Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Ruizhe Zhang, Guoming Wang, Peter Johnson
Summary: In this paper, we propose a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm that can efficiently estimate ground state properties of molecules and materials using low-depth quantum circuits. This algorithm is of great significance for practical applications.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Heinz-Juergen Schmidt, Johannes Richter
Summary: In this paper, we present a generalization of the Luttinger-Tisza-Lyons-Kaplan theory to non-Bravais lattices, by adding Lagrange parameters to the diagonal of the Fourier transformed coupling matrix. We illustrate this approach with examples of modified honeycomb and square lattices, showing that it can obtain various types of ground states.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Lin Lin, Yu Tong
Summary: The study proposes an alternative method for estimating the ground-state energy of a Hamiltonian with Heisenberg-limited precision scaling using a simple quantum circuit and classical postprocessing. The algorithm also generates an approximate cumulative distribution function of the spectral measure, which can be used to compute other spectral properties of the Hamiltonian.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Muhammad Mudassar, Yanlong Zhai, Liao Lejian
Summary: Edge computing is a technology that pushes cloud computing capabilities to the edge of the network, improving the service quality for latency-oriented IoT applications. This article proposes a fault-tolerance methodology based on checkpointing and replication for edge computing, effectively increasing system reliability and task availability.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mike Gillard, Tommaso Benacchio
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of bit-flips and hardware failures on numerical simulation systems and algorithms in high performance computing facilities. A new method called FT-GCR is proposed to detect and recover from soft faults. Numerical experiments on an elliptic problem demonstrate the effectiveness of FT-GCR in various scenarios.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sara Ghanavati, Jemal Abawajy, Davood Izadi
Summary: Fog computing, an extension of cloud computing, provides computing, storage, and communication resources near the network edge, making it suitable for processing latency-sensitive and compute-intensive tasks. However, efficient task execution in fog computing is challenging due to loosely interconnected, dynamic, heterogeneous fog nodes that are prone to failures. This article proposes a new task scheduling approach, Dynamic Fault Tolerant Learning Automata (DFTLA), which ensures reliable task execution and optimizes response time.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EMERGING TOPICS IN COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Shuangming Yang, Haowen Wang, Yanwei Pang, Yaochu Jin, Bernabe Linares-Barranco
Summary: The brain's ability to integrate perception and decision making in a fault-tolerant, end-to-end manner offers a compelling solution for brain-inspired intelligence. This article introduces a comprehensive neuromorphic computing framework for end-to-end intelligence, including spike-timing-dependent plasticity and a fault-tolerant routing strategy. Empirical results demonstrate the framework's high accuracy, robustness, and minimal computational latency.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Yulong Dong, Lin Lin, Yu Tong
Summary: This paper introduces a tool called QETU, which utilizes controlled Hamiltonian evolution and a single ancilla qubit to optimize the query complexities of quantum algorithms. A new method is proposed to further improve the performance of the algorithm by exploiting specific anticommutation relations for a class of quantum spin Hamiltonians. The algorithm demonstrates promising performance in early fault-tolerant quantum devices and can be further optimized using multiqubit Toffoli gates.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Peiyun Zhang, Yutong Chen, Mengchu Zhou, Ge Xu, Wenjun Huang, Yusuf Al-Turki, Abdullah Abusorrah
Summary: This article proposes a fault-tolerant model based on a Markov chain for a fog system's performance optimization. By analyzing the steady-state probability of fog nodes, a fault-tolerant strategy and algorithms are designed to select nodes with the minimum cost. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the method in selecting fault-tolerant nodes.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Tobias Distler
Summary: Utilizing Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) state-machine replication allows for systems resilient against arbitrary faults, but the high complexity of replication protocols makes correct implementation difficult in practice, especially with the numerous solutions developed in recent years. This survey aims to facilitate the construction of BFT systems by providing an overview of advanced techniques and their practical implications.
ACM COMPUTING SURVEYS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Martin L. Kirk, David A. Shultz, Ju Chen, Patrick Hewitt, David Daley, Sangita Paudel, Art van Der Est
Summary: Control of photoinduced electron spin polarization (ESP) in chromophore-radical complexes can be achieved by changing the metal ion, leading to differences in the sign and intensity of ESP. Metal ion type influences the strength and direction of polarization in the ground state doublet of these complexes.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Ryan Sweke, Markus S. Kesselring, Evert P. L. van Nieuwenburg, Jens Eisert
Summary: Topological error correcting codes, particularly the surface code, are currently the most feasible roadmap for large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. This research shows that decoding such codes can be reformulated as interactions between a decoding agent and a code environment, using reinforcement learning to obtain decoding agents. By using deep Q learning, decoding agents for various simplified phenomenological noise models were obtained.
MACHINE LEARNING-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Chinmaya Kumar Dehury, Prasan Kumar Sahoo, Bharadwaj Veeravalli
Summary: The deployed cloud applications have interconnected dependent components, and multiple identical components are run concurrently to handle failures and provide uninterrupted service. This introduces resource overhead for the cloud service provider. To address this, a novel fault tolerant strategy based on the significance level of each component is developed. A Markov Decision Process model is presented to determine the number of replicas based on component ranking. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm reduces the required number of virtual and physical machines compared to similar algorithms.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CLOUD COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Guanlin Jing, Yifei Zou, Dongxiao Yu, Chuanwen Luo, Xiuzhen Cheng
Summary: In this study, a novel (a, b)-majority consensus problem based on a new failure model is investigated for fault-tolerant collaborative services in outdoor edge computing applications. A distributed protocol is presented to achieve (a, b)-majority consensus within a defined time frame, considering both physical and protocol layer failures. Empirical results from simulations validate the fault tolerance and efficiency of the proposed approach.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS
(2023)
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Vahid Mohammadian, Nima Jafari Navimipour, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Aso Darwesh
Summary: Cloud computing, a growing paradigm, relies on load balancing methods to improve server performance. This study reviews available papers on fault-tolerant load balancing methods in cloud computing, categorizing algorithms into centralized and distributed approaches, and evaluating them based on key qualitative parameters.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Abraham Asfaw, Alexandre Blais, Kenneth R. Brown, Jonathan Candelaria, Christopher Cantwell, Lincoln D. Carr, Joshua Combes, Dripto M. Debroy, John M. Donohue, Sophia E. Economou, Emily Edwards, Michael F. J. Fox, Steven M. Girvin, Alan Ho, Hilary M. Hurst, Zubin Jacob, Blake R. Johnson, Ezekiel Johnston-Halperin, Robert Joynt, Eliot Kapit, Judith Klein-Seetharaman, Martin Laforest, H. J. Lewandowski, Theresa W. Lynn, Corey Rae H. McRae, Celia Merzbacher, Spyridon Michalakis, Prineha Narang, William D. Oliver, Jens Palsberg, David P. Pappas, Michael G. Raymer, David J. Reilly, Mark Saffman, Thomas A. Searles, Jeffrey H. Shapiro, Chandralekha Singh
Summary: The paper provides a roadmap for constructing a quantum engineering education program to meet the workforce needs of the United States and international community. Through a workshop and drawing on best practices, the researchers make specific findings and recommendations, including the design of a first quantum engineering course accessible to all STEM students and the education and training methods for producing quantum-proficient engineers.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Prakash Murali, Dripto M. Debroy, Kenneth R. Brown, Margaret Martonosi
Summary: Trapped ions (TIs) are a leading candidate for building Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware. A modular architecture named Quantum Charge Coupled Device (QCCD) has been proposed to achieve 50-100 qubit TI devices. Extensive architectural studies have been performed to evaluate the design choices and provide recommendations for highly reliable and performant application executions. The insights from these studies have the potential to influence quantum computing hardware in the near future.
COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Bichen Zhang, Swarnadeep Majumder, Pak Hong Leung, Stephen Crain, Ye Wang, Chao Fang, Dripto M. Debroy, Jungsang Kim, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: In this paper, a method for reducing coherent errors by using hidden inverses is demonstrated. The effectiveness of this method is numerically simulated and experimentally validated on a trapped-ion quantum computer.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zhubing Jia, Ye Wang, Bichen Zhang, Jacob Whitlow, Chao Fang, Jungsang Kim, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: The study proposes a general method to determine Fock state distributions and reconstruct the density matrix of arbitrary multimode motional states, applicable to any system with Jaynes-Cummings-type interactions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elis Newham, Pamela G. Gill, Michael J. Benton, Philippa Brewer, Neil J. Gostling, David Haberthuer, Jukka Jernvall, Tuomas Kankanpaa, Aki Kallonen, Charles Navarro, Alexandra Pacureanu, Kelly Richards, Kate Robson Brown, Philipp Schneider, Heikki Suhonen, Paul Tafforeau, Katherine Williams, Berit Zeller-Plumhoff, Ian J. Corfe
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chao Fang, Ye Wang, Shilin Huang, Kenneth R. Brown, Jungsang Kim
Summary: In quantum computers, crosstalk between the target and neighboring spectator qubits due to the spillover of control signals is a major error source limiting the fidelity of two-qubit entangling gates. This study proposes a crosstalk suppression scheme that eliminates all first-order crosstalk using only local control of the target qubits, as opposed to existing schemes. Experimental results in a laser-driven trapped-ion system show high fidelity for the two-qubit Bell state, indicating the potential applicability of this scheme to other platforms with analogous interaction Hamiltonians.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Mingyu Kang, Ye Wang, Chao Fang, Bichen Zhang, Omid Khosravani, Jungsang Kim, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: This study develops filter functions for Molmer-Sorensen gates in trapped-ion quantum computers, accurately predicting the change in gate error due to small parameter fluctuations at any frequency. Experimental results show that using these filter functions can significantly improve gate fidelity in a five-ion chain.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ke Sun, Chao Fang, Mingyu Kang, Zhendian Zhang, Peng Zhang, David N. N. Beratan, Kenneth R. R. Brown, Jungsang Kim
Summary: This study presents a quantum simulation method to investigate the impact of light polarization on electron transfer between molecules. By controlling the quantum states of trapped atomic ions, we can simulate electron transfer dynamics resembling those in molecules. Using three-level systems instead of traditional two-level systems enhances simulation efficiency and fidelity. We analyze the transfer efficiency by considering the quantum interference of electron coupling pathways and examine potential error sources in the quantum simulations. Trapped-ion systems offer favorable scalability compared to classical computers, enabling richer electron transfer simulations.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Mingyu Kang, Wesley C. Campbell, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: For quantum error-correcting codes, erasures, or errors with known locations, are more favorable than Pauli errors. Convert physical noise into erasures can significantly enhance quantum error correction. In this study, we apply the concept of performing erasure conversion by encoding qubits into metastable atomic states, proposed by Wu, Kolkowitz, Puri, and Thompson in 2022, to trapped ions.
Article
Optics
Lu Qi, Evan C. Reed, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: Control of the external degree of freedom is crucial for the applications of trapped molecular ions in spectroscopy, precision measurements, and quantum information technology. In this study, we demonstrate near ground-state cooling of axial motional modes of a calcium mono-oxide ion through sympathetic sideband cooling with a cotrapped calcium ion. We also observe that the phonon state of the axial out-of-phase mode of the ion chain remains unchanged while the mode frequency is adiabatically ramped up and/or down, which is essential for investigating the proposed molecular dipole-phonon interaction.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Theerapat Tansuwannont, Balint Pato, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: The Shor fault-tolerant error correction (FTEC) scheme uses transversal gates and ancilla qubits in the cat state to prevent error propagation. An adaptive syndrome measurement technique is introduced to improve the scheme. Simulations show that the proposed protocols can maintain code distance, increase pseudothreshold, and reduce the average number of measurement rounds compared to the traditional Shor scheme.
Article
Optics
Zhubing Jia, Shilin Huang, Mingyu Kang, Ke Sun, Robert F. Spivey, Jungsang Kim, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: In trapped-ion quantum computers, spin-dependent force and phonons are used to generate two-qubit entangling gates. To maintain high fidelity under fluctuating experimental parameters, robust pulse-design methods are used. An improved method is proposed that guarantees the robustness of the rotation angle against uniform mode-frequency drifts. Experimental results show significantly improved robustness and gate fidelity compared to a single frequency-modulated pulse.
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Aniket S. Dalvi, Filip Mazurek, Leon Riesebos, Jacob Whitlow, Swarnadeep Majumder, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: Duke ARTIQ Extensions (DAX) provides a framework for modular control software in ion-trap quantum systems, while DAX.program-sim (DPS) framework allows for simulation of quantum programs at the level of quantum operations. This simulation addition is essential for testing and benchmarking quantum hardware. The DPS pipeline has the same input as the hardware, enabling flexible simulation options.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON QUANTUM COMPUTING AND ENGINEERING (QCE 2022)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Leon Riesebos, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: Modern quantum computers heavily rely on real-time control systems for operation. However, testing real-time control software is often complex, and existing simulation software is not practical for software testing. To address this issue, we developed an interactive simulator that can simulate signals at the application programming interface level. Our simulation infrastructure achieves an average 6.9 times faster simulation speed compared to hardware execution, with an average accuracy of 97.9% in simulating the position of the timeline cursor when the appropriate configuration is chosen.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON QUANTUM COMPUTING AND ENGINEERING (QCE 2022)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Leon Riesebos, Brad Bondurant, Jacob Whitlow, Junki Kim, Mark Kuzyk, Tianyi Chen, Samuel Phiri, Ye Wang, Chao Fang, Andrew Van Horn, Jungsang Kim, Kenneth R. Brown
Summary: Real-time control software and hardware are crucial for operating quantum computers. This study proposes a systematic design strategy for modular real-time quantum control software, which can significantly reduce the execution time overhead of kernels without increasing the binary size. The experiment demonstrates the modularity and portability of the software architecture on two different ion-trap quantum systems.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON QUANTUM COMPUTING AND ENGINEERING (QCE 2022)
(2022)