a rapidly estimated trait simplifies and expedites the estimation of SD.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leeya Pressburger, Kalyn Dorheim, Trevor F. Keenan, Haewon McJeon, Steven J. Smith, Ben Bond-Lamberty
Summary: The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations caused by human activity is at its highest level in the last 2 million years, leading to significant impacts on the Earth system. However, the understanding of the magnitude and future dynamics of land and ocean carbon sinks is limited, resulting in poor constraints on the amount of fossil fuel emissions remaining in the atmosphere. This study aims to quantify the sources and controls of atmospheric CO2, track the fate of anthropogenic CO2, and investigate the trend in the airborne fraction. Through modeling and analysis, it is found that the majority of model runs exhibit a negative trend in the airborne fraction, indicating that land and ocean sinks are absorbing more carbon than the atmosphere. The study also highlights the potential influence of Earth system feedbacks, with a peak of over 90% of atmospheric CO2 derived from anthropogenic sources. Additionally, only a quarter of anthropogenic fossil fuel emissions end up in the atmosphere, while more than half are absorbed by the land sink over a century timescale.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yandong Song, Chunju Peng, Qinjiao Wu, Shijie Tao, Tingting Mei, Zhihong Sun, Zhaojiang Zuo, Chunyu Pan, Yufeng Zhou, Guomo Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the photosynthetic and isoprene emission characteristics of Moso bamboo at different culm ages. The results showed that the effect of culm age on isoprene emission was different from that on photosynthesis, indicating that the isoprene emission rate was higher in old bamboo compared to mature bamboo. Therefore, considering culm age is important when establishing an isoprene emission model of Moso bamboo, and attention should be paid to the management of bamboo age structure and timely felling of aged bamboo to reduce environmental risk.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zeping Qiu, Yingze Fan, Zhiyan Wang, Fanyi Huang, Zhuojin Li, Zhihong Sun, Sha Hua, Wei Jin, Yanjia Chen
Summary: This study found that catestatin has a protective effect on cardiac function in HFpEF by inhibiting reactive oxygen species generation from mitochondrial electron transport chain. The serum concentration of catestatin is elevated in patients with HFpEF, probably as a relatively insufficient but self-compensatory mechanism.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Limin Tan, Yuyue Xi, Chengyu Zhou, Yetong Xu, Jiaman Pang, Xie Peng, Zhiru Tang, Weizhong Sun, Zhihong Sun
Summary: This study examined the antibacterial effects of ZnO, AMPs, and TA. The results showed that AMPs increased nutrient digestibility and TA improved dry and organic matter digestibility. In addition, AMPs and TA were found to reduce the incidence of diarrhea, enhance immunity, and increase the abundance of beneficial intestinal bacteria in weaned piglets.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Caiyun You, Qingqing Xu, Jinchao Chen, Yetong Xu, Jiaman Pang, Xie Peng, Zhiru Tang, Weizhong Sun, Zhihong Sun
Summary: Supplementing sows with different combinations of fatty acids improves the growth performance, immune function, antioxidant capability, and intestinal health of suckling piglets, while reducing the incidence of diarrhea. The combinations of fatty acids also affect the composition of gut microbiota in piglets.
Article
Ecology
Wu Sun, Xiangzhong Luo, Yuanyuan Fang, Yoichi P. Shiga, Yao Zhang, Joshua B. Fisher, Trevor F. Keenan, Anna M. Michalak
Summary: The study finds that the temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration at continent and biome scale in North America is lower than previous plot-level studies have estimated. By using atmospheric CO2 concentration observations and carbon flux estimates, this study characterizes the temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration at various North American biomes. The results indicate lower temperature sensitivities compared to plot-scale studies, suggesting the need for further research on the resilience of large-scale carbon sinks to warming.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Eve Runno-Paurson, Erkki Maeorg, Olavi Kurina, Erki Ounap, Astrid Kannaste, Ulo Niinemets, Peeter Laaniste
Summary: Industrial hemp cultivation in Estonia is facing widespread crop pest threats, especially from European corn borer. Fertilization rates significantly affect the growth and yield of hemp, but have a weak impact on pest control. Integrated pest management practices adapted to specific agro-climatic conditions are needed for hemp cultivation.
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Kevin R. Wilcox, Anping Chen, Meghan L. Avolio, Ethan E. Butler, Scott Collins, Rosie Fisher, Trevor Keenan, Nancy Y. Kiang, Alan K. Knapp, Sally E. Koerner, Lara Kueppers, Guopeng Liang, Eva Lieungh, Michael Loik, Yiqi Luo, Ben Poulter, Peter Reich, Katherine Renwick, Melinda D. Smith, Anthony Walker, Ensheng Weng, Kimberly J. Komatsu
Summary: This article discusses the shortcomings of herbaceous plant community representation in predictive models, pointing out that the model representation of grassland and herbaceous ecosystems lags behind tree communities and forests. The article identifies two important knowledge gaps: incomplete understanding of the principles governing herbaceous vegetation dynamics and limitations in the current model structure and parameterization of grass and other herbaceous plant functional types. The article provides directions for improving the representation of herbaceous communities within models through empirical research and model improvements.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Sophie Ruehr, Trevor F. Keenan, Christopher Williams, Yu Zhou, Xinchen Lu, Ana Bastos, Josep G. Canadell, Iain Colin Prentice, Stephen Sitch, Cesar Terrer
Summary: This article investigates the storage and growth of carbon in the terrestrial biosphere, highlighting the importance of understanding the processes driving the carbon sink for mitigating climate change. The article suggests that continued carbon sequestration is possible through nature-based climate solutions and appropriate ecosystem management.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anskje Van Mensel, Karen Wuyts, Pedro Pinho, Babette Muyshondt, Cristiana Aleixo, Marta Alos Orti, Joan Casanelles-Abella, Francois Chiron, Tiit Hallikma, Lauri Laanisto, Marco Moretti, Uelo Niinemets, Piotr Tryjanowski, Roeland Samson
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of magnetic analysis of urban tree trunk bark to discriminate between particulate matter (PM) exposure levels and investigated the variation in bark magnetic properties at different spatial scales. The results showed that the bark magnetic properties could well reflect the PM exposure levels at both city and local scales, and the values increased with tree circumferences and on the side of the trunk facing the prevailing wind direction. Significant relationships between magnetic properties of different genera were also found, indicating the possibility of combining data from different genera to improve sampling resolution and coverage in biomagnetic studies.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Correction
Plant Sciences
Jose Angel Morales-Sanchez, Kristiina Mark, Joao Paulo S. Souza, Ulo Niinemets
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Nicola Pavanetto, Carlos P. Carmona, Lauri Laanisto, Ulo Niinemets, Giacomo Puglielli
Summary: This study examines the tolerance of woody plants to different abiotic stressors and explores the relationship between plant form and function dimensions and tolerance. The results indicate that drought-tolerant and cold/waterlogging-tolerant woody plants have distinct trait adaptations, while shade-tolerant woody plants also exhibit specific adaptations. These findings are important for understanding the constraints on polytolerance in woody plants.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Feng Hu, Pinhua Xie, Xin Tian, Jin Xu, Ang Li, Aurelia Lupascu, Tim Butler, Zhaokun Hu, Yinsheng Lv, Zhidong Zhang, Jiangyi Zheng
Summary: The Yangtze River Delta frequently experiences ozone pollution events, and the factors influencing these events include weather patterns and regional ozone transport. By studying ozone source attribution and analyzing weather patterns, the mechanisms and contributors have been uncovered. This research is significant for understanding the ozone transport mechanism in the Yangtze River Delta and optimizing measures for controlling heavy ozone pollution.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Astrid Kannaste, Liina Jurisoo, Eve Runno-Paurson, Eero Talts, Rein Drenkhan, Ulo Niinemets
Summary: Global warming affects the growth environment of plants and the spread of fungal diseases. The resistance of different Ulmus species to Dutch elm disease varies, and their responses to mechanical injury and pathogen inoculation also differ.