Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hemza Azri, K. Yavuz Eksi, Canan Karahan, Salah Nasri
Summary: The study investigates the Ricci-determinant gravity theory and its applications in relativistic stars and cosmology, focusing on the novel effects induced by the square-root of the Ricci determinant and its relationship with general relativity. The upper limit of Eddington's λ at which deviations from general relativity become prominent on neutron stars corresponds to the hierarchy between the Planck and vacuum mass scales, with implications for understanding gravitational systems in the universe.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chen Zhang, Robert B. Mann
Summary: The study examines interacting quark matter, deriving a unified equation of state to reduce the number of degrees of freedom. The critical difference in the EOS for interacting quark matter compared to noninteracting quark matter is highlighted. Analysis of pure interacting quark stars and astrophysical observations provide constraints on the parameter space, indicating a new possibility for the composition of compact stars.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hector O. Silva, A. Miguel Holgado, Alejandro Cardenas-Avendano, Nicolas Yunes
Summary: NICER recently measured the mass and equatorial radius of an isolated neutron star, inferring information about its moment of inertia, quadrupole moment, and surface eccentricity. By combining various observations, including radio observations, the first theory-agnostic and equation-of-state-insensitive test of general relativity was implemented, setting a new stringent constraint on gravitational parity violation. This paves the way for future tests of general relativity using multimessenger neutron star observations.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Arnab Sarkar, Amna Ali, Salah Nasri
Summary: This study examines the equation of motion of charged particles or objects in curved space-time, taking into account electromagnetic radiation and gravitational radiation. It reveals that perturbative terms can significantly impact the gravitational radiation-reaction term in certain astrophysical and cosmological scenarios.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xiangdong Sun, Zhiqiang Miao, Baoyuan Sun, Ang Li
Summary: In this study, we use Bayesian inference to investigate the poorly known hyperonic interaction by studying laboratory hypernuclei and neutron star observations. We perform analysis based on relativistic mean-field theory and utilize the correlation between scalar and vector meson-hyperon couplings. The results suggest that the laboratory hypernuclear constraint ensures a sufficient lambda-scalar-meson coupling in hyperon star matter.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hemza Azri, Salah Nasri
Summary: This paper explores the application of determinants of second-rank tensors in forming generally invariant terms, especially in the volume element of gravitational actions. The authors extend the action of matter fields by introducing an arbitrary function f(D) of the determinants of their energy-momentum and the metric. They derive the gravitational field equations and examine the nonlinear terms induced by the determinant, specifically the inverse of the energy-momentum tensor. The paper also discusses the implications of these extensions and proposes a scale-free model for the gravitational-matter coupling.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alexey Potapov, Serge A. Krasnokutski, Cornelia Jaeger, Thomas Henning
Summary: Experimental study indicated that the solid-state reaction C + H2O -> H2CO, following the co-deposition of C and H2O at low temperatures, proceeds through a quantum tunneling mechanism, offering a new non-energetic pathway for the formation of complex organic and prebiotic molecules in astrophysical environments. UV irradiation of the ice produced by co-deposition of C and H2O reactants mainly results in the destruction of H2CO and the formation of CO2, challenging the role of energetic processing in the synthesis of complex organic molecules under astrophysically relevant conditions.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
L. Y. Zhang, A. Y. Lopez, M. Lugaro, J. J. He, A. I. Karakas
Summary: The study re-evaluated experimental data to calculate the F-19(p, alpha)O-16 reaction rate across a wide temperature range. The new rate shows significant differences at different temperatures and has a strong impact on the destruction of F-19 in the CNO cycle at low temperatures. Further research is needed to verify the results and understand the implications of the findings.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Subham Ghosh, Banibrata Mukhopadhyay
Summary: Research demonstrates that rotation stabilizes plane Couette flow, while destabilizing plane Poiseuille flow faster, leading to turbulence in forced local accretion disks.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Li-Yong Zhang, Jian-Jun He, Motohiko Kusakabe, Zhen-Yu He, Toshitaka Kajino
Summary: A new thermonuclear reaction rate has been derived that is significantly larger than the previously adopted rate. This new rate has been examined in both s-process and r-process models, and found to have significant impacts on the abundance of certain isotopes. However, the effect on r-process nucleosynthesis can be neglected if fission recycling is considered.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Annu Jaiswal, Rajesh Kumar, Sudhir Kumar Srivastava, S. K. J. Pacif
Summary: In this study, a new parametrization of the expansion scalar Theta, as a rational function of time t, is introduced to analyze a homogeneous gravitational collapsing system. The exact solutions of the Einstein field equations (EFEs) are determined in a model-independent way using this new parametrization. The model is particularly important for astrophysical applications as it relates the physical and geometrical quantities of the system to the Schwarzschild mass M. The numerical value of the model parameter involved in the functional form of the Theta-parametrization is estimated using masses and radii data of massive stars. The study also explores the formation of an apparent horizon in the collapsing system, showing that the model produces a continuing collapsing scenario of a star.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Eleanor K. Ashworth, Cate S. Anstoter, Jan R. R. Verlet, James N. Bull
Summary: This study investigates the excited state dynamics of 2-naphthoxide's S-1(pi pi*) state using photoelectron imaging techniques. The results suggest that 2-naphthoxide has a short autodetachment lifetime after photoexcitation, indicating its lack of resilience to visible light absorption and its inability to convert to a ground state or dipole-bound state.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Giorgia Ceselin, Zoi Salta, Julien Bloino, Nicola Tasinato, Vincenzo Barone
Summary: This study uses quantum chemical calculations to predict the structure and spectroscopic properties of glycolic acid, and provides a comparison with experimental data, enhancing the possibility of detecting this molecule.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gordon Baym, Jen-Chieh Peng
Summary: Primordial neutrinos experience helicity flipping in cosmic and galactic magnetic fields, with the flipping probability sensitive to the neutrino magnetic moment and field structure, making it a potential probe for detecting these fields. Even a neutrino magnetic moment lower than that suggested by XENON1T could have a significant impact on relic neutrino helicities and their detection rates.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Irina V. Abmetko, Maria G. Chernysheva, Natalia A. Kulikova, Andrey I. Konstantinov, Andrey G. Popov, Gennadii A. Badun, Irina V. Perminova
Summary: The study utilized tritium-labeled humic substances to investigate the surface properties of nanodiamonds and their interaction with natural organic matter, revealing that the adsorption of humic substances onto nanodiamonds led to fractionation of humic substances dependent on the zeta potential of the nanodiamonds. However, this adsorption did not significantly impact the uptake of nanodiamonds by wheat seedlings. The uptake of nanodiamond particles by plants was determined by the functional composition of the particle surface.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Behnam Akhavan, Rajesh Ganesan, Stephen Bathgate, Dougal G. McCulloch, James G. Partridge, Mihail Ionsecu, Dave T. A. Mathews, Michael Stueber, Sven Ulrich, David R. McKenzie, Marcela M. M. Bilek
Summary: This study demonstrates a simple, new approach using a magnetic field with a high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) source to control the sp(3) fraction of amorphous carbon films, enhancing the deposition rate by focusing the flux and providing films with high tetrahedral bonding at the center. Resistive switching is observed in films with intermediate sp(3) fractions, allowing for the production of thin amorphous carbon films with selected properties without the need for electrical bias. The technique opens up possibilities for applications such as wear-resistant coatings on polymers and fabrication of resistive switching devices for neuromorphic technologies.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hedi V. Kruse, William T. Lewin, Natalka Suchowerska, D. S. Abdullah Al Maruf, Kai Cheng, Jonathan R. Clark, David R. McKenzie
Summary: This study demonstrates that plasma immersion ion implantation enhances the adhesion of 3D printed PEEK material to bone tissue. Treated materials exhibit higher pull-off strength and torque in both in vitro and in vivo tests compared to untreated materials. The authors propose PIII-PEEK as a scaffold material with tensile properties similar to the fibrillar component of bone.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Georgio A. Katsifis, Natalka Suchowerska, David R. McKenzie
Summary: In this study, the effect of plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) treatment on the optical properties of poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) was investigated using ellipsometry. It was found that even short treatment times of PIII can significantly alter the optical properties of PEEK and induce amorphization of the initial semicrystalline structure.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
D. S. Abdullah Al Maruf, Krishnan Parthasarathi, Kai Cheng, Payal Mukherjee, David R. McKenzie, Jeremy M. Crook, Gordon G. Wallace, Jonathan R. Clark
Summary: This review focuses on the recent progresses in modulating the physiochemical properties and applications of biomaterials in bone tissue engineering (BTE) for mandibular segmental defect repair. BTE is an important strategy for reconstructing critical-sized bone defects and improving patients' quality of life.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS AND POLYMERIC BIOMATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Linda Joanne Rogers, Juliette Cornelia Harley, David Robert McKenzie, Natalka Suchowerska
Summary: This study investigates the effect of delivering radiation treatment in two equal parts with a time delay on cancer cell toxicity. The results show that this split dose treatment increases toxicity in cancer cells and improves the therapeutic ratio. Grid fields also enhance the toxic effect. This treatment method can improve outcomes by increasing cancer cell toxicity while preserving normal cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Mark A. George, Noboru Takamure, David R. McKenzie
Summary: This study investigates the radiative heat transfer in the coaxial geometry of evacuated tube solar collectors through theoretical and experimental analysis. The results suggest that the effective emissivity method is applicable in certain conditions, but the spectral distribution of the emitted radiation needs to be considered at high temperatures.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Juliette C. Harley, Natalka Suchowerska, Linda J. Rogers, Helen Lo, Ee Siang Choong, David R. McKenzie
Summary: The study shows that plasma activated liquid can enhance the cytotoxicity of radiation on cancer cells while exhibiting an antagonistic effect on normal cells. These findings demonstrate the potential to improve cancer treatment efficacy and reduce toxicity.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Clara T. Tran, Michael Raco, Louis M. Casey, David R. McKenzie
Summary: High surface area carbon coatings are produced using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with plasma immersion ion implantation. The microstructure of the coatings is influenced by deposition pressure, resulting in the formation of aggregated particles with voids. The presence of these aggregated particles increases the binding capacity of proteins, making these coatings potentially useful for electrodes, biosensing, and drug delivery.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Alexander Ryan, Marcela Bilek, Iver H. Cairns, David R. McKenzie
Summary: In this research, specific vacuum arc discharges were simulated using VSim 11 software, covering the entire process from the generation of cathode spots to the streaming plasma discharge at a far field. The simulations were validated against experimental data and showed consistent results in the evolution of ion charge state energy distributions, electrostatic potential peak above the cathode surface, and relative energies between ion charge states.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Georgio Katsifis, Hedi Kruse, Will Lewin, Abdullah Al Maruf, Jonathan R. R. Clark, David R. McKenzie, Natalka Suchowerska
Summary: This study evaluates the osteoconduction of a 3D printed PEEK scaffold treated with plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) compared to an untreated structure using micro-CT imaging. The treated PEEK scaffold contains denser and larger amounts of bone within the interior volume, while the untreated PEEK has more bone immediately outside the scaffold boundaries. This difference is attributed to the improved hydrophilicity and protein covalent binding provided by the PIII treatment.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
K. J. Putman, M. R. Rowles, N. A. Marks, C. de Tomas, J. W. Martin, I. Suarez-Martinez
Summary: In this study, we redefine the concept of graphenic crystallite within disordered carbons and provide a well-defined interpretation for La measurements by using large atomistic structures and two complimentary approaches. Our findings highlight the skewed size distribution of the crystallites towards small fragments, with a majority being smaller than half of La.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Luke A. Sylvander, Phuong Y. Le, Hiep N. Tran, Billy J. Murdoch, Enyi Guo, David R. Mckenzie, Dougal G. Mcculloch, Jim G. Partridge
Summary: In this study, polydimethyl glutarimide (PMGI) layers were modified to introduce free radical covalent binding sites. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme was successfully immobilized on the treated PMGI, and the treated PMGI was incorporated as a gate dielectric layer in a three-terminal electrolyte-gated device. The presence of HRP on the plasma-modified PMGI gate dielectric layer altered the device characteristics and allowed for readout detection.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jacob W. Martin, Jason L. Fogg, Gabriel R. Francas, Kate J. Putman, Ethan P. Turner, Irene Suarez-Martinez, Nigel A. Marks
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of screw dislocation annihilation in the graphitization process. Experimental results confirm that the annihilation of screw dislocations and the growth of crystallites are accelerated with higher annealing temperature, consistent with X-ray diffraction results. Additionally, the formation of graphite was found to be orders of magnitude faster than previously assumed, which has significant economic implications for synthetic graphite production.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brenton Cook, Philipp Reineck, Thomas Shiell, Jodie Bradby, Bryan D. Esser, Joanne Etheridge, Bianca Haberl, Reinhard Boehler, David R. Mckenzie, Dougal G. McCulloch
Summary: Diamond is a crucial material for biosensors, quantum computing, and space components due to its unique properties at the nanoscale. Researchers have successfully synthesized oriented, faceted diamond particles by flash laser heating of glassy carbon, and observed their microstructure and periodicity.
Review
Biophysics
Lou I. S. A. Gonzales, Jessica W. Qiao, Aston W. Buffier, Linda J. Rogers, Natalka Suchowerska, David R. Mckenzie, Ann H. Kwan
Summary: The use of physical plasma in cancer treatment is a growing field, and omics studies have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms behind its action. These studies have revealed how physical plasma preferentially affects critical cellular pathways in cancer cells, leading to cell death. The future outlook for omics lies in exploring its synergies and antagonisms with other cancer therapies and overcoming challenges in clinical translation.
BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS
(2023)