Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Hugues Meyer, Fabian Glatzel, Wilkin Woehler, Tanja Schilling
Summary: The study proposes to describe phase transition dynamics using a nonstationary generalized Langevin equation for the order parameter. It suggests that the extent of the memory kernel is positively correlated with the duration of the transition and is of the same order of magnitude, while the distribution of induction times does not affect the memory kernel. This observation is consistent with several model systems tested through computer simulations.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiachen Zhang, Lei Zhang, Qun Zhang
Summary: Element doping in CdTe QDs with slight Zn-doping has been found to significantly affect the carrier relaxation dynamics and modulate the photoreduction efficiency. This study provides valuable insights into the element doping-induced surface/interface effects and offers guidance for the design and optimization of QDs-based photoelectrochemistry.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shengnan Li, Chengying Yang, Zeyu Wu, Yuanli Chen, Xiaoyu He, Rui Liu, Wanru Ma, Shaohuan Deng, Jianwen Li, Qingsong Liu, Yunchun Wang, Wencheng Zhang
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and potential mechanisms of bilobalide (BB) intervention in alleviating depression-like behaviors in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice by mediating the BDNF pathway. The results showed that BB treatment reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-a) and increased the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus of CUMS mice. Furthermore, BB treatment enhanced the AKT/GSK3 beta/beta-catenin signaling pathway downstream of the BDNF receptor Trk-B in the hippocampus of these mice. Overall, BB has antidepressant-like effects by inhibiting neuroinflammation and enhancing neurotrophic factor function.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fuhua Huang, Niusha Bagheri, Li Wang, Hans Agren, Jinglai Zhang, Jerker Widengren, Haichun Liu
Summary: In lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), the cross-relaxation between activator ions, particularly Er3+ ions, has a general adverse effect on up-conversion luminescence (UCL), contrary to previous beliefs. The energy of the excitation light is accumulated into a low-lying excited state of Er3+ due to cross-relaxation, forming a low-lying excited state energy trap that affects the UCL channels. This effect can be utilized to regulate UCL channels and achieve a concentrated UCL band for specific applications.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Xue Yun, Yansheng Liang, Minru He, Linquan Guo, Xinyu Zhang, Tianyu Zhao, Piero R. Bianco, Ming Lei
Summary: Holographic optical tweezers (HOTs) are used to dynamically control optical trap arrays with complex intensity and phase distributions. However, the pixelated structure of the spatial light modulator (SLM) brings up unmodulated zero-order diffraction, which is harmful to optical trapping. In this paper, a cost-effective, zero-order free HOTs apparatus is constructed to address this issue and it performs excellently in generating complex light fields and manipulating particles.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Mougeot, D. Atanasov, J. Karthein, R. N. Wolf, P. Ascher, K. Blaum, K. Chrysalidis, G. Hagen, J. D. Holt, W. J. Huang, G. R. Jansen, I. Kulikov, Yu. A. Litvinov, D. Lunney, V. Manea, T. Miyagi, T. Papenbrock, L. Schweikhard, A. Schwenk, T. Steinsberger, S. R. Stroberg, Z. H. Sun, A. Welker, F. Wienholtz, S. G. Wilkins, K. Zuber
Summary: This study conducted direct mass measurements of the odd-proton nuclide Sn-100 and compared the results with ab initio many-body calculations, uncovering a discrepancy in the mass values deduced from beta-decay results.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Masahiro Shimizu, Teppei Murota, Shingo Urata, Yoichi Takato, Yuya Hamada, Akio Koike, Yasuhiko Shimotsuma, Koji Fujita, Kiyotaka Miura
Summary: This study uses microsecond time-scale molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the origin of thermal shrinkage in soda-lime silicate glass below T-g. It is found that during annealing below T-g, Na ions penetrate the silicate rings, correcting their angles and ultimately leading to volume reduction in the glass. This cation displacement-induced dynamical structural relaxation evokes overall volume relaxation at low temperatures in glassy materials.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hao Zeng, Linhui Song, Huiyu Sun, Jianping Gu, ZhiMing Li
Summary: Both one-way and two-way shape memory effects induced by crystallization and melting transitions have been demonstrated in several semi-crystalline polymers recently. A novel thermoviscoelastic phase transition model is proposed in this paper to account for the underlying mechanisms of the material. The model incorporates the nonlinear Adam-Gibbs model of structural relaxation and a modified Eying model of viscous flow to characterize the thermomechanical behaviors of the amorphous phase. Additionally, the model characterizes the formation and melting of the crystalline phase based on a theory of multiple natural configurations, which shows good agreement with uniaxial shape memory experiments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michal Liberka, Mikolaj Zychowicz, Wiktor Zychowicz, Szymon Chorazy
Summary: This method efficiently generates magnetic anisotropy of Dy-III centers by inserting aromatic N-oxide ligands on labile axial positions, providing a novel and convenient route to rationally designed single-molecule magnets.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Nurpana Sulaksono, Satyawan Pudyatmoko, Sumardi Sumardi, Wahyu Wardhana, Arief Budiman
Summary: Understanding the interactions between humans and mammals is crucial for species conservation in human-dominated landscapes. This study investigated the spatial and temporal interactions between humans and mammals, finding that most mammals are able to adapt to various human activities. However, there is a high risk of conflict between humans and endangered species.
Article
Optics
Wenqiang Li, Hanlin Zhang, Mengzhu Hu, Qi Zhu, Heming Su, Nan Li, Huizhu Hu
Summary: This study introduces a method to directly calibrate the position of a trapped micro-sphere in optical tweezers using its interference pattern formed at the back focal plane. Through simulations and experiments, the feasibility of this method was verified, showing that the calibration factor can be deduced from simulation without the need for intermediate calculations.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
K. Gorska, A. Horzela, T. K. Pogany
Summary: This study examines the description of dielectric relaxation phenomena by non-Debye and non-exponential behavior, combining stochastic methods and fractional dynamics approaches to gain a new understanding of the evolution laws of relaxation phenomena.
COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Eun Seo Jo, You Seung Rim
Summary: We conducted research to create reverse synapse plasticity using metal oxide semiconductor-based field-effect transistors. By adjusting the thickness of the Ga2O3 trapping layers, we examined changes in roughness and density and confirmed the variations and mechanisms of synaptic behaviors in relation to the properties of Ga2O3. The control of charge traps as functions of pulse time, input voltage, and initialization is crucial for achieving optimal device conditions.
MATERIALS TODAY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Baicheng Mei, Kenneth S. Schweizer
Summary: We apply a statistical mechanical theory to study the influence of polymer connectivity and penetrant-polymer attractive interactions on the hopping rate of penetrants in glass-forming liquids. We investigate the modifications of the penetrant activation barriers caused by attractions of variable strength and spatial range. Our findings reveal the importance of factors such as physical bonding, steric caging, local caging, and long-range matrix collective elasticity in determining penetrant transport selectivity.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Robert M. Elder, Amanda L. Forster, Ajay Krishnamurthy, Joseph M. Dennis, Hiroshi Akiba, Osamu Yamamuro, Kanae Ito, Katherine M. Evans, Christopher Soles, Timothy W. Sirk
Summary: Modern design of adhesives, composites, and polymeric parts often involves the use of polymer glasses with specific mechanical properties. By changing the molecular packing during vitrification or in the glassy state, the mechanics of the glass can be modified, resulting in faster structural relaxations and potentially improved ductility. Molecular simulations and experimental measurements were used to analyze the free volume distribution and dynamics of glassy co-polymers, demonstrating the possibility of optimizing the mechanical behavior through changes to the geometric structure and fraction of the free volume.