Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ernesto Arganda, Antonio Delgado, Roberto A. Morales, Mariano Quiros
Summary: In this study, a novel supersymmetric signal with gluinos decaying into jets and bino-like neutralino is analyzed at the LHC. The signal involves four light jets, four b-jets, and a significant amount of missing transverse energy. Backgrounds such as top quark pairs, V + jets, and top quark pairs with additional electroweak boson productions are identified as challenging, but prospects for discovery at high luminosity phases of the LHC are promising.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alexander Belyaev, Stefan Prestel, Felipe Rojas-Abatte, Jose Zurita
Summary: This study reinterprets the latest ATLAS disappearing track search for a range of dark matter multiplets with different spins and electroweak quantum numbers, finding that the disappearing track signature can probe a vast portion of the parameter space. The results provide upper limits on the cross section and efficiencies in the lifetime-dark matter mass plane for all considered models, demonstrating the potential for easy recasting for similar classes of models. The recasting code employed in the study is also provided as part of the public LLP recasting repository.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Claudio Gatti, Paola Gianotti, Carlo Ligi, Mauro Raggi, Paolo Valente
Summary: The lack of experimental evidence for dark matter has led to the development of new ideas about its nature, prompting national laboratories like Frascati to invest in small-scale experiments. Previously focused on particle physics research with accelerators, these laboratories are now intensifying their activity in the field of dark matter research.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Claire Guepin, Roberto Aloisio, Austin Cummings, Luis A. Anchordoqui, John F. Krizmanic, Angela Olinto, Mary Hall Reno, Tonia M. Venters
Summary: The study demonstrates that next-generation high-energy neutrino detectors such as POEMMA and GRAND have unique advantages for probing dark matter properties, improving sensitivity and comparing with existing constraints. Additionally, the uncertainties related to dark matter distribution in the galactic halo play an important role in the research outcomes.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sanjoy Biswas, Emidio Gabrielli, Barbara Mele
Summary: Many scenarios beyond the standard model suggest the existence of a massless dark photon, which may result from long-distance interactions mediated by an unbroken dark U(1) gauge symmetry. The production of a massless dark photon at colliders is generally suppressed at low energy by a UV energy scale, except in the case of Higgs boson production and decay. The unique signature of a monochromatic photon with energy half the Higgs mass plus missing energy can be connected to the production of a dark photon.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Katherine Freese, Irina Galstyan, Pearl Sandick, Patrick Stengel
Summary: Dark matter spikes surrounding black holes in our Galaxy are significant sites of dark matter annihilation that may produce detectable neutrino signals. This paper examines the association of 10 - 105M (R) black holes with dark matter spikes that formed in early minihalos and still exist in the Milky Way today, using neutrino data from the ANTARES and IceCube detectors. The study places constraints on the distribution of dark matter spikes and provides significant limits on the formation of the first generation of stars in early minihalos, stronger than previous limits from gamma-ray searches. The research also suggests that larger black holes could be remnants of Dark Stars and neutrino observations can constrain their properties.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Takumi Kuwahara, Shu-Run Yuan
Summary: Confining gauge dynamics in a dark sector can generate dark matter with a mass in the sub-GeV to GeV range. This dark sector consists of composite particles like dark baryons and dark mesons, which are neutral under the standard-model charge. Introducing a dark photon as a portal matter between the dark sector and the standard-model sector can address cosmological issues and produce dark hadrons at accelerator-based experiments. The exploration of future prospects for dark vector mesons can be done through the LHC forward-detector experiments, FASER/FASER2 and FACET.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Martin Vollmann
Summary: The study examines the phenomenology of diffuse radio emission from Dark Matter annihilation or decay in dwarf spheroidal galaxies, introducing a novel strategy for computing relevant synchrotron signals. Various regimes are identified where the diffuse radio signal from dark matter annihilation/decay can be expressed as a halo times a spectral function. Theoretical setup uses Fourier-mode expansion of relevant Green's functions for exact results at low computational cost.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Amit Bhoonah, Joseph Bramante, Brian Courtman, Ningqiang Song
Summary: Large panels of etched plastic are used on the Skylab Space Station and in the Ohya quarry near Tokyo to set limits on fluxes of cosmogenic particles and provide sensitivity for heavy dark matter interacting with nuclei. Revisiting prior dark matter bounds from Skylab, incorporating new factors, substantially narrows the mass range. An analysis of Ohya data covers part of the Skylab bound and excludes dark matter masses up to the Planck mass, with prospects for future searches discussed.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Leonardo Badurina, Valerie Gibson, Christopher McCabe, Jeremiah Mitchell
Summary: Single-photon atom gradiometry is a powerful technique for searching for ultralight scalar dark matter induced atomic transition energy oscillation. In this work, we model gravity gradient noise (GGN) as surface Rayleigh waves and develop a likelihood-based analysis to incorporate GGN into the sensitivity estimates of vertical atom gradiometers. We demonstrate that operating a multigradiometer configuration can significantly reduce GGN in certain geological settings, enabling exploration of scalar ULDM parameter space in the sub-Hz regime.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hooman Davoudiasl, Peter B. Denton, David A. McGady
Summary: The conventional lore excludes fermionic dark matter with mass lighter than a few hundred electronvolts based on the Pauli exclusion principle. A new method is proposed in this paper which involves numerous quasi-degenerate species of fermions without couplings to the standard model to evade this bound. Gravitational interactions impose constraints from measurements at the LHC, cosmic rays, supernovae, and black hole spins and lifetimes, with a particular limit on the number of distinct species of particles being less than or around 10^62.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Paola Arias, Nicolas Bernal, Dimitrios Karamitros, Carlos Maldonado, Leszek Roszkowski, Moira Venegas
Summary: This study investigates the production of axion dark matter through a nonstandard cosmological mechanism and finds that in certain scenarios, the mass range of axions can expand, which can be probed with next generation experiments.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yonatan Kahn, Tongyan Lin
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the direct detection of keV-GeV dark matter using condensed matter systems. The article discusses the challenges of achieving a kinematic match between light dark matter and the target, highlighting the importance of condensed matter physics. The review also covers the theoretical treatment of dark matter-nucleon and dark matter-electron interactions, as well as recent developments in detector technology.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Riccardo Catena, Taylor R. Gray
Summary: This study extends the current framework for dark matter search to include spin-1 dark matter models. The study explores simplified models and a non-abelian gauge group-based model, calculating various properties of these models and comparing them with experimental results. The study finds that the simplified models are strongly constrained by current experiments and the unitarity bound, while the vector SIMP model is compatible with current observations in a wide region of the parameter space.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yonit Hochberg, Belina von Krosigk, Eric Kuflik, To Chin Yu
Summary: This study reveals the significant impact of dark Compton scattering, often neglected in absorption searches, on the mass reach and discovery potential of direct detection experiments at high bosonic cold dark matter masses. The research improves the expected reach across materials and places enhanced limits on dark matter parameter space using data from SuperCDMS, EDELWEISS, and GERDA experiments. The implications for detector design and analysis are outlined.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Correction
Physics, Particles & Fields
Nayara Fonseca, Enrico Morgante, Ryosuke Sato, Geraldine Servant
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sven Baumholzer, Vedran Brdar, Enrico Morgante
Summary: In this study, structure formation limits on dark matter composed of keV-scale axion-like particles are derived, with a focus on freeze-in production through interactions with photons and SM fermions. The results show that for the photophobic ALP scenario, where DM primarily couples to SM fermions, weaker constraints on DM mass can be obtained, indicating potential for a wider range of mass values. Future facilities like the Vera C. Rubin observatory are expected to significantly improve current bounds on DM mass, potentially reaching up to 80 keV.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. Kritos, V De Luca, G. Franciolini, A. Kehagias, A. Riotto
Summary: This study critically assesses the formation and merging of binary systems made of a primordial black hole and a black hole of astrophysical origin in stellar clusters, aiming to reproduce the detection rate of LIGO/Virgo. A new catalysis channel based on a chain of single-binary and binary-binary exchanges is proposed to potentially explain the recent GW190521 event.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Simone S. Bavera, Gabriele Franciolini, Giulia Cusin, Antonio Riotto, Michael Zevin, Tassos Fragos
Summary: This study demonstrates how to add an additional and independent constraint to model selection by using the stochastic gravitational-wave background. The predicted results are consistent with current background limits and can be detectable by third-generation detectors.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
V. De Luca, A. Riotto
Summary: This article discusses the formation of PBHs through the collapse of large fluctuations in the early universe and points out that the use of curvature perturbation does not provide the correct PBH formation probability. Through a path-integral approach, it is concluded that the exact calculation of PBH abundance requires the knowledge of multivariate joint probabilities of the curvature perturbation.
Review
Physics, Particles & Fields
K. G. Arun, Enis Belgacem, Robert Benkel, Laura Bernard, Emanuele Berti, Gianfranco Bertone, Marc Besancon, Diego Blas, Christian G. Bohmer, Richard Brito, Gianluca Calcagni, Alejandro Cardenas-Avendano, Katy Clough, Marco Crisostomi, Valerio De Luca, Daniela Doneva, Stephanie Escoffier, Jose Maria Ezquiaga, Pedro G. Ferreira, Pierre Fleury, Stefano Foffa, Gabriele Franciolini, Noemi Frusciante, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Carlos Herdeiro, Thomas Hertog, Tanja Hinderer, Philippe Jetzer, Lucas Lombriser, Elisa Maggio, Michele Maggiore, Michele Mancarella, Andrea Maselli, Sourabh Nampalliwar, David Nichols, Maria Okounkova, Paolo Pani, Vasileios Paschalidis, Alvise Raccanelli, Lisa Randall, Sebastien Renaux-Petel, Antonio Riotto, Milton Ruiz, Alexander Saffer, Mairi Sakellariadou, Ippocratis D. Saltas, B. S. Sathyaprakash, Lijing Shao, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Thomas P. Sotiriou, Nikolaos Stergioulas, Nicola Tamanini, Filippo Vernizzi, Helvi Witek, Kinwah Wu, Kent Yagi, Stoytcho Yazadjiev, Nicolas Yunes, Miguel Zilhao, Niayesh Afshordi, Marie-Christine Angonin, Vishal Baibhav, Enrico Barausse, Tiago Barreiro, Nicola Bartolo, Nicola Bellomo, Ido Ben-Dayan, Eric A. Bergshoeff, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, Daniele Bertacca, Swetha Bhagwat, Beatrice Bonga, Lior M. Burko, Geoffrey Compere, Giulia Cusin, Antonio da Silva, Saurya Das, Claudia de Rham, Kyriakos Destounis, Ema Dimastrogiovanni, Francisco Duque, Richard Easther, Hontas Farmer, Matteo Fasiello, Stanislav Fisenko, Kwinten Fransen, Jorg Frauendiener, Jonathan Gair, Laszlo Arpad Gergely, Davide Gerosa, Leonardo Gualtieri, Wen-Biao Han, Aurelien Hees, Thomas Helfer, Jorg Hennig, Alexander C. Jenkins, Eric Kajfasz, Nemanja Kaloper, Vladimir Karas, Bradley J. Kavanagh, Sergei A. Klioner, Savvas M. Koushiappas, Macarena Lagos, Christophe Le Poncin-Lafitte, Francisco S. N. Lobo, Charalampos Markakis, Prado Martin-Moruno, C. J. A. P. Martins, Sabino Matarrese, Daniel R. Mayerson, Jose P. Mimoso, Johannes Noller, Nelson J. Nunes, Roberto Oliveri, Giorgio Orlando, George Pappas, Igor Pikovski, Luigi Pilo, Geraint Pratten, Tomislav Prokopec, Hong Qi, Saeed Rastgoo, Angelo Ricciardone, Rocco Rollo, Diego Rubiera-Garcia, Olga Sergijenko, Stuart Shapiro, Deirdre Shoemaker, Alessandro Spallicci, Oleksandr Stashko, Leo C. Stein, Gianmassimo Tasinato, Andrew J. Tolley, Elias C. Vagenas, Stefan Vandoren, Daniele Vernieri, Rodrigo Vicente, Toby Wiseman, Valery Zhdanov, Miguel Zumalacarregui
Summary: This white paper summarizes the importance of LISA in the field of fundamental physics and discusses future research directions and connections with other working groups.
LIVING REVIEWS IN RELATIVITY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Valerio De Luca, Alex Kehagias, Antonio Riotto
Summary: The study finds that the collapsing regions under the instability of the Standard Model Higgs potential may be harmless in the thin wall approximation. Additionally, the presence of the Standard Model Higgs instability provides a novel mechanism to end inflation and reheat the universe.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Valerio De Luca, Gabriele Franciolini, Alex Kehagias, Paolo Pani, Antonio Riotto
Summary: This study examines the role of secondary infall and accretion onto an initially overdense perturbation in matter-dominated eras, and proposes that primordial black holes may form and grow through post-collapse accretion.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nicola Bartolo, Daniele Bertacca, Robert Caldwell, Carlo R. Contaldi, Giulia Cusin, Valerio De Luca, Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni, Matteo Fasiello, Daniel G. Figueroa, Gabriele Franciolini, Alexander C. Jenkins, Marco Peloso, Mauro Pieroni, Arianna Renzini, Angelo Ricciardone, Antonio Riotto, Mairi Sakellariadou, Lorenzo Sorbo, Gianmassimo Tasinato, Jesus Torrado, Sebastien Clesse, Sachiko Kuroyanagi
Summary: We investigate the sensitivity of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) to the anisotropies of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB). By building a Signal-to-Noise estimator and performing a Fisher matrix analysis, we quantify the detectability of different multipoles by LISA. This study provides important information for understanding the origin of the SGWB and discriminating among different superimposed SGWB sources.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Enrico Morgante, Nicklas Ramberg, Pedro Schwaller
Summary: We estimate the gravitational wave signal emitted in the confinement transition of a pure SU(3) Yang-Mills dark sector by analyzing the phase transition in improved holographic QCD. We calculate the energy budget and duration of the phase transition with minor errors using the derived effective action from holography. These calculations are then used to predict the gravitational wave signal. This is the first computation of gravitational wave signal in a holographic model designed to match lattice data on the thermal properties of pure Yang-Mills.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Giorgio Busoni
Summary: This article presents a significantly improved treatment of dark matter capture in neutron stars, which properly accounts for all relevant physical effects. The research shows that dark matter-lepton scattering in neutron stars has a much greater sensitivity compared to electron-recoil experiments, and the sensitivity of dark matter-baryon scatterings in neutron stars is expected to exceed that of current direct detection experiments.
MOSCOW UNIVERSITY PHYSICS BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ken K. Y. Ng, Gabriele Franciolini, Emanuele Berti, Paolo Pani, Antonio Riotto, Salvatore Vitale
Summary: The existence of primordial black holes is important for gravitational-wave detections. Observing the distinctive feature of merger rates as functions of redshift can directly measure the abundance of primordial black holes.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gabriele Franciolini, Vishal Baibhav, Valerio De Luca, Ken K. Y. Ng, Kaze W. K. Wong, Emanuele Berti, Paolo Pani, Antonio Riotto, Salvatore Vitale
Summary: This study performs a hierarchical Bayesian analysis using the GWTC-2 catalog to constrain the fraction of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the data. Different astrophysical models are taken into account, and it is found that the fraction of PBHs varies significantly depending on the assumed models. The contribution from the stable-mass-transfer isolated formation channel reduces the need for PBHs, except in explaining mass-gap events.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gabriele Franciolini, Roberto Cotesta, Nicholas Loutrel, Emanuele Berti, Paolo Pani, Antonio Riotto
Summary: This study presents a systematic approach to discriminate between primordial black hole and astrophysical black hole merger events by measuring different parameters. Current measurement uncertainties do not allow solid conclusions, but next-generation ground-based detectors may make it possible.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Valerio De Luca, Gabriele Franciolini, Antonio Riotto
Summary: First-order phase transitions in the early Universe play a crucial role in cosmology, potentially leaving detectable relics such as gravitational waves, baryon asymmetry, and primordial black holes. These phenomena depend on the typical mean distance between bubbles of the broken phase, with bubble sites following the statistics of maxima of a Gaussian field.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nelson R. F. Braga, Octavio C. Junqueira
Summary: This study investigates the influence of rotation on the transition temperature of strongly interacting matter produced in non-central heavy ion collisions. By using a holographic description of an AdS black hole, the authors extend the analysis to the more realistic case where the matter spreads over a region around the rotational axis. The results show the coexistence of confined and deconfined phases and are consistent with the concept of local temperature in rotating frames developed by Tolman and Ehrenfest.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bing Sun, Jiachen An, Zhoujian Cao
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of gravitational constant variation on the propagation of gravitational waves. By employing two analytical methods, the study finds that variations in the gravitational constant result in amplitude and phase corrections for gravitational waves, and the time variation of the gravitational constant can be constrained through the propagation of gravitational waves.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abdellah Touati, Zaim Slimane
Summary: This letter presents the first study of Hawking radiation as a tunneling process within the framework of non-commutative gauge theory of gravity. The non-commutative Schwarzschild black hole is reconstructed using the Seiberg-Witten map and the star product. The emission spectrum of outgoing massless particles is computed using the quantum tunneling mechanism. The results reveal pure thermal radiation in the low-frequency scenario, but a deviation from pure thermal radiation in the high-frequency scenario due to energy conservation. It is also found that noncommutativity enhances the correlations between successively emitted particles.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shahar Hod
Summary: The travel times of light signals between two antipodal points on a compact star's surface are calculated for two different trajectories. It is shown that, for highly dense stars, the longer trajectory along the surface may have a shorter travel time as measured by asymptotic observers. A critical value of the dimensionless density-area parameter is determined for constant density stars to distinguish cases where crossing through the star's center or following a semi-circular trajectory on the surface has a shorter travel time as measured by asymptotic observers.
