Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cristina Manuel, Juan M. Torres-Rincon
Summary: The study investigates the impact of a small fermion mass in the formulation of the on-shell effective field theory (OSEFT) and the subsequent derivation of small mass corrections to the chiral kinetic theory. It is found that in the presence of mass corrections, tensorial components are required in addition to vectorial components, while scalar components strictly vanish in OSEFT. Furthermore, the study reveals that up to second order in the energy expansion, vectorial and tensorial components are decoupled and follow the same dispersion law and transport equation based on their respective chirality.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kazuya Mameda
Summary: The chiral kinetic theory derived from quantum field theory includes nonlinear quantum corrections and spacetime-dependent electromagnetic fields and fluid velocity gradients. An equilibrium Wigner function determined by the kinetic equation verifies the nondissipativeness of the charge induced by the magneto-vortical coupling. We find that this nonlinear chiral kinetic theory is consistent with the one-loop Euler-Heisenberg effective theory, providing indirect evidence of the trace anomaly in the kinetic theory. We also discuss a potential issue on regularization and demonstrate the availability of the point-splitting regularization in the nonlinear chiral kinetic theory.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shu-Xiang Ma, Jian-Hua Gao
Summary: This article derives the generalized chiral kinetic equations applicable to fermions of arbitrary mass and demonstrates how the dynamical magnetic-moment distribution function leads to spin polarization and electric charge separation. It also shows how vorticity and electromagnetic field can induce electric/magnetic moment distribution and pseudoscalar distribution in global equilibrium.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Lenin Kumar Verdhi, Natalia Fridman, Alex M. Szpilman
Summary: A chiral nitroxide catalyst, generated in situ by a readily prepared chiral hydroxylamine precatalyst, in combination with a copper co-catalyst, serves as an environmentally friendly terminal oxidant for the enantioselective oxidative kinetic resolution of racemic axially chiral N-arylpyrrole alcohols, providing high enantioselectivity and reaction efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pieter J. Gilissen, Quentin Duez, Guilherme L. Tripodi, Magda M. J. Dekker, Jiangkun Ouyang, Kais Dhbaibi, Nicolas Vanthuyne, Jeanne Crassous, Jana Roithova, Johannes A. A. W. Elemans, Roeland J. M. Nolte
Summary: The kinetic enantio-recognition of chiral viologen guests by planar-chiral porphyrin cage compounds is determined by the planar chirality of the host and influenced by its size, but not the chirality of its substituents.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Muxing Zhou, Tatiana Gridneva, Zhenfeng Zhang, Ende He, Yangang Liu, Wanbin Zhang
Summary: This study presents an efficient route for the synthesis of chiral phthalidyl ester prodrugs using a chiral bicyclic imidazole organocatalyst and a continuous injection process. Computational studies suggest a general base catalytic mechanism different from the widely accepted nucleophilic catalytic mechanism. Analysis of key transition states reveals that CH-pi interactions, rather than previously considered cation/pi-pi interactions, play a dominant role in stereocontrol.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Marek Rogatko, Karol I. Wysokinski
Summary: Finding signatures of dark matter in transport characteristics of solids is an important step towards detecting this elusive component of the Universe's mass. This is especially relevant as direct detection experiments for dark matter have not yielded positive results. In this study, the authors investigate the transport properties of topologically nontrivial Weyl or Dirac semimetals, taking into account the presence of both a standard electromagnetic field and a dark sector field. They find that the dark sector leads to modifications in the transport coefficients due to the coupling between gauge fields and the dark sector magnetic field.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chenming Huang, Junling Liu, Jiali Fang, Xian Jia, Zhendong Zheng, Song You, Bin Qin
Summary: This review discusses the advances in the research area of KRED-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis for biomanufacturing of chiral chemicals with at least two chiral centers through the kinetic resolution (KR) approach and the dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) approach.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lan-Lan Gao, Xu-Guang Huang
Summary: This study develops a kinetic framework to investigate the chiral anomaly for Weyl fermions with nonlinear dispersions. It finds that the chiral anomaly is sourced by Berry monopoles in momentum space, and can be enhanced or suppressed through rotations around the Berry monopoles.
CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ayumi Imayoshi, Bhatraju Vasantha Lakshmi, Yoshihiro Ueda, Tomoyuki Yoshimura, Aki Matayoshi, Takumi Furuta, Takeo Kawabata
Summary: Since the discovery of mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes and topologically chiral catenanes, their asymmetric synthesis has been a long-standing challenge. Here, the authors report enantioselective preparation of mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes with up to 99.9% ee in 29% yield.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Tomoya Hayata, Yoshimasa Hidaka, Kazuya Mameda
Summary: In this study, we derived the chiral kinetic theory under the presence of gravitational Riemann curvature and discovered new types of fermionic transport phenomena, including charge current and energy-momentum tensor induced by the curvature. It was found that inhomogeneous fluid vorticity can induce charge and energy currents in opposite directions, due to the spin-curvature coupling. Additionally, possible applications to Weyl/Dirac semimetals and heavy-ion collision experiments were briefly discussed.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Matthieu Jouffroy, Katharina Neufeld
Summary: We report an unprecedented chiral Suzuki-Miyaura/enzymatic kinetic resolution sequence for the synthesis of atropisomeric biaryls yielding the targets in high enantiopurity without chiral separation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Matthieu Jouffroy, Katharina Neufeld
Summary: Axially chiral biaryl fragments are important scaffolds in drugs, but their synthesis often results in low yields and excess waste. This study presents a novel chiral Suzuki-Miyaura/enzymatic kinetic resolution sequence for the synthesis of atropisomeric biaryls, achieving high enantiopurity without chiral separation.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lan-Lan Gao, Sahal Kaushik, Dmitri E. Kharzeev, Evan John Philip
Summary: A general kinetic theory of anomalous transport in Weyl systems was constructed using phase space Berry curvature induced by torsion, which describes the generation of chiral chemical potential and the chiral magnetic effect in the presence of a background magnetic field. Researchers proposed to measure the CME current induced by torsion as a way to detect the anomalous coupling between the coordinate-space and momentum-space chiralities.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Jian Song, Wen-Hua Zheng
Summary: A highly enantioselective method for the kinetic resolution of racemic tertiary alcohols has been developed using chiral organotin-catalyzed intermolecular acylation. The process can be carried out under mild reaction conditions and has a broad substrate scope, allowing for the separation of the corresponding products and highly enantioselective recovery of tertiary alcohols with s factors up to >200.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Pak Hang Chris Lau, Hong Liu, Yi Yin
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jasmine Brewer, Li Yan, Yi Yin
Summary: This article discusses a new scenario and evolution process of the quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions, introducing concepts such as a quantum mechanical system analogy and pre-hydrodynamic slow modes to explain its dynamics.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Shuai Y. F. Liu, Yi Yin
Summary: The study systematically analyzes the effects of derivatives of hydrodynamic fields on the axial Wigner function describing spin polarization vector in phase space. By considering all possible first-order derivative contributions allowed by symmetry and using linear response theory, the study identifies potentially significant contributions, especially the quadrupole induction for spin polarization due to shear strength. The results, together with hydrodynamic gradients from simulations, provide a basis for interpreting spin polarization measurements in heavy-ion collisions.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Noriyuki Sogabe, Naoki Yamamoto, Yi Yin
Summary: The study shows that hydrodynamic fluctuations have a significant impact on the behavior of chiral medium in the presence of a background magnetic field, leading to a positive contribution to magnetoresistance related to the chiral magnetic effect. It is also found that fluctuations contribute to the transverse conductivity in addition to the longitudinal one, especially at zero axial relaxation rate.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Xin An, Marcus Bluhm, Lipei Du, Gerald Dunne, Hannah Elfner, Charles Gale, Joaquin Grefa, Ulrich Heinz, Anping Huang, Jamie M. Karthein, Dmitri E. Kharzeev, Volker Koch, Jinfeng Liao, Shiyong Li, Mauricio Martinez, Michael McNelis, Debora Mroczek, Swagato Mukherjee, Marlene Nahrgang, Angel R. Nava Acuna, Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler, Dmytro Oliinychenko, Paolo Parotto, Israel Portillo, Maneesha Sushama Pradeep, Scott Pratt, Krishna Rajagopal, Claudia Ratti, Gregory Ridgway, Thomas Schafer, Bjorn Schenke, Chun Shen, Shuzhe Shi, Mayank Singh, Vladimir Skokov, Dam T. Son, Agnieszka Sorensen, Mikhail Stephanov, Raju Venugopalan, Volodymyr Vovchenko, Ryan Weller, Ho-Ung Yee, Yi Yin
Summary: The BEST Collaboration was formed to provide a theoretical framework for analyzing data from the Beam Energy Scan program at RHIC, with the goal of searching for a QCD critical point and manifestations of the chiral magnetic effect. Progress has been made in studying the equation of state, initial state models, hydrodynamic framework, freezeout prescriptions, and hadronic transport models over the past five years, with the challenge of integrating these components into a complete analysis framework.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Baochi Fu, Shuai Y. F. Liu, Longgang Pang, Huichao Song, Yi Yin
Summary: The study reveals that in noncentral heavy-ion collisions, the shear-induced polarization (SIP) competes with thermal vorticity effects, with SIP always showing the same azimuthal angle dependence as experimental data. In the scenario where Lambda inherits and memorizes the spin polarization of a strange quark, SIP wins the competition, leading to qualitatively agreement between the resulting azimuthal angle dependent spin polarizations P(y) and P-z and the experimental data.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Jasmine Brewer, Bruno Scheihing-Hitschfeld, Yi Yin
Summary: In this study, we aim to gain qualitative insight into the behavior of the gluon plasma in the early stages of a heavy-ion collision, far from equilibrium. We investigate the self-similar scaling evolution of quarks and gluons in QCD effective kinetic theory (EKT), and shed light on the origin of this time-dependent scaling phenomenon in the small-angle approximation to the Boltzmann equation. We find that time-dependent scaling is a feature of this kinetic theory and can capture key qualitative features of hard gluon scaling in QCD EKT.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Noriyuki Sogabe, Yi Yin
Summary: This paper uses the effective field theory of fluctuating hydrodynamics to study the real-time critical non-Gaussian fluctuations of a conserved charge density. The study finds that non-linear interactions among noise fields could potentially contribute to the quartic fluctuations in the scaling regime even at tree level in off-equilibrium situations.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Weiyao Ke, Yi Yin
Summary: We investigate the response of the near-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma (QGP) to perturbation at nonhydrodynamic gradients. We propose a conceivable scenario under which sound mode continues to dominate the medium response in this regime. Such a scenario has been observed experimentally for various liquids and liquid metals. We further show that this extended hydrodynamic regime (EHR) indeed exists for both the weakly coupled kinetic equation in the relaxation time approximation (RTA) and the strongly coupled N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory. We construct a simple but nontrivial extension of Muller-Israel-Stewart (MIS) theory-namely MIS*-and demonstrate that it describes the EHR response for both the RTA and SYM theory. This indicates that MIS* equations can potentially be employed to search for QGP EHR via heavy-ion collisions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shuai Y. F. Liu, Yi Yin
Summary: This study verifies that chemical potential and temperature gradient can induce spin Hall current in heavy-ion collisions, and proposes to detect it by measuring local spin polarization of Lambda (Λ) hyperon. The induced directed spin flow varies at different collision energies and is highly sensitive to rapidity.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Krishna Rajagopal, Gregory Ridgway, Ryan Weller, Yi Yin
Summary: The Hydro+ framework describes the interaction between hydrodynamics and out-of-equilibrium long wavelength critical fluctuations in a self-consistent manner. A simulation in a simplified model for a heavy ion collision reveals three key ingredients of critical dynamics.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Krishna Rajagopal, Gregory W. Ridgway, Ryan Weller, Yi Yin
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Lipei Du, Ulrich Heinz, Krishna Rajagopal, Yi Yin
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Koichi Hattori, Yuji Hirono, Ho-Ung Yee, Yi Yin
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Yukinao Akamatsu, Derek Teaney, Fanglida Yang, Yi Yin
