Article
Polymer Science
Jessie Wong, Violeta Toader, Linda Reven
Summary: This study demonstrates that lyotropic liquid crystalline (LC) nanomaterials can be achieved from spherical nanoparticles (NPs) with semi-flexible polymer ligands. The high degree of orientation order of the magnetized materials indicates that the splaying of the ligand shell transforms the spherical NPs into rod-like shapes, which then assemble to produce lyotropic LC phases and linear NP arrays.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Thomas G. J. Chandler, Saverio E. E. Spagnolie
Summary: This study examines the equilibrium configurations of a nematic liquid crystal with an immersed body in two dimensions. Analytical solutions are found using a complex variables formulation in the case of strong anchoring. Local tractions, forces, and torques on the body are discussed. For weak anchoring strengths, an effective boundary technique is proposed to determine asymptotic solutions. The energy-minimizing locations of topological defects on the body surface are also examined. Various examples, including circular and triangular bodies, and a Janus particle with hybrid anchoring conditions, are provided. Analogies to classical results in fluid dynamics are identified.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chau Dao, Jeffrey C. Everts, Miha Ravnik, Yaroslav Tserkovnyak
Summary: Adopting a spintronics-inspired approach, we study the reciprocal coupling between ionic charge currents and nematic texture dynamics in a uniaxial nematic electrolyte. Based on the principle of least dissipation of energy, we derive the adiabatic nematic torque exerted by ionic currents on the nematic director field as well as the reciprocal motive force on ions due to the orientational dynamics of the director. Several simple examples are discussed to illustrate the potential functionality of this coupling. Furthermore, a practical means to extract the coupling strength through impedance measurements on a nematic cell is proposed using our phenomenological framework. Exploring further applications based on this physics could foster the development of nematronics-nematic iontronics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Crystallography
Kosuke Kaneko, Kosuke Yamashita, Daiki Fujioka, Kimiyoshi Kaneko, Kiyomi Fuchigami, Takeshi Hashishin, Tomonori Hanasaki
Summary: The electrorheological properties of composite materials consisting of a nematic liquid crystal (LC) and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) coated with bistolane-based mesogenic groups were studied. The presence of GNPs led to a slightly enhanced ER effect compared to the nematic LC alone. The study demonstrates the potential of a hybrid system consisting of LCs and GNPs to yield a larger ER effect.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
P. V. Dolganov, A. S. Zverev, K. D. Baklanova, V. K. Dolganov
Summary: The study revealed that both droplet bridge and outer bridge can exist simultaneously during droplet coalescence, fundamentally changing the coalescence process. This leads to a decrease in outer bridge size, an increase in droplet bridge size, and ultimately the formation of satellite droplets.
Article
Mechanics
Sami C. C. Al-Izzi, Richard G. G. Morris
Summary: In this paper, morphodynamic equations governing the behavior of active nematic fluids on deformable curved surfaces are constructed in the large deformation limit. Objective rates are formulated to account for normal deformations while ensuring that tangential flows are Eulerian, and the surface derivative is used in the nematic free energy to couple local order to out-of-plane bending of the surface. Several illustrative instabilities are characterized by focusing on surface geometry and its dynamical interplay with hydrodynamics.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jaka Zaplotnik, Jaka Pisljar, Miha Skarabot, Miha Ravnik
Summary: Supervised machine learning and artificial neural network approaches are used to determine material parameters and structures without knowing the exact mathematical relationship between them. The neural network is trained using simulated relaxation data and transmittance data to accurately predict elastic constants and initial structural material configurations. Furthermore, the neural network can also accurately determine elastic constants from experimentally measured data.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Izabela Sliwa, Pavel V. Maslennikov, Alex V. Zakharov
Summary: This article describes the physical mechanism behind the appearance of traveling and nontraveling distortions in a microsized homogeneously aligned nematic film under the effect of a large electric field. Numerical studies reveal that the director's field may experience a traveling distortion wave in response to the electric field, with the rate of distortion depending on the magnitude of the applied field.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Vitaly P. Panov, Jiseon Yang, L. K. Migara, Hyun-Jin Yoon, Jang-Kun Song
Summary: We report on the waveform-induced rotation-time symmetry breaking in liquid crystal director motion and explore its existence in the space of waveform parameters. The possibility of utilizing this system, which exhibits both spatial and temporal long-range order, as a modeling tool for experimental studies on discrete time crystals is discussed.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jonathan Colen, Ming Han, Rui Zhang, Steven A. Redford, Linnea M. Lemma, Link Morgan, Paul Ruijgrok, Raymond Adkins, Zev Bryant, Zvonimir Dogic, Margaret L. Gardel, Juan J. de Pablo, Vincenzo Vitelli
Summary: The study shows that neural networks can predict the spatiotemporal variations of multiple hydrodynamic parameters and the chaotic dynamics of the system using active nematics; it can forecast the evolution of many-body systems solely from image sequences and machine-learning algorithms inspired by physics outperform deterministic simulations in experimental setups.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ewan Cruickshank, Rebecca Walker, John M. D. Storey, Corrie T. Imrie
Summary: This article reports the synthesis and characterization of two series of low molar mass liquid crystals in order to investigate the influence of a lateral alkyloxy chain on the formation and stability of ferroelectric nematic phase. The two series differ by the addition of a fluorine substituent. The members of both series exhibit different phase transitions depending on the length of the lateral chain, with a reduction in nematic-isotropic transition temperature and an increase in ferroelectric nematic-nematic or isotropic transition temperature observed as the chain length increases. These findings suggest that the lateral alkyloxy chain adopts specific conformations that affect the mesophase behavior.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alvin Modin, Biswarup Ash, Kelsey Ishimoto, Robert L. Leheny, Francesca Serra, Hillel Aharoni
Summary: This study introduces a theoretical framework to quantitatively predict the connectivity and shape of disclination lines in liquid crystals. Through experimental testing and computer simulations, it is found that certain parameters can tune the curvature of disclination lines. This research provides a powerful method to understand and control defect lines in liquid crystals.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Russell K. W. Spencer, Bae-Yeun Ha, Nima Saeidi
Summary: This study presents a self-consistent field theory (SCFT) of chiral-nematic polymers, taking into account polymer flexibility and the orientational degrees of freedom. A phase diagram is constructed, showing the regions of stability for isotropic, nematic, and cholesteric phases. Furthermore, it is discovered that nematic interactions can stabilize the cholesteric phase.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Seok Lyul Lee, MinSu Kim, DaYeon Lee, Yi-Hsin Lin, Seung Hee Lee
Summary: This study proposes an encapsulated LC fabricated by oil-in-water encapsulation, which effectively increases the filling factor of LCs and achieves the preparation of a thin-composite film with fast response time and hysteresis-free electro-optic behavior. The proposed encapsulated LC device has versatile applications.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Russell K. W. Spencer, Bae-Yeun Ha, Nima Saeidi
Summary: Many macromolecules in both biological and technological fields are chiral and semi-flexible. This study presents a method to study the formation of chiral nematic phases, offering a new approach to understanding the behavior of semi-flexible chiral-nematic polymers.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Biophysics
Claudia Tanja Mierke, Frank Sauer, Steffen Grosser, Stefanie Puder, Tony Fischer, Josef Alfons Kaes
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jessica S. Lorenz, Joerg Schnauss, Martin Glaser, Martin Sajfutdinow, Carsten Schuldt, Josef A. Kaes, David M. Smith
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tom Golde, Constantin Huster, Martin Glaser, Tina Haendler, Harald Herrmann, Josef A. Kaes, Joerg Schnauss
Article
Cell Biology
Doris Hilbig, Doreen Sittig, Franz Hoffmann, Sven Rothemund, Enrico Warmt, Marianne Quaas, Julia Stuermer, Liane Seiler, Ines Liebscher, Ngoc Anh Hoang, Josef A. Kaes, Lawrence Banks, Gabriela Aust
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Carlotta Ficorella, Rebeca Martinez Vazquez, Paul Heine, Eugenia Lepera, Jing Cao, Enrico Warmt, Roberto Osellame, Josef A. Kaes
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Mehrgan Shahryari, Heiko Tzschaetzsch, Jing Guo, Stephan R. Marticorena Garcia, Georg Boening, Uli Fehrenbach, Lisa Stencel, Patrick Asbach, Bernd Hamm, Joseph A. Kaes, Juergen Braun, Timm Denecke, Ingolf Sack
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hans Kubitschke, Benjamin Wolf, Erik Morawetz, Lars-Christian Horn, Bahriye Aktas, Ulrich Behns, Michael Hoeckel, Josef Kaes
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaspar-Josche Streitberger, Ledia Lilaj, Felix Schrank, Juergen Braun, Karl-Titus Hoffmann, Martin Reiss-Zimmermann, Josef A. Kaes, Ingolf Sack
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Joerg Schnauss, B. U. Sebastian Schmidt, Christina B. Brazel, Senol Dogan, Wolfgang Losert, Ulf Anderegg, Josef A. Kaes
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Olga Ilina, Pavlo G. Gritsenko, Simon Syga, Juergen Lippoldt, Caterina A. M. La Porta, Oleksandr Chepizhko, Steffen Grosser, Manon Vullings, Gert-Jan Bakker, Joern Starruss, Peter Bult, Stefano Zapperi, Josef A. Kaes, Andreas Deutsch, Peter Friedl
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Steffen Grosser, Jurgen Lippoldt, Linda Oswald, Matthias Merkel, Daniel M. Sussman, Frederic Renner, Pablo Gottheil, Erik W. Morawetz, Thomas Fuhs, Xiaofan Xie, Steve Pawlizak, Anatol W. Fritsch, Benjamin Wolf, Lars-Christian Horn, Susanne Briest, Bahriye Aktas, M. Lisa Manning, Josef A. Kas
Summary: The morphology of tissues, cells, and nuclei changes during tumor progression, with cancer cell motility correlating to a fluidization of tumor tissue. The degree of tissue fluidity in 3D is found to correlate with elongated cell and nucleus shapes. Two active states of matter, amorphous glasslike and disordered fluid, are observed in solid tumors, with cell and nucleus shape potentially serving as markers for metastatic potential in personalized cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Ivonne Nel, Erik W. Morawetz, Dimitrij Tschodu, Josef A. Kas, Bahriye Aktas
Summary: This study focused on the mechanical characterization of circulating non-hematopoietic cells from breast cancer patients to evaluate its utility for CTC detection. Results showed that CTCs have significantly different mechanical fingerprints compared to healthy white blood cells, and the mechanical fingerprint may be an appropriate tool for marker-free CTC detection.
Correction
Chemistry, Physical
Tom Golde, Martin Glaser, Cary Tutmarc, Iman Elbalasy, Constantin Huster, Gaizka Busteros, David M. Smith, Harald Herrmann, Josef A. Kaes, Joerg Schnauss
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tom Golde, Martin Glaser, Cary Tutmarc, Iman Elbalasy, Constantin Huster, Gaizka Busteros, David M. Smith, Harald Herrmann, Josef A. Kaes, Joerg Schnauss
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Frank Sauer, Linda Oswald, Angela Ariza de Schellenberger, Heiko Tzschaetzsch, Felix Schrank, Tony Fischer, Juergen Braun, Claudia Tanja Mierke, Rustem Valiullin, Ingolf Sack, Josef Alfons Kaes