Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Samantha A. A. Murphy, Ling Chen, Jason M. M. Doherty, Prerana Acharyya, Noah Riley, Ann M. M. Johnson, Alexis Walker, Hailee Domash, Maren Jorgensen, Sayeh Bayat, David B. B. Carr, Beau M. M. Ances, Ganesh M. M. Babulal
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether cognitive reserve and brain reserve in cognitively normal older adults could predict changes in their driving behaviors. The findings suggest that increased hippocampal and whole brain atrophy, as well as lower cognitive reserve scores, were associated with changes in driving behaviors over time, indicating that individuals with lower brain and cognitive reserve may reduce their driving exposure and avoid highways.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Erwin Stolz, Hannes Mayerl, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Thomas M. Gill
Summary: This study reveals that there is a terminal decline in physical function among older adults, which is comparable to the established terminal decline phenomenon in cognition and may be associated with impending death.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Qu Tian, Stephanie A. Studenski, Manuel Montero-Odasso, Christos Davatzikos, Susan M. Resnick, Luigi Ferrucci
Summary: The study found that individuals experiencing dual decline in memory and gait speed showed steeper declines in multiple cognitive domains and greater brain volume loss in areas related to cognition, sensorimotor function, and locomotion compared to others. Impaired sensorimotor integration and locomotion were identified as underlying features of dual decline, suggesting a potential connection to the increased risk of dementia.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Marcelo de Maio Nascimento, Elvio Rubio Gouveia, Adilson Marques, Bruna R. Gouveia, Priscila Marconcin, Andreas Ihle
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between cognitive vulnerability and gait speed. By analyzing a large sample of older adults, the study found a significant positive correlation between cognitive performance and gait speed, suggesting that gait speed could be used as a complementary measure for evaluating cognitive function in older adults.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Saila M. Kyronlahti, Sari Stenholm, Jani Raitanen, Subas Neupane, Seppo Koskinen, Kristina Tiainen
Summary: In the general Finnish population aged 55 years and older, decline in maximum gait speed was found to be greater in low and intermediate education groups compared to the high education group. As age increases, the association between lower education and greater decline in gait speed becomes more prominent. Body mass index and physical workload were identified as the most significant mediators contributing to educational disparities in age-related decline in maximum gait speed.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Giulia Grande, Davide Liborio Vetrano, Gregoria Kalpouzos, Anna-Karin Welmer, Erika J. Laukka, Anna Marseglia, Laura Fratiglioni, Debora Rizzuto
Summary: A study conducted by the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen found that individuals with concurrent cognitive and motor decline experienced loss in brain and hippocampal volumes, increased accumulation of white matter hyperintensities, and enlarged ventricles. Those only experiencing cognitive decline showed greater hippocampal volume loss, while those exhibiting only motor decline displayed a greater burden of white matter hyperintensities.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wen Hao, Yi-fan Shan, Takashi Kimura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Hideki Ohira, Satoe Okabayashi, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Akiko Tamakoshi
Summary: The study found that dual decline in gait speed and cognition is associated with a higher risk of late-life dementia, particularly in older Japanese men. These findings highlight the importance of early screening for dual decline.
ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Andrew Hantel, Clark DuMontier, Oreofe O. Odejide, Marlise R. Luskin, Adam S. Sperling, Tammy Hshieh, Richard Chen, Robert Soiffer, Jane A. Driver, Gregory A. Abel
Summary: Measuring gait speed in older adults with blood cancer can predict survival but does not impact oncologists' treatment intensity recommendations. Therefore, incorporating gait speed into decision-making may help improve optimal treatment selection.
Article
Rheumatology
Hiral Master, Tuhina Neogi, Michael LaValley, Louise M. Thoma, Yuqing Zhang, Dana Voinier, Meredith B. Christiansen, Daniel K. White
Summary: This study found that in adults, walking slower than 1.22 m/s is associated with increased mortality risk, regardless of decline over the previous year.
JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Amy E. Holcomb, Nicholas L. Hunt, Amanda K. Ivy, Aidan G. Cormier, Tyler N. Brown, Clare K. Fitzpatrick
Summary: Over 36 million adults over 65 years of age experience accidental falls each year. The underlying neuro-mechanics and driving forces behind these falls are poorly understood, as are the effects of aging on musculoskeletal adaptation. This study found that older adults displayed differences in joint angles, muscle co-contraction, and ground reaction forces compared to young adults, and that challenging surfaces led to increased lower-limb flexion. These findings highlight the need for further research in understanding and reducing the risk of accidental falls.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shannon Mance, Andrea Rosso, Joshua Bis, Stephanie Studenski, Nico Bohnen, Caterina Rosano
Summary: The study aimed to examine the association between dopamine-related genotype and gait speed according to frailty status or race. The results showed a stronger association between dopamine-related genotype and gait speed among adults with frailty compared to those without frailty. However, the association did not differ significantly among individuals of different races.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
James R. Hall, Melissa Petersen, Leigh Johnson, Sid E. O'Bryant
Summary: The study found a significant relationship between high plasma tau levels and symptoms of depression, apathy, anxiety, worry, and sleep disturbances in older adults, which may be early indicators of cognitive decline and prodromal Alzheimer's disease.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chava Pollak, Joe Verghese, Helena M. Blumen
Summary: The study found associations between social support and gait speed decline, with tangible support being the only predictor of decline in both simple and complex gait speed. This suggests that tangible support may be a modifiable risk factor for gait speed decline.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Briana N. Sprague, Andrea L. Rosso, Xiaonan Zhu, Nicolaas Bohnen, Caterina Rosano
Summary: This study examined the relationship between dopamine signaling and gait speed, finding that greater prefrontal dopamine measured through COMT genotypes may facilitate short-term adaptation to rapid walking demands, which diminishes over time. Further research is needed to investigate whether these effects are long-lasting and the underlying mechanistic pathways.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Li Zhang, Shuqin Liu, Weijing Wang, Mengjie Sun, Huimin Tian, Lili Wei, Yili Wu
Summary: This study found that dynapenic abdominal obesity in older adults leads to poor gait speed and increased risk of falls. Maintaining mobility should focus on improving muscle strength and reducing excess body fat.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Allyn M. Bove, Erin Dong, Leslie R. M. Hausmann, Sara R. Piva, Jennifer S. Brach, Allen Lewis, G. Kelley Fitzgerald
Summary: This qualitative study explored race differences in the rehabilitation experience and satisfaction following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The results showed that individuals undergoing TKA generally had positive rehabilitation experiences, but barriers to accessing physical therapy existed, with potential differences between Black and White patients. Physical therapists should be aware of these barriers and work to minimize them whenever possible.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jennifer S. Brach, Gardenia Juarez, Subashan Perera, Kathleen Cameron, Jennifer L. Vincenzo, Jennifer Tripken
Summary: The study describes the implementation of evidence-based fall prevention programs by Administration for Community Living grantees from 2014 to 2019. Analysis of the data showed that participation in the programs led to improved confidence, decreased fear of falling, and fewer falls and injurious falls among older adults.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Pamela M. Dunlap, Andrea L. Rosso, Xiaonan Zhu, Brooke N. Klatt, Jennifer S. Brach
Summary: The study aimed to identify the association between mobility determinants and life space in older adults. The results showed that age, lower extremity power, gait efficacy, and energy cost of walking were associated with life space.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Allyn M. Bove, Leslie R. M. Hausmann, Sara R. Piva, Jennifer S. Brach, Allen Lewis, G. Kelley Fitzgerald
Summary: This observational cohort study examined race differences in physical therapy utilization and patient-reported physical function following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Results showed similar total physical therapy received between White and Black participants, but significant differences in utilization within specific settings. While race did not significantly predict postoperative function, Black participants reported slightly lower function compared to White participants before and after surgery.
ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rebekah Harris, Elsa S. Strotmeyer, Leena Sharma, C. Kent Kwoh, Jennifer S. Brach, Robert Boudreau, Jane A. Cauley
Summary: This study examined how the severity of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (KOA) affects recurrent falls in middle-aged and older individuals. The results showed that older adults with radiographic evidence of KOA had a higher likelihood of experiencing recurrent falls compared to those without KOA, regardless of established risk factors. On the other hand, middle-aged adults with KOA did not have an increased odds of recurrent falls, except for those with possible KOA.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jennifer L. Vincenzo, Lori A. Schrodt, Colleen Hergott, Subashan Perera, Jennifer Tripken, Tiffany E. Shubert, Jennifer S. Brach
Summary: The majority of physical therapists and physical therapist assistants in the United States are familiar with and use the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's STEADI toolkit for clinical fall-risk screening. However, there is still a lack of familiarity and utilization among some practitioners. Further research is needed to investigate the tools used by physical therapists for multifactorial fall screening and management, as well as the impact of using the STEADI toolkit on patient outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Gerontology
Mariana Wingood, Salene M. W. Jones, Nancy M. Gell, Jennifer S. Brach, Denise M. Peters
Summary: This study aimed to refine and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Inventory of Physical Activity Barriers Scale (IPAB) for assessing barriers to physical activity participation among older adults. The refined scale consists of 27 items with good internal consistency and high test-retest reliability. The IPAB scores were significantly different between those who met the recommended levels of physical activity and those who did not.
Article
Rehabilitation
Mariana Wingood, Denise M. Peters, Nancy M. Gell, Jennifer S. Brach, Jonathan F. Bean
Summary: This study examined changes in physical activity levels among adults 50 years and older during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with reduced physical activity were identified, including lack of access to workout places, feelings of anxiety, and difficulty committing to physical activity. Factors that protected against reduced physical activity included self-identified heart or lung-related diagnoses and a history of falling in the past 12 months.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
R. J. Harris, N. Parimi, P. M. Cawthon, E. S. Strotmeyer, R. M. Boudreau, J. S. Brach, C. K. Kwoh, J. A. Cauley
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the components of sarcopenia and fracture types. The findings showed that men with slow walking speed had a higher risk of experiencing any clinical, hip, or major osteoporotic fracture compared to those with normal walking speed. However, low lean mass and low grip strength were not significantly associated with fractures.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jennifer S. Brach, Subashan Perera, Valerie Shuman, Alexandra B. Gil, Andrea Kriska, Neelesh K. Nadkarni, Bonny Rockette-Wagner, Rakie Cham, Jessie M. VanSwearingen
Summary: The study found no difference in gait speed change between the standard and standard-plus intervention groups, but both groups showed sustained improvements in mobility 24 weeks after the intervention.
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rebekah J. Harris, Neeta Parimi, Peggy M. Cawthon, Elsa S. Strotmeyer, Robert M. Boudreau, Jennifer S. Brach, C. Kent Kwoh, Jane A. Cauley
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Julie Richardson, Marla Beauchamp, Jonathan Bean, Jennifer Brach, Paulo H. M. Chaves, Jack M. Guralnik, Alan M. Jette, Suzanne G. Leveille, Helen Hoenig, Todd Manini, Richard Marottoli, Michelle M. Porter, Susanne Sinclair, Lori Letts, Ayse Kuspinar, Brenda Vrkljan, Ashley Morgan, Shaghayegh Mirbaha
Summary: Early change in function in older adults, known as preclinical disability (PCD), has been understudied compared to other stages of disability. A standardized approach to research in PCD, including a common definition and measurement approaches, is needed to advance this work and prevent further decline.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Pamela M. Dunlap, Breanna M. Crane, Subashan Perera, Kyle D. Moored, Michelle C. Carlson, Jennifer S. Brach, Brooke N. Klatt, Andrea L. Rosso
Summary: In this study, increased time spent outside of home was associated with a lower risk of incident hospitalization over one year among community-dwelling older adults. Falls and emergency department visits were not significantly associated with GPS indicators of community mobility.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Pamela M. Dunlap, Breanna M. Crane, Subashan Perera, Kyle D. Moored, Michelle C. Carlson, Jennifer S. Brach, Brooke N. Klatt, Andrea L. Rosso
Summary: This study compared the effects of two interventions, standard strength and endurance training, and standard plus timing and coordination training, on community mobility in older adults. The results showed that neither intervention significantly improved community mobility, suggesting the need for more comprehensive interventions in the future.
Review
Sport Sciences
Tibor Hortobagyi, Tomas Vetrovsky, Jennifer S. Brach, Martijn van Haren, Krystof Volesky, Regis Radaelli, Pedro Lopez, Urs Granacher
Summary: This study examined the effects of exercise training on muscle quality in healthy older individuals and individuals with neurological conditions. The results showed that exercise training had positive effects on muscle quality in healthy older individuals, but there is a lack of research on individuals with neurological conditions. More studies are needed to fill this research gap and understand the relevance of exercise-induced changes in muscle quality in daily function among older individuals.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2023)