Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Maria Paula Rueda-Mejia, Andreas Buhlmann, Raul A. Ortiz-Merino, Stefanie Lutz, Christian H. Ahrens, Markus Kunzler, Florian M. Freimoser
Summary: In this study, it is shown that the Hanseniaspora meyeri isolate APC 12.1, which lacks key pantothenate biosynthesis genes, exhibits strong biocontrol activity against the plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. The biocontrol activity requires both pantothenate and biotin in the growth medium. A transporter in Hanseniaspora is identified to provide pantothenate uptake activity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Aditi Sengupta, Hugo N. Ulloa, Bhavna Joshi
Summary: This study investigates the behavior of multi-layer Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) and enstrophy transport in the flow using a three-dimensional computational framework. The results show that the presence of multiple layers affects the onset and development of the RTI, with top layers merging to accelerate mixing layer growth and the bottommost layer experiencing early-stage RTI. The significance of viscous and compressibility terms in the spatiotemporal evolution of multi-layer RTI is highlighted.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gaspar Bruner-Montero, Francis M. Jiggins
Summary: Wolbachia is a common endosymbiont that protects insects against viral pathogens, but its impact on fitness is unclear. This study investigated the interaction between Wolbachia, Drosophila melanogaster, and two recently isolated viruses. Infected flies had higher mortality rates and decreased fertility, but Wolbachia reduced these negative effects. However, Wolbachia alone decreased survival, and the costs of symbiont may outweigh the benefits of antiviral protection. Overall, Wolbachia plays an important role in defense against natural pathogens and its antiviral effects may contribute to its prevalence in nature.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Richard Philbrook, Marzieh Jafari, Sydney Gerstenberg, Krista L. Say, Jeremy Warren, Andrew Maxwell Phineas Jones
Summary: Polyploidy is a significant evolutionary process in plants and it has been recognized as a key mechanism driving plant diversification and adaptation. This study reveals that polyploidy is a naturally occurring event in cannabis, with natural triploids present at an average frequency of approximately 0.5%. These findings provide valuable insights into the natural variation in ploidy within cannabis populations and contribute to our understanding of cannabis genetics and breeding practices.
Article
Dermatology
Charlee Nardin, Caroline Laheurte, Eve Puzenat, Laura Boullerot, Melanie Ramseyer, Amelie Marguier, Marion Jacquin, Yann Godet, Francois Aubin, Olivier Adotevi
Summary: This study demonstrates the clinical relevance of anti-telomerase Th1 response in patients with melanoma, showing an inverse correlation with disease progression and a predictive factor of response to immunotherapy. The presence of anti-TERT Th1 response is associated with improved progression-free survival and overall survival.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Matthew Smart, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman, Hayden Nunley
Summary: This study presents a mathematical model for generating cell networks, where cells form a network through limited cell division. The model can explain network assembly and inter-species variability in invertebrates, and proposes model generalizations to account for the influence of stochasticity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrila E. Collins, Tarek M. Saleh, Bettina E. Kalisch
Summary: The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is estimated to double by 2040. Current treatments do not address the underlying causes of the disease, but research suggests that antioxidants may help mitigate oxidative stress. Recent studies have focused on natural antioxidants as potential preventatives and treatments for neurodegenerative conditions associated with oxidative stress.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Robin van der Ploeg, Jos B. M. Pureveen, Sander H. J. M. van den Boorn, Pim F. van Bergen
Summary: This study presents a new quantitative maturity calibration for fluids from marine source rocks based on diamondoid data. The relationships between diamondoid compositions and reflectance are examined, and the absolute concentrations of ethyl-substituted adamantane isomers are found to have the strongest relationship with maturity. Four new diamondoid maturity models are proposed, with the adamantane index showing the best performance.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
B. M. Alotaibi, Haifa A. Al-Yousef, R. E. Tolba, W. M. Moslem
Summary: Different nonlinear dynamical behaviors of dust-acoustic modes in a homogeneous plasma were examined using a 3D-NLS equation. Various methods, including bifurcation analysis and factorization method, were employed to explore the solutions of the equation, including periodic, shocklike, and explosive waves. Additionally, the study also investigated the rogue wave solution and its dependence on nonextensivity parameters, which can have implications for electrostatic structures in dusty plasmas like Saturn's E-ring.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvatore Princiotto, Lalith Jayasinghe, Sabrina Dallavalle
Summary: This review provides an overview of the progress in the synthesis of tetronic acid as a structural key motif of natural compounds. It categorizes the synthetic pathways into intermolecular and intramolecular reactions, and discusses modern methodologies such as microwave irradiation and continuous flow processes.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Jillian Elizabeth Moffatt, Thomas Bede Payten, Georgios Tsiminis, Thomas Jacob de Prinse, Lewis Da Silva Teixeira, Elizaveta Klantsataya, David John Ottaway, Barnaby Whitmore Smith, Nigel Antony Spooner
Summary: The study explores the potential application of upconversion fluorescence in real-time monitoring of fluorite, achieving a certain research progress by reducing false signals to improve detection thresholds. This technology can detect fluorite at rare earth concentrations as low as one part per million, making it a promising new method for real-time detection.
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Kil-Byoung Chai
Summary: Self-excited dust acoustic waves (DAWs) with a high phase velocity were observed in a cryogenic dusty plasma experiment. The DAWs were observed in the presence of submillimeter water-ice dust grains that are elongated and fractal-like in shape. The phase velocity of the DAWs ranged from 8 to 15 cm s(-1). The length of the dust grains was measured between 100 and 250 mu m, and the thermal speed of the dust grains ranged from 1.5 to 2.8 cm s(-1). The observed fast phase velocity can be explained by the linear theory taking into account the effect of the dust thermal speed. Possible mechanisms for the high kinetic energies of the submillimeter dust grains are discussed.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Santosh V. Singh, A. M. Kulkarni, H. J. Bahirat
Summary: Frequency response analysis (FRA) is a mature technique for characterizing the behavior of equipment like transformers and is commonly used for condition monitoring and diagnostics. FRA is also used for subsynchronous resonance/control interaction analysis. The key challenge in online FRA of multi-port equipment is extracting the open-loop transfer function, which can be addressed by utilizing data from multiple independent events.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
A. Goeggelmann, J. Jochum, L. Gastaldo, F. Mantegazzini, A. Barth, R. Hammann
Summary: This study evaluates the background levels in the setup and materials used for measuring the Ho-163 EC spectrum in the ECHo experiment through simulations and experiments. The results show that the presence of radioactive nuclides in the materials used does not significantly affect the spectrum analysis.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiangping Wu, Jianping Zhao, Tao Zhang, Yucheng Gu, Ikhlas A. Khan, Zhongmei Zou, Qiongming Xu
Summary: Physalins are a class of highly oxygenated ergostane-type steroids commonly found in Physalis plants, exhibiting a wide range of pharmacological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and antimicrobial effects. Studies on physalins in China, focusing on phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and applications, have been systematically presented and discussed for the first time from 1970 to 2021.
