Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mingke Jin, Xu Zhang, Xuan Liu, Changwen Liang, Jixun Liu, Zixian Hu, Kingfai Li, Guochao Wang, Jun Yang, Lingxiao Zhu, Guixin Li
Summary: The use of diffractive optical elements in single-beam magneto-optical traps (MOTs) provides a new approach for compact cold atom sources. However, previous single-beam MOT systems have low and unbalanced optical efficiency, which affects the quality of trapped atoms. To address this problem, we developed a centimeter-scale dielectric metasurface optical chip with dynamic phase distributions that splits a single incident laser beam into five separate beams with well-defined polarization states and uniform energy distributions. The measured diffraction efficiency of the metasurface is up to 47%. A single-beam MOT integrated with the metasurface optical chip was used to trap 87Rb atoms with a population of approximately 1.4 x 108 and temperatures around 7.0 μK. This concept provides a promising solution for the development of ultracompact cold atom sources.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rui Xu, An Li, Dongyi Li, Jiujiang Yan
Summary: The cold atomic gravimeter (CAG) achieves high measurement accuracy without needing regular calibration. The choice and design of magneto-optical traps (MOTs) directly impact atomic interference and measurement accuracy. This paper reviews MOT research history, analyzes their structure and principles, highlights the current applications, summarizes their pros and cons, and presents future perspectives for MOT development in cold atomic gravimetry.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Optics
Vaibhav Sharma, Erich J. Mueller
Summary: The study introduces a set of driven-dissipative protocols for controlling cold atoms in tilted optical lattices and showcases how dissipation can manipulate quantum many-body systems. By employing a specific experimental setup, the research team successfully achieved controllable atom transport in the lattice and generation of self-healing quantum states.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Saeed Ghanbari
Summary: We introduce 3D permanent magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms and provide analytical expressions for the location of magnetic field minima and various physical quantities. The trap depths, modulation depths, and trap frequencies can be controlled by the bias field. Compared to optical lattices, the permanent magnetic lattices offer higher trap depths and trap frequencies, particularly between magnetic layers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Soon Wei Daniel Lim, Joon-Suh Park, Dmitry Kazakov, Christina M. Spaegele, Ahmed H. Dorrah, Maryna L. Meretska, Federico Capasso
Summary: This research achieves the precise positioning of phase singularities using wavefront-shaping devices and metasurface technology, providing simplified and miniaturized solutions for applications such as optical traps and super-resolution microscopes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Dong Hyuk Ko, Graham G. Brown, Chunmei Zhang, P. B. Corkum
Summary: Attosecond measurements have been achieved using stable infrared lasers and extreme-ultraviolet instruments, enabling efficient characterization of isolated attosecond pulses. By creating attosecond pulses with infrared pump beams and modulating them with weak same-frequency beams, spectral phase and temporal structures can be obtained. This method offers a way to measure multi-electron dynamics encoded in the temporal structure of attosecond pulses.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Rustem Shakhmuratov
Summary: This study investigates the generation of flat-top pulses with a duty ratio close to 50% in a periodical sawtooth phase-modulated CW laser field propagating through a group-delay-dispersion circuit. The proposed method is compared with a binary phase-modulated field and the technical advantages of sawtooth phase modulation are discussed.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xiaolei Guan, Wei Zhuang, Tiantian Shi, Jianxiang Miao, Jia Zhang, Jingbiao Chen, Bin Luo
Summary: Atomic optical filters with ultranarrow bandwidth and high peak transmission can be achieved by introducing optical pumping into cold atomic systems. In this work, a cold-atom optical filter operating at 780 nm is demonstrated, which achieves an ultranarrow bandwidth of 6.6(4) MHz and a peak transmission of 15.6%, nearly 14 times higher than traditional methods. This technique can be applied to various atomic optical filters and find applications in self-stabilizing lasers and active optical clocks.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jayanta Bera, Abdul Q. Batin, Suranjana Ghosh, Boris Malomed, Utpal Roy
Summary: This article studies the effects of time-periodic modulation on a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with contact and long-range dipolar interactions. The modulation generates a variety of harmonics in the condensate's oscillations, including multiple and combinational harmonics. The results of approximate analytical calculations are confirmed by simulations of the underlying Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Christophe De Beule, Vo Tien Phong, E. J. Mele
Summary: The long-wavelength physics of monolayer graphene in the presence of periodic strain fields can be described using a chiral scattering network. A strain field with threefold rotation and mirror symmetries, but without twofold rotation symmetry, results in the connectivity of the oriented kagome network. Scattering processes in this network are captured by a symmetry-constrained phenomenological S matrix. The bulk physics of strained graphene can be qualitatively accounted for by this network, but it has limitations in properly accounting for the boundary physics.
Article
Optics
Javier Arguello-Luengo, Tao Shi, Alejandro Gonzalez-Tudela
Summary: The study explores the use of ultracold fermionic atoms to simulate quantum chemistry problems, making progress in experimental conditions, error understanding, and performance evaluation.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Ambrish Kumar Srivastava
Summary: The study shows that alkali metal atoms adsorbed on the surface of LiG can significantly reduce the energy gap of M@LiG structure, leading to strong charge transfer, increased dipole moment, and polarizabilities. The lowest-energy M@LiG structures exhibit extremely high static hyperpolarizability values.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Liang He, Su Yi
Summary: We reveal a divergent issue associated with the mean-field theory for Bose gases in optical lattices and solve it by establishing a general finite temperature mean-field theory. This theory exhibits an intrinsic non-Hermitian structure and provides an efficient approach for investigating the finite temperature properties of systems with complex spatial structures.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kaifeng Yin, Binquan Zhou, Jixi Lu, Fei Lu, Shaowen Zhang, Yeguang Yan, Mao Ye
Summary: In this study, a new method for measuring relaxation rate and optical pumping rate in magnetometers is proposed. Through analysis of the optical pumping model, the optical pumping rate and total relaxation can be separated. Experimental results show good agreement with theoretical calculations. This method is advantageous for designing and optimizing magnetometers.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Optics
Sofus L. Kristensen, Matt Jaffe, Victoria Xu, Cristian D. Panda, Holger Mueller
Summary: In this study, a model of spatial dependence in optical cavities for atom interferometers is established and experiments show that optimizing cavity parameters can significantly increase Raman transition efficiency and nearly double contrast in a Mach-Zehnder cavity atom interferometer.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. -M Visuri, T. Giamarchi, C. Kollath
Summary: This paper studies particle transport through a chain of coupled sites connected to free-fermion reservoirs at both ends, with a local particle loss. The conductance and particle density in the steady state are calculated using the Keldysh formalism for open quantum systems. In addition to a reduction in conductance, it is found that transport can remain (almost) unaffected by the loss for certain values of the chemical potential in the lattice. It is shown that this protected transport is a result of the spatial symmetry of single-particle eigenstates. At a finite voltage, the density profile develops a drop at the lossy site, connected to the onset of nonballistic transport.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Shintaro Takayoshi, Thierry Giamarchi
Summary: We study the transport properties of a one-dimensional quantum system with disorder and compute the frequency dependence of its conductivity using numerical methods. The results show that the conductivity decays as a power law at high frequencies and follows a linear behavior at low frequencies, with both behaviors being affected by the interaction strength. The localization length also exhibits a power law dependence on the disorder strength, in agreement with theoretical predictions. These findings have implications for experiments with cold atomic gases.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Paola Ruggiero, Pasquale Calabrese, Thierry Giamarchi, Laura Foini
Summary: This article studies the correlation functions after a quantum quench of a gaussian field problem, providing a fully analytical solution using the electrostatic analogy and charge images method. This analytical solution allows for obtaining all correlation functions in imaginary time, recovering and generalizing the results in real time.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Meng-Zi Huang, Jeffrey Mohan, Anne -Maria Visuri, Philipp Fabritius, Mohsen Talebi, Simon Wili, Shun Uchino, Thierry Giamarchi, Tilman Esslinger
Summary: We measure the superfluid transport of strongly interacting fermionic lithium atoms through a quantum point contact by utilizing local, spin-dependent particle loss. We find that the characteristic non-Ohmic superfluid transport, enabled by high-order multiple Andreev reflections, transitions into an excess Ohmic current when the dissipation strength exceeds the superfluid gap. Our developed model, which includes mean-field reservoirs connected to a dissipative site via tunneling, reproduces the observed nonequilibrium particle current in the Keldysh formalism, but it does not fully explain the observed loss rate or spin current.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hugo Cayla, Pietro Massignan, Thierry Giamarchi, Alain Aspect, Christoph I. Westbrook, David Clement
Summary: We measured the momentum density in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with dilute spin impurities and observed algebraic tails decaying as 1/k4 at large momentum k, which originated from impurity-BEC interactions. The amplitudes of these tails exceeded those expected from two-body contact interactions at equilibrium in the trap. These unexpected algebraic tails were found to originate from the nontrivial dynamics of the expansion in the presence of impurity-bath interactions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gunnar Bollmark, Thomas Kohler, Lorenzo Pizzino, Yiqi Yang, Johannes S. Hofmann, Hao Shi, Shiwei Zhang, Thierry Giamarchi, Adrian Kantian
Summary: Correlated electron states are crucial for understanding unconventional superconductivity. However, calculating their properties accurately remains a challenge. In this work, we propose a framework combining matrix product states (MPS) with mean field (MF) to compute the properties of quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) systems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this framework by calculating the critical temperature for superconductivity in Q1D fermions. This approach allows for the quantitative study of correlated phases and the treatment of competing macroscopic orders.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
T. -W. Zhou, G. Cappellini, D. Tusi, L. Franchi, J. Parravicini, C. Repellin, S. Greschner, M. Inguscio, T. Giamarchi, M. Filippone, J. Catani, L. Fallani
Summary: The Hall effect, which describes the motion of charged particles in magnetic fields, has important implications for material properties. Understanding this effect in interacting systems is challenging, even for small magnetic fields. In this study, we used an atomic quantum simulator to investigate the behavior of ultracold fermions in the presence of artificial magnetic fields. Through experimental measurements, we observed a universal behavior of the Hall response, which is independent of the strength of atomic interactions. This research demonstrates the capability of quantum simulation to describe strongly correlated topological states of matter.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tony Jin, Paola Ruggiero, Thierry Giamarchi
Summary: We derive the bosonization of the interacting fermionic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model with open boundaries and use it to quantitatively describe the edge modes of the system. Our results show excellent agreement with numerical simulations, particularly in terms of the localization of the zero-energy edge mode near the boundaries. Interestingly, we find that the effects of repulsive or attractive interactions on the edge mode localization depend on the staggering parameter. We provide quantitative predictions of these effects on the localization length of the edge mode and suggest that bosonization can be generalized to other models.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Saptarshi Majumdar, Laura Foini, Thierry Giamarchi, Alberto Rosso
Summary: We study an XXZ spin chain coupled to an ohmic bath of harmonic oscillators at zero temperature. Two phases, separated by a Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, are found: a Luttinger liquid phase with finite spin stiffness at low coupling and a dissipative phase with vanishing spin stiffness at high coupling. The transport properties are also affected, with the Luttinger liquid phase being a perfect conductor and the dissipative phase showing finite resistivity. The effect of the bath can be interpreted as annealed disorder-inducing signatures of localization.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. -M. Visuri, T. Giamarchi, C. Kollath
Summary: This paper investigates particle transport, particle loss, and nonequilibrium steady states in a dissipative one-dimensional lattice connected to reservoirs at both ends. By applying local particle loss to the center site, particle transport is generated between free-fermion reservoirs with different chemical potentials. The conserved current and loss current as functions of voltage in the nonlinear regime are computed using a Keldysh description. The behaviors of the currents are affected differently by the local loss, resulting in either smoothed, nearly unaffected, or even enhanced steps depending on the spatial symmetry of the single-particle eigenstate.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tony Jin, Joao Ferreira, Michel Bauer, Michele Filippone, Thierry Giamarchi
Summary: We have developed a semiclassical model to study the transport properties of low-dimensional fermionic lattices under the influence of external quantum stochastic noise. These systems exhibit behavior similar to quantum stochastic resistors, where bulk particle transport is diffusive and follows Ohm's/Fick's law. By extending previous studies beyond one-dimensional systems to ladder geometries, we have explored different dephasing mechanisms relevant to various physical systems. Our results show that the semiclassical description provides a useful and simpler interpretation of the conductance dependence on chemical potential, which agrees well with exact numerical solutions. Additionally, we have found that the coherence of the dephasing process in the transverse direction does not affect the conductance of quantum ladders, despite different stationary states being reached.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Catalin-Mihai Halati, Thierry Giamarchi
Summary: We investigate the properties of interacting bosonic particles on a two-leg triangular ladder with an artificial gauge field. By using numerical simulations and analytical bosonization calculations, we explore the complex phase diagram of this system. The interplay between the frustration from the triangular lattice geometry and the interactions leads to the emergence of multiple chiral quantum phases. Phase transitions from superfluid to Mott-insulating states occur, exhibiting Meissner or vortex characteristics. Moreover, we discover a biased chiral superfluid state that breaks the symmetry between the two legs of the ladder, particularly for flux values close to pi. In the regime of hard-core bosons, we demonstrate the extension of the bond order insulator, beyond the fully frustrated ladder case, with Meissner-type chiral currents. We discuss the implications of our findings for experimental studies in cold atomic systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Izabella Lovas, Robert Citro, Eugene Demler, Thierry Giamarchi, Michael Knap, Edmond Orignac
Summary: We study a quantum many-body variant of the parametric oscillator using a semiclassical truncated Wigner approximation (TWA) to investigate the driven sine-Gordon model with a modulated tunnel coupling. By comparing different methods, we find that TWA can be used to explore the mode-resolved energy density dynamics and higher-order correlations between modes in the prethermal heating regime.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Nirvana Caballero, Thierry Giamarchi, Vivien Lecomte, Elisabeth Agoritsas
Summary: In this study, we numerically compute the roughness of a one-dimensional elastic interface and find a power-law behavior at short lengthscales. Contrary to available analytic predictions, we find that the associated exponent is less than 1. We discuss the implications of these findings for the temperature dependence of roughness and the connection with the asymptotic random-manifold regime at large lengthscales.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tony Jin, Joao S. Ferreira, Michele Filippone, Thierry Giamarchi
Summary: We study the transport properties of generic out-of-equilibrium quantum systems connected to fermionic reservoirs. We develop a perturbation scheme in the inverse system size, named 1/N expansion, to study a large class of out of equilibrium diffusive/ohmic systems. The exact solution for quantum stochastic Hamiltonians (QSHs) models confirms the validity of our system size expansion ansatz, and its efficiency in capturing the transport properties. We consider three fermionic models: a model with local dephasing, the quantum simple symmetric exclusion process model, and a model with long-range stochastic hopping.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)