Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zongshuai Wang, Shuxin Li, Shulian Jian, Fan Ye, Tianya Wang, Lei Gong, Xiangnan Li
Summary: Increasing plastic consumption results in the accumulation of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in agricultural soil, negatively affecting plant growth and the stress tolerance of crops.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Agronomy
Giorgia Capasso, Giorgia Santini, Mariagioia Petraretti, Sergio Esposito, Simone Landi
Summary: Barley, a major crop globally, has been genetically improved for higher yields but weakened in resilience to adverse environments. Climate change demands crop varieties that can grow under stress conditions, where wild varieties and landraces may play a crucial role.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jonathan E. Cope, Gareth J. Norton, Timothy S. George, Adrian C. Newton
Summary: Climate change is causing increased salinity in soil, rising saline groundwater, and droughts, which lead to salinity stress in crops like barley. Landraces of barley, particularly Scottish Bere lines, show potential tolerance to salinity stress. The study analyzed 140 heritage cultivars and landrace lines of barley and found that most lines showed increased germination time and decreased shoot biomass and early root growth under salinity stress. Elite cultivars had a stronger response to salinity compared to landrace lines. One specific line, Bere 49 A 27 Shetland, showed high salinity tolerance in all experiments. Genome Wide Association Screening identified genomic regions associated with salinity tolerance. Promising candidate genes were identified within these regions. Further analysis and field trials are needed to identify targets for future breeding for salinity tolerance.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fanrong Zeng, Muhammad Mudassir Nazir, Temoor Ahmed, Muhammad Noman, Shafaqat Ali, Muhammad Rizwan, Mohammad Shah Alam, Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba, Guoping Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the effect of glutamate and calcium on arsenic toxicity and accumulation in barley seedlings. The results showed that calcium effectively alleviated arsenic toxicity by promoting nutrient uptake, reducing aboveground arsenic accumulation, and enhancing antioxidative defense capacity. However, glutamate considerably exacerbated arsenic toxicity and facilitated the root-to-shoot translocation of arsenic. These findings suggest that calcium and glutamate have opposite effects on managing arsenic, with calcium being beneficial for crop production and glutamate being useful for phytoremediation of arsenate-contaminated soils.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mekides Woldegiorgis Gardi, Waqas Ahmed Malik, Bettina I. G. Haussmann
Summary: This study found a significant positive effect of eCO2 on the growth, yield, and water-use efficiency of Ethiopian barley cultivars, particularly on grain number and grain yield. While some landraces showed better actual values, released cultivars benefited more from higher levels of CO2 in relative terms. The superior cultivars identified in this study could be valuable genetic resources for future barley breeding under future climate conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrey Blinov, Alexey Gvozdenko, Alexey Golik, Shahida A. Siddiqui, Fahrettin Goegues, Anastasiya Blinova, David Maglakelidze, Irina Shevchenko, Maksim Rebezov, Andrey Nagdalian
Summary: The aim of this research was to study the effect of MnxOy nanoparticles stabilized with L-methionine on the morphofunctional characteristics of barley crops. The MnxOy nanoparticles were synthesized using potassium permanganate and L-methionine, and were found to have a diameter of 15 to 30 nm. The interaction between the nanoparticles and L-methionine occurs through the amino group. The nanoparticles were found to have positive effects on root and seedling length, as well as seed germination energy.
Article
Plant Sciences
Svenja Oetke, Axel J. Scheidig, Karin Krupinska
Summary: WHIRLY1 proteins in barley and maize compact plastid nucleoids in Escherichia coli cells, while WHIRLY1 proteins in Arabidopsis and potato, as well as WHIRLY2 proteins, do not have the same impact. Mutagenesis of HvWHIRLY1 revealed that a specific motif is responsible for the nucleoid compacting activity in bacteria. This suggests that WHIRLY1 proteins in different plant species can have diverse functions in nucleoid compaction due to sequence variation.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Marina Brettraeger, Thomas Becker, Martina Gastl
Summary: A quantitative real-time PCR assay based on SYBR Green technology was established for the detection and quantification of black fungal species on brewing barley. The study found that Alternaria and Cladosporium spp. DNA were present in barley samples even without visible contamination. Molecular analysis showed a decrease in fungal biomass after malting. The qPCR method provides a highly sensitive and time-saving screening method for detecting latent fungal infections in brewing grains.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sebastian Zahn, Thomas Schmutzer, Klaus Pillen, Andreas Maurer
Summary: This study investigated the genetic control of barley peduncle morphology and identified three major QTL regions on chromosomes 2H and 3H impacting peduncle traits. The exotic allele at the QTL on chromosome 3H improved all three investigated traits, showing potential for enhancing plant stability and straw biomass production.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinxing Yang, Jie Chen, Yuan Ma, Minhua Huang, Ting Qiu, Hongwu Bian, Ning Han, Junhui Wang
Summary: Plant melatonin plays versatile roles in regulating plant growth and development through antioxidative, hormone crosstalk, and signaling mechanisms. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of barley melatonin biosynthesis genes and the effects of exogenous melatonin on barley growth and development. Understanding the function and regulation of barley melatonin can help enhance barley production, reduce pesticide usage, and improve the nutritional and healthcare values of barley in the food industry.
Article
Agronomy
Mekides Woldegiorgis Gardi, Bettina I. G. Haussmann, Waqas Ahmed Malik, Petra Hoegy
Summary: The meta-analysis showed that barley yield is significantly affected by eCO2, with responses varying based on genotype, temperature, nitrogen, and CO2 exposure methods. Higher responses in aboveground biomass and grain yield were observed under high nitrogen levels and optimal temperature conditions with eCO2.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Magdalena Kusiak, Malgorzata Sierocka, Michal Swieca, Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska, Mohamed Sheteiwy, Izabela Josko
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between plants and nano-Cu under Cu deficiency. Nano-Cu and CuSO4 were applied to Hordeum vulgare L. to examine their effects on plant leaves. The analysis of Cu compounds-plant leaves interactions was conducted using spectroscopic and microscopic methods. The effects of Cu compounds on plant traits were determined after 1 and 7 days of exposure. The results showed that nano-Cu had a lower Cu content compared to CuSO4, and the changes in biochemical traits were mostly observed after 1 day. CuSO4 exposure induced oxidative stress, while nano-Cu at 100 mg L-1 demonstrated enhanced stress tolerance. Overall, nano-Cu showed promising effects on plant health.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Imen Ayachi, Rim Ghabriche, Ameni ben Zineb, Mohsen Hanana, Chedly Abdelly, Tahar Ghnaya
Summary: The effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) on cadmium (Cd) tolerance, uptake, translocation, and compartmentation in barley was studied. NaCl did not significantly affect plant development and biomass production, but Cd alone reduced plant development rate and biomass production. NaCl addition accentuated the Cd effect on plant growth. NaCl limited Cd accumulation in the roots and shoots by reducing Cd-absorption efficiency and translocation. However, NaCl increased Cd toxicity and limited plant yield.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Waleed Amjad Khan, Sergey Shabala, Tracey Ann Cuin, Meixue Zhou, Beth Penrose
Summary: This study found that higher levels of zinc in the growth substrate lead to increased zinc concentrations in aboveground tissues and grains of barley, with significant differences in zinc concentrations observed between different cultivars. Zinc-efficient cultivars exhibited more efficient translocation and remobilisation of zinc. Selective breeding and optimal zinc fertilisation can help achieve target zinc concentrations in barley. Further exploration of major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and candidate genes related to desirable zinc phenotypes could enhance our understanding of zinc uptake mechanisms in barley.
Article
Plant Sciences
Le Xu, Haoran Gao, Jun Wu, Siyu Wang, Rui Pan, Wenying Zhang
Summary: The purpose of this study is to explain the reasons for the difference in seed dormancy between wild and cultivated barley. Results showed that wild barley exhibited deep dormancy when germinated at 28°C, which may be due to low water content, slow water absorption, lower soluble protein, MDA content and ion leakage. The deep dormancy of wild barley could be broken by 1°C through increasing antioxidative enzyme activity, elevating seed germination-promoting phytohormones (JA, TZ, TZR) and decreasing seed germination-inhibiting phytohormones (ABA, IAA, SA) in cultivated barley. The genetic variance in genes related to phytohormone metabolism and antioxidative enzymes between wild and cultivated barley may be responsible for the germination difference.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Izabela Matyszczak, Marta Tominska, Shakhira Zakhrabekova, Christoph Dockter, Mats Hansson
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
Natalie S. Betts, Christoph Dockter, Oliver Berkowitz, Helen M. Collins, Michelle Hooi, Qiongxian Lu, Rachel A. Burton, Vincent Bulone, Birgitte Skadhauge, James Whelan, Geoffrey B. Fincher
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
Rosa L. Lopez-Marques, Anton F. Noerrevang, Peter Ache, Max Moog, Davide Visintainer, Toni Wendt, Jeppe T. Osterberg, Christoph Dockter, Morten E. Jorgensen, Andres Torres Salvador, Rainer Hedrich, Caixia Gao, Sven-Erik Jacobsen, Sergey Shabala, Michael Palmgren
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
David Stuart, Malin Sandstrom, Helmy M. Youssef, Shakhira Zakhrabekova, Poul Erik Jensen, David W. Bollivar, Mats Hansson
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalie S. Betts, Helen M. Collins, Neil J. Shirley, Jose A. Cuesta-Seijo, Julian G. Schwerdt, Renee J. Phillips, Christine Finnie, Geoffrey B. Fincher, Christoph Dockter, Birgitte Skadhauge, Vincent Bulone
Summary: Arabinoxylans, cell wall polysaccharides, undergo re-modelling and degradation during plant development mediated by xylanolytic enzymes. Identified were twelve putative (1,4)-13-xylanase and six 13-xylosidase genes in barley, showing different domain structures and expression levels during growth and development. These findings contribute to understanding enzyme function and potential industrial applications involving cell wall degradation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Helen M. Collins, Natalie S. Betts, Christoph Dockter, Oliver Berkowitz, Ilka Braumann, Jose A. Cuesta-Seijo, Birgitte Skadhauge, James Whelan, Vincent Bulone, Geoffrey B. Fincher
Summary: Starch is synthesized in the developing endosperm of barley grain and is hydrolyzed into oligosaccharides and glucose for seedling growth. The mobilized glucose is temporarily stored in the scutellum of germinated grain. These processes are crucial for early seedling vigor, and the gene expression is spatio-temporally coordinated in different tissues of the grain.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qiongxian Lu, Christoph Dockter, Nick Sirijovski, Shakhira Zakhrabekova, Udda Lundqvist, Per L. Gregersen, Mats Hansson
Summary: The study revealed that mutations in the Ert-c and Ert-d genes cause changes in barley plant architecture, with mutant ert-d.7 carrying mutations in both ert-d and ert-c. Different levels of spike structural changes were observed in the mutants, and different genetic association patterns indicated distinct translocation breakpoints in these two mutants.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jackson Rapala, Brenda Miller, Maximiliano Garcia, Megan Dolan, Matthew Bockman, Mats Hansson, Daniel A. Russell, Rebecca A. Garlena, Steven G. Cresawn, Alexander B. Westbye, J. Thomas Beatty, Richard M. Alvey, David W. Bollivar
Summary: The diversity of bacteriophages is likely unparalleled due to the variety of hosts and viruses infecting them. Study of 26 new bacteriophages infecting Rhodobacter capsulatus aids in understanding bacteriophage diversity and origins.
Article
Plant Sciences
Per Snell, Mark Wilkinson, Gavin J. Taylor, Stephen Hall, Shrikant Sharma, Nick Sirijovski, Mats Hansson, Peter R. Shewry, Per Hofvander, Asa Grimberg
Summary: This study characterized grains and flours from field-grown transgenic wheat expressing AsWRI1 gene. The results showed that the developing caryopses of AsWRI1-wheat grains had increased triacylglycerol content and decreased starch content. Additionally, mature AsWRI1-wheat grains were lighter, wrinkled, and had a shrunken endosperm. The flour fractions from AsWRI1-wheat were contaminated with bran due to the effects of the changed morphology on milling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed A. Sayed, Andreas Maurer, Thomas Schmutzer, Thorsten Schnurbusch, Andreas Boerner, Mats Hansson, Klaus Pillen, Helmy M. Youssef
Summary: Increased salinity due to climatic change is a major factor affecting global crop production. This study identified SNP markers associated with germination and seedling development in barley under salinity treatment, as well as identified salt-tolerant accessions. The results provide a basis for improving salt tolerance breeding programs in barley.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Soren Knudsen, Toni Wendt, Christoph Dockter, Hanne Cecilie Thomsen, Magnus Rasmussen, Morten Egevang Jorgensen, Qiongxian Lu, Cynthia Voss, Emiko Murozuka, Jeppe Thulin Osterberg, Jesper Harholt, Ilka Braumann, Jose A. Cuesta-Seijo, Sandip M. Kale, Sabrina Bodevin, Lise Tang Petersen, Massimiliano Carciofi, Pai Rosager Pedas, Jeppe Opstrup Husum, Martin Toft Simmelsgaard Nielsen, Kasper Nielsen, Mikkel K. Jensen, Lillian Ambus Moller, Zoran Gojkovic, Alexander Striebeck, Klaus Lengeler, Ross T. Fennessy, Michael Katz, Rosa Garcia Sanchez, Natalia Solodovnikova, Jochen Forster, Ole Olsen, Birger Lindberg Moller, Geoffrey B. Fincher, Birgitte Skadhauge
Summary: To meet future global food demands and counteract climate change, it is crucial to enhance agricultural and industrial production organisms. The FIND-IT resource allows for rapid identification and isolation of targeted genetic variants, enabling functional gene analysis and accelerating germplasm evolution.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kurt H. Kjaer, Mikkel Winther Pedersen, Bianca S. De Sanctis, Binia S. De Cahsan, Thorfinn S. K. Korneliussen, Christian S. Michelsen, Karina K. H. Sand, Stanislav Jelavic, Anthony H. K. Ruter, Astrid M. A. S. Schmidt, Kristian K. Kjeldsen, Alexey S. C. Tesakov, Ian G. Snowball, John C. Gosse, Inger G. Alsos, Yucheng Wang, Christoph E. Dockter, Magnus Rasmussen, Morten E. Jorgensen, Birgitte Skadhauge, Ana Prohaska, Jeppe A. Kristensen, Morten Bjerager, Morten E. Allentoft, Eric Coissac, Alexandra Rouillard, Alexandra Simakova, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Chris Bowler, Marc Macias-Fauria, Lasse Vinner, John J. Welch, Alan J. Hidy, Martin Sikora, Matthew J. Collins, Richard Durbin, Nicolaj K. Larsen, Eske Willerslev
Summary: Research reveals the existence of rich plant and animal communities in North Greenland two million years ago. The ancient community consisted of an open boreal forest with a variety of Arctic and boreal shrubs and herbs. Genetic analysis confirms the presence of ancestral species such as hares, mastodons, reindeer, rodents, and geese. The presence of marine organisms suggests a warmer climate than today. The findings open new possibilities for genetic research, demonstrating the use of ancient environmental DNA to track the ecology and evolution of biological communities from two million years ago.
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yucheng Wang, Ana Prohaska, Haoran Dong, Adriana Alberti, Inger Greve Alsos, David W. Beilman, Anders A. Bjork, Jialu Cao, Anna A. Cherezova, Eric Coissac, Bianca De Sanctis, France Denoeud, Christoph Dockter, Richard Durbin, Mary E. Edwards, Neil R. Edwards, Julie Esdale, Grigory B. Fedorov, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Duane G. Froese, Galina Gusarova, James Haile, Philip B. Holden, Kristian K. Kjeldsen, Kurt H. Kjaer, Thorfinn Sand Korneliussen, Youri Lammers, Nicolaj Krog Larsen, Ruairidh Macleod, Jan Mangerud, Hugh McColl, Marie Kristine Foreid Merkel, Daniel Money, Per Moller, David Nogues-Bravo, Ludovic Orlando, Hannah Lois Owens, Mikkel Winther Pedersen, Fernando Racimo, Carsten Rahbek, Jeffrey T. Rasic, Alexandra Rouillard, Anthony H. Ruter, Birgitte Skadhauge, John Inge Svendsen, Alexei Tikhonov, Lasse Vinner, Patrick Wincker, Yingchun Xing, Yubin Zhang, David J. Meltzer, Eske Willerslev
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rabab Mahdi, David Stuart, Mats Hansson, Helmy M. Youssef