期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 113, 期 25, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.250601
关键词
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资金
- ANPCyT [PICT-2010-02483, PICT-2013-0621]
- CONICET
- UBACyT
We present a new method to measure the work w performed on a driven quantum system and to sample its probability distribution P(w). The method is based on a simple fact that remained unnoticed until now: Work on a quantum system can be measured by performing a generalized quantum measurement at a single time. Such measurement, which technically speaking is denoted as a positive operator valued measure reduces to an ordinary projective measurement on an enlarged system. This observation not only demystifies work measurement but also suggests a new quantum algorithm to efficiently sample the distribution P(w). This can be used, in combination with fluctuation theorems, to estimate free energies of quantum states on a quantum computer.
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