期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 109, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.125301
关键词
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资金
- NRF
- Korea government (MEST) [2010-0010172, 2011-0017527, 2008-0062257, WCU-R32-10045]
- Global PhD Fellowship
- Kwanjeong Scholarship
- T.J. Park Science Fellowship
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2010-0010172, 2011-0017527, 2008-0062257] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
We measure the power spectrum of the density distribution of a freely expanding two-dimensional (2D) degenerate Bose gas, where irregular density modulations gradually develop due to initial phase fluctuations in the sample. The spectrum has an oscillatory shape, where the peak positions are found to be independent of temperature and show scaling behavior in the course of expansion. The relative intensity of phase fluctuations is estimated from the normalized spectral peak strength and observed to decrease at lower temperatures, confirming the thermal nature of the phase fluctuations. We investigate the relaxation dynamics of nonequilibrium states using the power spectrum. Free vortices are observed with ring-shaped density ripples in a perturbed sample after a long relaxation time.
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