Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
S. Teng, Y. Wu, R. Guo, Z. Yao, X. Tao
Summary: This study reports the first observation of quasi-periodic ECH waves with frequency chirping at Saturn using Cassini data, suggesting that frequency chirping of ECH waves could be observed at other planetary magnetospheres and providing insights into the fundamental mechanisms of frequency chirping of various plasma waves.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Katsumi Ida, Tatsuya Kobayashi, Mikirou Yoshinuma, Kenichi Nagaoka, Kunihiro Ogawa, Tokihiko Tokuzawa, Hideo Nuga, Yuto Katoh
Summary: Landau damping and transit-time damping were studied in a plasma system, showing that energy transfer is mass-dependent. The observation of bipolar velocity-space signature in the ion velocity distribution function confirmed the Landau and transit-time damping.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yan Wang, Yilong Li, Kaijun Liu, Weibin Song, Ying Xiong, Fei Yao
Summary: Using a convolutional neural network (CNN), researches successfully identify electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) rising-tone emissions with 99.3% accuracy. The statistical analysis reveals that these wave events occur on average with a rate of 0.016% and are more common in the forenoon to dusk sector at L > 5. Additionally, events are observed at L < 5 scattered across almost all magnetic local times. Amplitudes in the hydrogen and helium bands are comparable, but larger amplitudes tend to occur around noon and in the afternoon sector in the hydrogen and helium bands, respectively.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Vitorio A. De Lorenci
Summary: This paper revisits a method for calculating the phase velocities and polarization vectors of light rays in nonlinear optical materials and applies it to the study of wave propagation in second-order magnetoelectric media. The birefringence effect is shown to be a useful tool for obtaining the second-order magnetoelectric coefficients of materials with isotropic linear sector. Some optical properties of nonlinear materials with a natural optic axis are also discussed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masafumi Shoji, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Lynn M. Kistler, Kazushi Asamura, Ayako Matsuoka, Yasumasa Kasaba, Shoya Matsuda, Yoshiya Kasahara, Iku Shinohara
Summary: A study using Arase data provides the first observational evidence that the frequency drift of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves is caused by cyclotron trapping. By analyzing wave data observed by Arase from March 2017 to September 2019, researchers found the best falling tone emission event and showed direct evidence of the formation of a proton hill.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miguel Onorato, Luigi Cavaleri, Stephane Randoux, Pierre Suret, Maria Isabel Ruiz, Marta de Alfonso, Alvise Benetazzo
Summary: An impressive and unique wave packet was measured in the Bay of Biscay in the North-East of the Atlantic Ocean, with a spatial extension of over 1 km and the tallest wave reaching 27.8 m, characterized by a non trivial nonlinear content.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhaofeng Wu, Peiguo Liu, Mingtuan Lin, Song Zha, Xiaocheng Ni
Summary: This paper proposes a nonlinear metamaterial (NLMM) concept based on the integration of metamaterial structures and a semiconductor on the same wafer, which exhibits nonlinear behavior to the electromagnetic field energy in the microwave band. The designed NLMM is transparent to low-density electromagnetic radiation fields, while it adaptively becomes opaque to high-density electromagnetic radiation fields. Two types of NLMM are designed to verify the nonlinear characteristics of ultrawide and narrow bands in the microwave band, respectively. The concept of NLMM can be used for the application of the microwave frequency band in electromagnetic protection and detection.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zeeshan Iqbal, H. A. Shah, M. N. S. Qureshi, W. Masood, Amna Fayyaz
Summary: The propagation of nonlinear coupled drift ion acoustic shock wave in an electron-positron-ion plasma is investigated in the presence of fully degenerate adiabatically trapped electrons. A novel complex nonlinear equation with fractional nonlinear terms is formulated and the phase plane theory of planar dynamical system is applied to study this equation. The results show the existence of a pair of shock structures, which is the most significant finding of this work.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Y. Cao, J. G. Leopold, Yu. P. Bliokh, G. Leibovitch, Ya. E. Krasik
Summary: The study found that a high power microwave pulse can be completely absorbed in a plasma-filled waveguide under specific conditions, leading to the conversion of electromagnetic energy into electron kinetic energy. This absorption mechanism only occurs under specific conditions and is related to the formation of a potential well in the waveguide.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Fraz Bashir, Raluca Ilie
Summary: Observations from past space missions have revealed the presence of N+ ions in the terrestrial magnetosphere, in addition to O+ ions, which could potentially lead to new pathways for particle energization, loss, and transport mechanisms based on altered magnetospheric plasma composition.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. Teng, De-Sheng Han, J. Liang, Q. Zhang, J. Sun, S. Wang, S. Zhou, Z. Wang, Y. Huang
Summary: This study provides important considerations regarding the overall development of different plasma waves, particle energization, precipitation dynamics, and the phenomena of DDA through investigating a specific case of dayside diffuse aurora.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Si-Jia Chen, Xing Lue
Summary: This paper focuses on the integrability of a (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation, deriving various integrable properties and constructing the general form of resonant soliton solutions. The discussion of resonant phenomena may contribute to understanding the propagation of nonlinear waves.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiuqi Ma, Xinliang Gao, Zhongwei Yang, Bruce T. Tsurutani, Mingzhe Liu, Quanming Lu, Shui Wang
Summary: Parker Solar Probe observed nonlinear wave-wave coupling related to whistler-mode or electron Bernstein waves in the near-Sun slow solar wind, identifying three types of plasma waves and noting that type iii waves have the highest occurrence rate.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Haotian Mao, Kathleen Weichman, Zheng Gong, Todd Ditmire, Hernan Quevedo, Alexey Arefiev
Summary: The study reveals that a magnetic field can halt the propagation of a high-energy ionization wave by causing energetic electrons to emit electromagnetic waves, resulting in an increase in electron loss.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jiangyue Han, Zhe Gao, S. K. Hansen
Summary: Parametric decay instabilities near the upper hybrid resonance layer are investigated using a 1D framework. The kinetic nonlinear dispersion relation of the instabilities is numerically calculated for parameters corresponding to electron cyclotron heating experiments at the ASDEX-U tokamak. The forward scattering processes driven by X-mode and linearly converted electron Bernstein waves (EBWs) lead to a primary instability where the pump waves decay into lower hybrid waves and sideband EBWs. A frequency shift of 930 MHz is observed for the sideband EBWs.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2023)
News Item
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
SuiYan Fu, QiuGang Zong
SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
QiuGang Zong, JiuTong Zhao, JianJun Liu, SuiYan Fu, WeiJie Sun, Hui Zhang, Guan Le, Robert Rankin, Yong Wei
Summary: This study presents evidence of geomagnetic storms in Mercury's magnetosphere based on observations made by the MESSENGER spacecraft. The results show that despite the significant differences in magnetic field strength, magnetosphere size, and process timescales compared to Earth, a bifurcated ring current can form in Mercury's magnetosphere and initiate magnetic storms under strong solar wind driving.
SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J-T Zhao, Q-G Zong, C. Yue, W-J Sun, H. Zhang, X-Z Zhou, G. Le, R. Rankin, J. A. Slavin, J. M. Raines, Y. Liu, Y. Wei
Summary: The observational evidence of Mercury's ring current is presented in this study by analyzing particle measurements from the MESSENGER spacecraft. The study validates the morphology of the ring current using test-particle simulation with Mercury's dynamic magnetospheric magnetic field model. It is found that the energy of the ring current during active times exceeds 5x10(10) J, suggesting the occurrence of magnetic storms on Mercury.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Z-Y Liu, Q-G Zong
Summary: This study utilized 6 years of Van Allen Probes (VAPs) data to conduct a statistical analysis of ionospheric oxygen outflows (IOOs) in Earth's inner magnetosphere. The results revealed the timing, location, and mechanism of IOOs. The majority of IOOs occurred in the nightside magnetosphere, with the highest occurrence rate observed at the L-shells corresponding to the auroral oval. The study also found that IOOs have a certain range in magnetic local time and L-shell. Further analysis showed that IOOs are associated with enhancements in the AE index, ultra-low-frequency waves, and magnetic field dipolarization. However, no systematic variations were found with the SYM-H index and solar wind parameters. Based on these observations, it is suggested that geomagnetic substorms and substorm-associated processes may be potential triggers of IOOs in the inner magnetosphere.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yu-Xuan Li, Chao Yue, Qianli Ma, Jianjun Liu, Qiu-Gang Zong, Xu-Zhi Zhou, Zejun Hu, Li Li, Jie Ren, Yong-Fu Wang, Ying Liu
Summary: This study examines the dynamics of ions and plasma waves after the impact of an interplanetary shock on the Earth's magnetosphere. The study found that the shock induced Ultra-Low Frequency (ULF) and electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves, and different energy protons showed different responses. The findings provide new insights into the cross-energy responses of ions and plasma waves in the inner magnetosphere to solar wind discontinuities.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chao Xiao, Fei He, Quanqi Shi, Wenlong Liu, Anmin Tian, Ruilong Guo, Chao Yue, Xuzhi Zhou, Yong Wei, I. Jonathan Rae, Alexander W. Degeling, Vassilis Angelopoulos, Emmanuel V. Masongsong, Ji Liu, Qiugang Zong, Suiyan Fu, Zuyin Pu, Xiaoxin Zhang, Tieyan Wang, Huizi Wang, Zhao Zhang
Summary: Multisatellite observations have shown that lunar tides affect Earth's oceans, geomagnetic field, and now it has been discovered that they also impact the plasmasphere. The study analyzed variations in the plasmasphere's boundary over the past four decades and found evidence of a lunar tide-induced signal. This signal has distinct diurnal and monthly periodicities, different from previously observed lunar tide effects in other regions.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yuguang Ye, Hong Zou, Yongfu Wang, Junfeng Qin, Weihong Shi, Jiqing Zou, Weiying Zhong, Qiugang Zong, Suiyan Fu
Summary: This article introduces a cross-type quasi-3D imaging electron spectrometer based on pinhole imaging technology. It can achieve high angular resolution and three-dimensional measurement of energetic electrons. The imaging unit is composed of five units, including a nine-pixel area array Si-PIN detector imaging unit in the middle and four three-pixel linear array Si-PIN detector imaging units placed in a cross-shape around it. Results demonstrate its good energy and directional detection characteristics, with an average angular resolution of less than 6 degrees.
SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Bin Li, Huigen Yang, Jicheng Sun, Zejun Hu, Jianjun Liu, Xiangcai Chen, Yongfu Wang, Jie Ren, Chao Yue, C. Philippe Escoubet, Qian Wang, Qiugang Zong
Summary: The ionosphere is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere caused by solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission and atmospheric photochemistry. Two different origins of ion outflows in the magnetospheric cusp region were observed: one from reflected solar wind particles and the other from ionospheric outflows passing through the low latitude boundary layer (LLBL/cusp) energized by downward Poynting flux. Cold ionospheric ions, similar to the reflected solar wind particles, can extend to high-latitude regions through magnetic field line convection. The study discusses the unique mechanisms of formation for these outflows, highlighting the additional acceleration effect of strong electric fields associated with solar wind particle precipitation in the LLBL/cusp.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
YuXuan Li, Chao Yue, Ying Liu, Qiu-Gang Zong, Hong Zou, YuGuang Ye
Summary: The Van Allen radiation belts, consisting of two electron belts, are a remarkable scientific discovery in the Earth magnetosphere. The dynamics of these belts have been analyzed for decades, and the recently-launched Van Allen Probes offer unprecedented opportunities to study the inner belt in greater detail. The data from this advanced mission have revealed the role of Cosmic Ray Albedo Neutron Decay (CRAND) in the formation of the inner belt, as well as energy-dependent variations and zebra stripe structures in the energy spectrum of the inner belt electrons. However, there are still unanswered questions that require further investigation. The launch of the Macau Science Satellite-1 mission is expected to provide advanced radiation belt data for a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of the inner electron radiation belt.
EARTH AND PLANETARY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yu-Guang Ye, Jia-Wei Li, Cong Huang, Hong Zou, Qiu-Gang Zong, Xiao-Xin Zhang, Jin-Song Wang, Ying Liu, Yong-Fu Wang, Xiang-Qian Yu, Wei-Hong Shi, Hong-Fei Chen, Ji-Qing Zou, Wei-Ying Zhong, Jia-Li Chen, Xiang-Hong Jia, Bo Wang, Si-Pei Shao
Summary: This paper introduces the Medium-Energy Electron Detector (MEED) on the Fengyun-3E satellite, which utilizes pin-hole imaging technology for medium-energy electron detection on low-orbit satellites. The MEED can measure electrons from 18 directions simultaneously in the energy range of 30-600 keV. It provides a new method to observe the low-orbit energetic electron radiation environment and contributes to the theoretical study of radiation belts and space weather research.
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ze-Fan Yin, Xu-Zhi Zhou, Wen Li, Xiao-Chen Shen, Robert Rankin, Ji Liu, Ze-Jun Hu, Jian-Jun Liu, Qiu-Gang Zong, Li Li, Yong-Fu Wang
Summary: In this study, the authors simulate the motion of electrons in a dipole magnetic field excited by poloidal mode waves to analyze ULF wave-induced precipitation. The results show that precipitation only occurs when electrons encounter a westward-directed wave electric field in the magnetosphere, resulting in cross-field energy enhancements and reduced mirror heights. The simulations also demonstrate longer duration electron precipitation at the drift-resonance energy. These findings improve our understanding of ULF wave-induced electron precipitation and provide a basis for comparison with observations.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Haobo Fu, Chao Yue, Q. -g. Zong, XuZhi Zhou, Yiqun Yu, Yuxuan Li, Jianjun Liu, Zejun Hu, Huigen Yang, Geoffrey D. Reeves, Harlan E. Spence, Andrew J. Gerrard, Matina Gkioulidou, Donald G. Mitchell
Summary: In this study, the effects of substorms on plasma pressure and current system in the inner magnetosphere were investigated based on statistical analysis of Van Allen Probes observations from 2012 to 2019. The results showed a significant increase in plasma pressure during intense substorms, leading to a geomagnetic depression of approximately 3 nT/hr. The contribution of <100 keV H+ ions to plasma pressure increased during substorms, especially at lower L-shells, while >10 keV O+ ions contributed more to plasma pressure as substorm intensity increased. Furthermore, the rise in plasma pressure was mainly observed from dusk to midnight, enhancing the asymmetric ring current and field-aligned currents connecting to the ionosphere in region II.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yan Zhuang, Chao Yue, Qiu-Gang Zong, Xu-Zhi Zhou, Haobo Fu, Donald. G. G. Mitchell, M. Gkioulidou, Matthew Cooper
Summary: In this study, the influence of dispersionless injections on Earth's ring current was analyzed based on the measurements of Van Allen Probes. It was found that proton injections mainly occurred in the pre-midnight sector, accompanied by helium and oxygen ions. The injections significantly enhanced ion energy densities and dawn-dusk electric fields, and caused a dip followed by gradual dipolarization of the magnetic fields. Moreover, particle anisotropies increased following ion injections, suggesting the generation of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. These statistical results indicate the significant contribution of ion injections during substorms to the ring current.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiang-Yu Wang, Qing-He Zhang, Chi Wang, Yong-Liang Zhang, Bin-Bin Tang, Zan-Yang Xing, Kjellmar Oksavik, Larry R. Lyons, Michael Lockwood, Qiu-Gang Zong, Guo-Jun Li, Jing Liu, Yu-Zhang Ma, Yong Wang
Summary: According to magnetohydrodynamic simulations and observations from DMSP and THEMIS, the open magnetic flux in the polar cap almost disappeared and the Earth's magnetotail was compressed into a calabash shape during the coronal mass ejection on April 9th, 2015. The study provides direct observations of the disappearance of open-flux polar cap characterized by merging poleward edges of a conjugate horse-collar aurora in both hemispheres' polar ionosphere. This phenomenon is caused by solar wind plasma captured by continuous dual-lobe magnetic reconnections, resulting in the formation of a short calabash-shaped magnetotail.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shuaibo Li, Shibiao Xu, Wei Ma, Qiu Zong
Summary: This article presents an attentional cross-domain deep architecture for image tampering detection. It combines different types of features from spatial and frequency domains to better capture manipulation artifacts. The proposed model, trained on a large dataset, achieves state-of-the-art performance in localizing various manipulations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
(2023)
