Review
Optics
Qiandong Ran, Hao Li, Wonkeun Chang, Qijie Wang
Summary: This paper reviews the latest advances in self-compression techniques without dispersion compensation optics for high-energy few-cycle pulse generation over the past two decades. Various experimental approaches and their potential applications in generating extremely intense optical fields for strong-field physics research are discussed.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Optics
A. Mitrofanov, D. A. Sidorov-Biryukov, M. M. Nazarov, A. A. Voronin, M. Rozhko, A. B. Fedotov, A. M. Zheltikov
Summary: Utilizing ultrafast ionization of a gas medium driven by ultrashort midinfrared laser pulses generates a bright ultra-broadband radiation source, with the lowest-frequency part exhibiting significant enhancement at low gas pressures. This behavior is consistent with Cherenkov-type radiation by ponderomotively driven plasma currents.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andreas Tuennermann, Carsten Momma, Stefan Nolte
Summary: Ultrashort pulse lasers have been widely used in precise micromachining. This article presents a brief perspective on the development of this innovative technology from the 1990s until today.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Sareh Eslamzadeh, Javad T. Firouzjaee, Kourosh Nozari
Summary: In this paper, we investigate the 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black hole and its thermodynamics. The study includes the analysis of three different asymptotic spacetimes and the correlation between emission modes and temperature. The results show interesting behaviors of temperature and emission in different spacetime backgrounds.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matthew D. Horner, Andrew Hallam, Jiannis K. Pachos
Summary: The interface between different quantum phases of matter can lead to new physics, such as exotic topological phases or nonunitary conformal field theories. This study explores the interface between two spin chains in different chiral phases. Surprisingly, the mean field theory approximation of this interacting composite system can be described using Dirac fermions in a curved space-time geometry. The interface between the two phases represents a black hole horizon. Analytical and numerical methods confirm this representation, and a striking prediction emerges regarding thermalization at the interface.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Daniel Franz, Tom Haefner, Tim Kunz, Gian-Luca Roth, Stefan Rung, Cemal Esen, Ralf Hellmann
Summary: In this study, a comprehensive investigation on laser percussion microvia drilling of FR-4 printed circuit board material using ultrashort pulse lasers is carried out. The effects of different laser parameters on the quality of microvias are analyzed, and the optimal conditions are identified.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Joshua Foo, Cemile Senem Arabaci, Magdalena Zych, Robert B. Mann
Summary: Within the framework of a unified theory of quantum gravity, this study examines the effects of quantum superpositions of different spacetimes, termed as spacetime super-positions, which cannot be related by a global coordinate transformation. By coupling quantum matter to fields on a periodic Minkowski spacetime background, the field-theoretic effects produced by such spacetimes can be measured theoretically. The results demonstrate that the detector's response exhibits discontinuous resonances at rational ratios of the superposed periodic length scale.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Hao Yuan, Chun Li, Bo Yang, Jianwei Gao, Wenqi Zhao, Mingshen Li, Jian Cao
Summary: The time consumption of ceramic joining methods has hindered the widespread application of ceramic components in the industry. The recently proposed ceramic joining approach via ultrashort pulse laser welding could be a feasible solution to this problem. Through optimizing welding parameters and comprehensively characterizing joint microstructures and fracture morphology, the achieved four-point bending strength reached approximately 60% of that of the base material. The welding mechanism was hypothesized from the perspective of nonlinear absorption of the ultrashort pulse laser by the alumina ceramic. These results are expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the emerging technology.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sam Patrick, Harry Goodhew, Cisco Gooding, Silke Weinfurtner
Summary: Research has shown that fluid mechanical analogue black hole systems exhibit significant global mass changes in the presence of waves, leading to the possibility of studying backreaction with the presence of a dynamical metric.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Banik, M. Gutierrez Galan, H. Sosa-Martinez, M. Anderson, S. Eckel, I. B. Spielman, G. K. Campbell
Summary: This study experimentally measures Hubble attenuation and amplification in toroidally shaped Bose-Einstein condensates and finds that the observed effects depend on the temporal phase of the phonon field, indicating nonadiabatic dynamics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
D. Habibovic, D. B. Milosevic
Summary: This study investigates the detachment of electrons from negative ions by ultrashort few-cycle laser pulses in the near-infrared spectral region. The differential detachment probability is calculated using either numerical integration or the saddle-point method. The analysis of the photoelectron momentum distribution reveals that it depends significantly on the polarization state of the driving light and the absolute phase value. The control of the momentum distribution can be accurately achieved by manipulating the absolute phase as a control knob, particularly in regions dominated by rescattered electrons.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Astrid Sassmannshausen, Andreas Brenner, Johannes Finger
Summary: Ultrafast pulse laser polishing can achieve fine surface polishing effects by reallocating material from peaks to valleys. Experiments on 1.2738 tool steel show that polishing can significantly reduce surface roughness, achieving a polishing rate of 12.15 cm(2)/min.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
X. F. Shen, A. Pukhov, M. M. Guenther, O. N. Rosmej
Summary: Through 3D PIC simulations, it is demonstrated that the laser-accelerated electron beam can serve as a compact high-brightness source of X rays. Relativistic electrons undergo betatron oscillations in the ion channel, emitting bright broadband X-ray radiation with a critical energy of about 5keV. The simulation results indicate that with a picosecond, 20J laser pulse, a significant number of photons can be generated, resulting in an X-ray spectrum with high brilliance.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dan Cheng, Yujun Feng, Meng Ding, Debasis Pal, Johan Nilsson
Summary: We demonstrate that random phase modulation using an intra-cavity electro-optic phase modulator does not inhibit the generation of ultrashort pulses in an erbium-doped fiber ring-laser. The laser is stable and self-starting, even when the phase modulator is driven with sufficiently fast and strong random sequences that render the laser cavity modeless. The lack of phase-sensitive elements in the cavity explains the insensitivity to random phase modulation.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sergey Kudryashov, Alexey Rupasov, Mikhail Smayev, Pavel Danilov, Evgeny Kuzmin, Irina Mushkarina, Alexey Gorevoy, Anna Bogatskaya, Alexander Zolot'ko
Summary: In this study, ultrashort-pulse laser inscription was applied to embed birefringent microelements in bulk fluorite, and the effects of laser wavelength, pulsewidth, and energy were investigated. The resulting elements were characterized in terms of retardance and thickness using polarimetric and 3D-scanning confocal photoluminescence microscopy. The refractive-index difference remained almost constant versus pulse energy, with a slight decrease at higher pulsewidths. The birefringent microelements exhibited accumulative inscription and a facile scalability of thickness-dependent retardance.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Francesco Belgiorno, Sergio L. Cacciatori
Summary: We investigate the scattering S-matrix in dispersive media, which gives rise to analogous Hawking radiation. We demonstrate the general structure of scattering under the weak dispersion approximation and discuss potential differences in the production rates of Hawking particles and their antiparticles. Additionally, we parameterize the S-matrix and explore its perturbative structure, connecting it with the thermofield dynamics framework. We find that the thermofield dynamics picture is applicable and naturally leads to a duplication of degrees of freedom, similar to the astrophysical black hole case. Furthermore, we demonstrate the identification of particles on the thermal vacuum with real particles appearing in the scattering.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
S. L. Cacciatori, F. Canfora, M. Lagos, F. Muscolino, A. Vera
Summary: In this study, we extend the (gauged) Skyrme model to the case where the global isospin group is a generic compact connected Lie group. We analyze the field equations in (3+1) dimensions from a group theory perspective. By embedding three-dimensional simple Lie groups into the Lie group G, several solutions can be constructed, which represent the nuclear pasta state configurations of nuclear matter at low energy.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Davide Astesiano, Sergio L. Cacciatori, Alessio Marrani
Summary: This study classifies the critical points of the effective black hole potential in N=2, D=4 Maxwell-Einstein supergravity with U(1) Fayet-Iliopoulos gaugings, which governs the attractor mechanism occurring at the horizon of static dyonic extremal black holes. It also investigates various expressions of the entropy of asymptotically AdS(4) BPS black holes under symmetric scalar manifolds.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sergio Luigi Cacciatori, Antonio Scotti
Summary: This article is a review of a 15-year long collaboration between the authors on the explicit realizations of compact Lie groups and their applications. It discusses the generalization of the Euler parametrization to any compact Lie group, provides a detailed reconstruction of the symmetric embedding, and explores the relation to Dyson integrals. The article also briefly reviews the main properties of simple Lie groups, algebras, and their representations. It concludes with applications to nuclear physics and measure theory in infinite dimensions, as well as some open questions.
Article
Mathematics
Sergio L. Cacciatori, Pietro Ursino
Summary: This paper examines the concentration of measure in metric-measurable (mm)-spaces, particularly focusing on the concentration locus of a flag sequence of such spaces. The trajectory of the concentration locus is illustrated through examples of infinite group action on infinite dimensional compact and non-compact manifolds. Furthermore, the paper discusses the significance of concentration of measure in gravitational effects, providing applications in physics.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Luca Rizzi, Giorgio Stefani
Summary: We prove that the Bakry-emery inequality for the corresponding sub-Laplacian implies the failure of the curvature-dimension condition on sub-Riemannian manifolds. Our approach does not apply to non-strictly positive measures. We also show that the weighted Grushin plane does not satisfy any curvature-dimension condition but admits a pointwise version of the Bakry-emery inequality.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Mathematical
F. Belgiorno, S. L. Cacciatori
Summary: Charged massive scalar fields on charged black hole backgrounds are studied using spectral analysis in Krein spaces. Necessary condition for the existence of complex eigenvalues is considered on three charged black hole backgrounds (Nariai, Reissner-Nordstrom, ultra cold-II). It is shown that in two cases (Nariai and ultracold-II), even if the condition is satisfied, complex eigenvalues do not actually exist. Klein paradox occurs without restriction on the parameters in both cases. In the third case, the condition for existence of complex eigenvalues coincides with the condition for quantum discharge phenomenon associated with the Klein paradox. The role of classical potentials, appearing in the physical literature, is clarified and problems in quantum field theory with complex eigenvalues are discussed.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
R. Camassa, G. Falqui, G. Ortenzi, M. Pedroni, T. T. Vu Ho
Summary: A Hamiltonian reduction approach is used to derive asymptotic models of internal wave propagation in density stratified fluids in two-dimensional domains. The general Hamiltonian formalism for an ideal, stably stratified Euler fluid is systematically reduced to the setup of two homogeneous fluids under gravity, which leads to a simplified model that captures most of the known properties of such systems. Further reductions, including an asymptotic extension of Dirac's theory, result in the completely integrable evolution equations previously studied for limiting forms of stratified fluid dynamics. Special solutions are examined and compared to assess the performance of the asymptotic models.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Sergio L. Cacciatori, Henri Epstein, Ugo Moschella
Summary: This research reconsiders the computation of banana integrals at different loops in the configuration space. We demonstrate how the 2-loop banana integral can be computed directly using the configuration space representation and include the analytic extension of the diagram in the space of complex masses. We also explicitly determine the epsilon expansion of the two loop banana integrals.
Correction
Physics, Particles & Fields
Stefano Bondani, Sergio Luigi Cacciatori
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Stefano Bondani, Sergio Luigi Cacciatori
Summary: This study proposes an alternative perspective on gravitational waves (GWs), suggesting that GWs carry a deformation of the time component of spacetime in addition to the spatial one. By deviating from the transverse-traceless gauge, it is proposed that events with well-defined time duration would show a difference in their characteristic time when influenced by GWs, as measured from the rest frame of an outside observer. This method provides a theoretically viable way to detect GWs independently from laser interferometers and could improve the statistical significance of existing detection methods.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tie-Jun Wang, Mehdi H. Ebrahim, Ivi Afxenti, Dionysis Adamou, Adetunmise C. Dada, Ruxin Li, Yuxin Leng, Jean-Claude Diels, Daniele Faccio, Arnaud Couairon, Carles Milian, Matteo Clerici
Summary: Cumulative effects play a crucial role in the applications of laser filaments, such as energy transfer and electric discharge control. Previous studies have mainly focused on low repetition rates (<10 kHz), but this study experimentally characterizes the nonlinear effects of short plasma filaments generated by moderate energy pulses (0.4 mJ per pulse) at repetition rates up to 100 kHz. The results show that with increasing repetition rate, there is a decrease in absorption, fluorescence emission, and breakdown voltage, along with an increase in peak intensity and third-harmonic-generation efficiency. These findings provide valuable insights for applications involving laser-induced air waveguides or electric discharge and lightning control.
ADVANCED PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Sergio Cacciatori, Pietro Ursino
Summary: This paper studies the phenomenon of concentration of measures in families of compact connected Lie groups. It provides explicit examples for the determination of the region where the measure concentrates, using Macdonald's formula and Ricci curvature analysis.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Davide Astesiano, Sergio L. Cacciatori, Vittorio Gorini, Federico Re
Summary: This paper analyzes the dynamics of a single disk galaxy from a general relativistic viewpoint, investigating the effects of dark matter and non-Newtonian features on the dynamics.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Sergio L. Cacciatori, Simone Noja, Riccardo Re
Summary: This article investigates a double complex of sheaves on supermanifolds, which generalizes the concepts of differential and integral forms on real, complex, and algebraic supermanifolds. Spectral sequences associated with the double complex are used to compute the de Rham cohomology of the reduced manifold. It is shown that the Hodge-to-de Rham spectral sequence of supermanifolds with Kahler reduced manifold does not generally converge at page one.
DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA
(2022)
