Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yanlong Zhang
Summary: We utilize assortativity in linking and learning to facilitate cooperation in social dilemmas on a dynamic network. The structured heterogeneity of the network, including heterogeneous interactions and a heterogeneous population structure, contributes to the emergence of cooperation. In both infinite and finite population sizes, heterogeneous interactions play a crucial role in promoting cooperation across different social dilemma games.
PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
B. F. de Oliveira, A. Szolnoki
Summary: The study explores the consequences of spatial reciprocity on the evolution of cooperation through off-lattice population approach and compares the results with lattice-type interaction graphs. The findings suggest that spatial reciprocity may work more efficiently in off-lattice populations and competing strategies may separate in the continuous space concept, providing opportunities for cooperators to survive even at high temptation values, but the lack of strict neighborhood jeopardizes the long term stability of homogeneous domains.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Christopher E. Overton, Kieran J. Sharkey
Summary: As ecosystems evolve, environmental fluctuations can lead to species extinction and trigger evolutionary adaptation known as bet-hedging. Adding competition structure to the population has a significant impact on the evolutionary process of within-generational variation, highlighting its importance especially in small local population sizes. These findings challenge the widely held view that only between-generational environmental variation affects natural selection, providing a theoretical basis for further empirical study in this largely unexplored area.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaloyan Danovski, Markus Brede
Summary: This study proposes an evolutionary model for the emergence of shared linguistic convention in a population of agents using complex networks. Through agent-based simulations, the study shows a process of convergence towards a common language and explores the impact of the underlying network topology on its dynamics. The study finds that small-world effects accelerate convergence but do not affect the communicative efficiency of common languages. Additionally, the study differentiates between vertical and oblique transmission as learning methods and concludes that vertical transmission leads to faster convergence and higher communicability. The study also demonstrates an exclusion effect in adaptive network settings where agents attempt to reconnect with better communicators, leading to the formation of core-periphery networks.
Article
Ecology
Sebastien Lion, Mike Boots, Akira Sasaki
Summary: In this study, the authors extended an oligomorphic approximation method to class-structured populations, which allows for the joint description of ecological variables and multimodal trait distributions. They also introduced a new approximation method using reproductive values to simplify eco-evolutionary dynamics. The effectiveness of this approach was illustrated using the case of two-habitat migration-selection models.
AMERICAN NATURALIST
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
G. P. Neverova, O. L. Zhdanova, E. Ya Frisman
Summary: The paper investigates the evolutionary dynamics of a structured population with density-dependent regulation of juvenile survival. Through simulations and analysis, it is found that the loss of stability in non-trivial fixed points can be achieved through different mechanisms, and the bistability and multistability of both population number and gene frequencies dynamics are revealed.
COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jianhong Ke, Ping-Ping Li, Zhenquan Lin
Summary: The study focuses on the evolutionary snowdrift game with an update rule of dissatisfaction-driven replicator on regular lattices. The equilibrium cooperation frequency fc against the cost-to-benefit ratio r has a step-like piecewise structure when dissatisfaction threshold K is small and transitions to a typical continuous form with increasing K. Analysis of stability and microscopic evolution helps interpret the emergence and disappearance of discontinuous transitions at critical values of r and snapshots of spatial strategy distribution patterns display the system's evolution. Numerical simulations show coexistence of cooperators and defectors for r < 2/3 and pure phase with only defectors for r > 3/4, with results consistent with those obtained by the master equation approach.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Paul David Williams, Stephanie Jill Kamel
Summary: Evolutionary invasion analysis aims to identify phenotypes that cannot be replaced by alternative strategies, with the difficulty of analysis depending on the complexity of the ecological environment. The algorithm can be applied to structured populations, even in high dimensions, providing a tool for complete evolutionary analysis.
EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Layla Hockerstedt, Elina Numminen, Ben Ashby, Mike Boots, Anna Norberg, Anna-Liisa Laine
Summary: This study found that isolated host populations are more affected by pathogen infection, while connected host populations have higher levels of resistance diversity. Spatial structure and host gene flow play important roles in the impacts of pathogens on hosts.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wenman Chen, Xianjia Wang, Ji Quan
Summary: This paper introduces a multi-game population to investigate the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation. The findings suggest that agents are more likely to cooperate in a multi-game population, and that agents playing different games may adopt cooperation strategies when interacting with each other.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Civilini, Nejat Anbarci, Vito Latora
Summary: The evolutionary game on hypergraphs demonstrates the differences between individual preferences and group consensus in decision-making in social groups of different sizes. Specifically, deviations from Nash equilibrium towards risky strategies occur when dynamics take place on heterogeneous hypergraphs, potentially explaining the emergence of irrational herding and radical behaviors in social groups.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Hsuan-Wei Lee, Colin Cleveland, Attila Szolnoki
Summary: Punishing those who refuse to participate in common efforts is a known way to maintain cooperation, but it can make punishers vulnerable and jeopardize effectiveness. Hiring special players to monitor and punish defectors as an alternative using a tax-based fund is suggested. The level of tax and punishment fines are crucial factors in determining coexistence with cooperators or defectors and achieving optimal outcomes.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Anuraag Bukkuri, Joel S. Brown
Summary: In this paper, we introduce a theoretical framework that integrates standard matrix population modeling into the G function framework to investigate eco-evolutionary dynamics in structured populations. We define and characterize key properties of the system such as eco-evolutionary equilibria and their convergence stability. Additionally, we propose a folding method for analyzing multistate structured populations.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Kelsey E. Shaw, Rebecca E. Cloud, Raeyan Syed, David J. Civitello
Summary: Host heterogeneity, particularly body size, can affect parasite transmission. In a snail-schistosome system, larger snails have higher parasite exposure but lower susceptibility to infection. Experimental trials and modeling revealed that populations with more large snails had lower disease prevalence, and small snails were protected from infection by co-occurring large snails. Incorporating host traits such as body size into transmission models can provide insights into natural dynamics and disease mitigation.
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Mahdi Hajihashemi, Keivan Aghababaei Samani
Summary: The study investigates the spread of a single mutant in graph-structured populations and explores the impact of network topology on the fixation path using mean-field methods. Analytical results are found to be highly consistent with simulation results in various network structures.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Burhaneddin Izgi, Murat Ozkaya, Nazim Kemal Ure, Matjaz Perc
Summary: This paper extends and applies the Matrix Norm (MN) approach to nonzero-sum bimatrix games, providing preliminary results for the convergence of the MN approach. The authors introduce a notation for expressing nonzero-sum bimatrix games in terms of two matrix games and prove theorems regarding the boundaries of the game value. They also refine the boundaries for zero/nonzero-sum matrix games, successfully improving the game value interval. The paper demonstrates the consistency of the approaches through various bimatrix game examples.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Attila Szolnoki, Matjaz Perc
Summary: The self-protection of alliances is crucial for maintaining biodiversity in the face of natural selection. Two-species alliances can either defeat each other or exchange positions through inner dynamics. The four-species model shows diverse behaviors depending on the characteristics of inner invasions and the intensity of site exchanges. In cases where the inner invasion is biased, three-member rock-scissors-paper-type solutions emerge. Interestingly, if the oppressed species engage in more intensive site exchanges, they can become a winning pair and dominate the parameter space.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Marko Sterk, Jurij Dolensek, Masa Skelin Klemen, Lidija Krizancic Bombek, Eva Paradiz Leitgeb, Jasmina Kercmar, Matjaz Perc, Marjan Slak Rupnik, Andraz Stozer, Marko Gosak
Summary: Islets of Langerhans are multicellular networks where hundreds of β cells work together to produce insulin. Recent studies have identified two subpopulations of β cells, called "hubs" and "wave-initiator cells," which play important roles in the collective dynamics of the islets. Hubs facilitate communication between cells and spread intercellular Ca2+ waves, while wave-initiator cells trigger intercellular signals. Understanding the characteristics and functions of these subpopulations is crucial for understanding diabetes.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ziwei Dong, Shuai Mao, Matjaz Perc, Wei Du, Yang Tang
Summary: With the rapid development of distributed energy resources, communication resources are becoming more and more important for implementing distributed algorithms. In order to reduce the communication burden required to solve the economic dispatch problem, this study considers the amount of information exchanged per broadcast, the broadcast frequency per iteration, and the number of iterations needed to achieve a certain accuracy. The proposed primal-dual based algorithm, integrated with a discrete dynamic event-triggered scheme, shows significant advantages in all three aspects. The algorithm is proven to converge to the optimal point at a linear convergence rate for suitable operating parameters and for cost functions that are strongly convex and smooth. Simulation experiments confirm the effectiveness and advantages of the approach.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORK SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kaipeng Hu, Lei Shi, Yewei Tao, Matjaz Perc
Summary: The Matthew effect emphasizes the amplification of early advantage over time and its implications for public cooperation are not fully understood. In this study, a spatial public goods game driven by cumulative advantage is proposed and analyzed. Simulation results show that the Matthew effect leads to an irreversible polarization of individual wealth on the network, with moderate levels of cooperation being prevalent, explaining the coexistence of prosocial and antisocial behavior. Heterogeneous networks may restrict the wealth polarization but also inhibit the evolution of cooperation, challenging the commonly held view that they enhance cooperation.
Article
Biology
Sayantan Nag Chowdhury, Jeet Banerjee, Matjaz Perc, Dibakar Ghosh
Summary: Predator-prey interactions are a central research theme in ecology, but the role of parasites in these interactions is often overlooked. Using a predator-prey-parasite model inspired by classical equations, we demonstrate that a stable coexistence of all three species is not biologically realistic. To improve this, we introduce the concept of free space as a relevant eco-evolutionary component in a new mathematical model, which describes a more realistic setup using a game-theoretical payoff matrix. By considering free space, we stabilize the dynamics between the three species through cyclic dominance, determining the parameter regions of coexistence and the types of bifurcations leading to it.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Information Science & Library Science
Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi, Niloufar Yazdanpanah, Sajad Kolahchi, Heliya Ziaei, Gary L. Darmstadt, Tommaso Dorigo, Filip Dochy, Lisa Levin, Visith Thongboonkerd, Shuji Ogino, Wei-Hsin Chen, Matjaz Perc, Mark S. Tremblay, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Idupulapati M. Rao, Nikos Hatziargyriou, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Federico Bella, Laszlo Rosivall, Amir H. Gandomi, Armin Sorooshian, Manoj Gupta, Ciprian Gal, Andres M. Lozano, Connie Weaver, Michael Tanzer, Alessandro Poggi, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Ralf Weiskirchen, Anet Rezek Jambrak, Pedro J. Torres, Esra Capanoglu, Francisco J. Barba, Chua Kian Jon Ernest, Mariano Sigman, Stefano Pluchino, Gevork B. Gharehpetian, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Muh-Hwa Yang, Sabu Thomas, Wenju Cai, Elisabetta Comini, Neil J. Scolding, Paul S. Myles, Juan J. Nieto, George Perry, Constantine Sedikides, Nima Rezaeia
Summary: Scientometrics and bibliometrics are subfields of library and information science that study the quantity and quality of research outputs. The h-index is the most well-known scientometric index, but it relies on the count of highly cited publications. To address this limitation, we developed a new index called the Universal Research Index (UR-Index) that considers the impact of every single publication. We incorporated additional variables such as publication type, leading role, co-author count, and source metrics into the UR-Index. However, we recognize that unconscious biases in these variables may disadvantage research from specific groups, and encourage efforts to improve equitable scholarly impact in science and academia.
JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANSHIP
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Manuel Chica, Juan M. Hernandez, Matjaz Perc
Summary: Tourism, a growing sector globally, is causing sustainability problems in popular destinations due to excessive tourist flows and inappropriate behavior. This paper explores the most efficient strategy for incentivizing sustainable tourism using an asymmetric evolutionary game. The study analyzes the application of rewarding policies to a spatial lattice where tourists and stakeholders interact, and tourists have mobility. Results indicate that an adaptive rewarding strategy, altering the incentive budget over time, is more effective than simple strategies focusing on one sub-population. However, rewarding tourists exclusively becomes the most effective strategy when population density decreases.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Haroldo Ribeiro, Diego D. Lopes, Arthur A. B. Pessa, Alvaro F. Martins, Bruno R. da Cunha, Sebastian Goncalves, Ervin K. Lenzi, Quentin S. Hanley, Matjaz Perc
Summary: Recent advances in deep learning have allowed researchers to develop algorithms for analyzing and modeling complex networks. This study explores the potential of graph convolutional networks in predicting various properties of criminal networks, and shows impressive accuracy in recovering missing partnerships, distinguishing types of associations, predicting monetary exchanges, and anticipating partnerships and recidivism in corruption networks. The deep learning models outperform shallow learning approaches and provide high-quality embeddings for node and edge properties. Additionally, the models inherit the advantages of the GraphSAGE framework, including generalization to unseen nodes and scalability for large graph structures.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kristijan Brglez, Matjaz Perc, Rebeka Kovacic Lukman
Summary: Cities are crucial for sustainable development, and decision-makers need help in developing city transformation plans. A content analysis using concept mapping revealed that city models are evolving by adopting beneficial solutions from competitors, with a strong focus on sustainable development. The study also identified and validated 24 research areas essential for implementing a circular city and developed a conceptual model for it. Testing the model highlighted challenges in monitoring the transition towards circularity. This research enhances understanding of city models and their evolution towards sustainability, providing valuable insights for decision-makers and urban planners.
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Hao Guo, Zhao Song, Matjaz Perc, Xuelong Li, Zhen Wang
Summary: The conflicts in human societies are often studied using evolutionary games. By developing a two-layer game theoretic framework, we explore how intervention by third parties can influence the evolution of cooperation. We find that intervention can stimulate or inhibit cooperation by weakening or strengthening the dilemma faced by the disputing parties. Furthermore, the outcome in the disputant layer triggered by intervention can in turn stimulate its own evolution, and even a minority of interveners can promote higher levels of cooperation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jelena Joksimovic, Matjaz Perc, Zoran Levnajic
Summary: In Slovenia, private companies have received public funding from January 2003 to May 2020. The distribution of money among these companies follows certain patterns, with evidence of a first-mover advantage. The funding received by companies also shows a roughly linear trend over time, indicating the presence of self-organizing principles in Slovenian public spending.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rene Markovic, Vladimir Grubelnik, Tadej Zavrsnik, Helena Blazun Vosner, Peter Kokol, Matjaz Perc, Marko Marhl, Matej Zavrsnik, Jernej Zavrsnik
Summary: This study aims to uncover different profiles of type 2 diabetes patients based on medication intake records and laboratory measurements. The results show a well-structured profile distribution characterizing different age groups of individuals with diabetes. The middle-aged groups are characterized by several distinct profiles with a wide range of medications associated with the distinct complications of type 2 diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Shupeng Gao, Lili Chang, Matjaz Perc, Zhen Wang
Summary: The emergence of patterns in nature can be explained mathematically by reaction-diffusion systems, known as Turing patterns. With advances in network science and the study of higher-order interactions, pattern formation in simplicial complexes is of importance. In this study, we show that Turing patterns in simplicial complexes are fundamentally different from traditional networks, with stable distributions and possible emergence only under higher-order interactions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Juan Wang, Shiqiang Guo, Chengyi Xia, Matjaz Perc
Summary: Through experiments and simulations, it has been found that increasing the utility coupling between network layers can enhance the level of cooperation, while increasing the number of 2-simplex interactions tends to decrease cooperation. However, despite this result, the overall level of cooperation on interdependent networks is still higher than that on isolated networks.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
(2023)