Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Lee Jinwoo
Summary: When a system is in equilibrium, external perturbations result in nonequilibrium distributions. Recent experiments have shown that these nonequilibrium data can contain critical information. Jinwoo and Tanaka mathematically prove that the nonequilibrium free energy profile of a process is connected to Jarzynski's work, which dissipates while molecules perform their tasks. We verify this fact numerically and provide an example of RNA translocation analysis using a computer simulation, confirming the efficiency of the process.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Sourabh Lahiri, Subhashish Banerjee, A. M. Jayannavar
Summary: Work fluctuation theorems are significant achievements in nonequilibrium Statistical Physics, with recent interest in quantum regimes with generalized measurements. Studies show that in the framework of generalized measurements, the original form of the Jarzynski equality is not exact, but deviations are small and can deduce an approximate effective temperature of the thermal bath. In the limit of projective measurements, the exact form of work fluctuation theorems is recovered.
QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Qi Gao, Hyun-Myung Chun, Jordan M. Horowitz
Summary: We analyze the static response to perturbations of nonequilibrium steady states modeled as one-dimensional diffusions on the circle. We demonstrate that arbitrary perturbations can be decomposed into combinations of three specific classes of perturbations that can be effectively addressed individually. For each class, we derive simple formulas that quantitatively characterize the response in terms of the strength of nonequilibrium driving, valid even far from equilibrium.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hong Gong, Yao Wang, Xiao Zheng, Rui-Xue Xu, YiJing Yan
Summary: In this work, we develop a method based on the dissipaton-equation-of-motion theory to evaluate the work distributions in quantum impurity system-bath mixing processes with non-Markovian and strong couplings. Our results accurately reproduce the Jarzynski equality and Crooks relation and provide rich information on large deviation.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Olga Movilla Miangolarra, Rui Fu, Amirhossein Taghvaei, Yongxin Chen, Tryphon T. Georgiou
Summary: The study investigates thermodynamic processes in contact with a heat bath with arbitrary time-varying periodic temperature profile. It derives explicit bounds and optimal control protocols for thermodynamic engines in order to achieve maximum power and efficiency at any specified level of power.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Juan Martinez-Sykora, Jaime de la Cruz Rodriguez, Milan Gosic, Alberto Sainz Dalda, Viggo H. Hansteen, Bart De Pontieu
Summary: In this study, we investigate the heating of the chromosphere in internetwork regions using high-resolution simulations and observations from the IRIS. By incorporating ambipolar diffusion and nonequilibrium hydrogen ionization in the numerical model, we find that the energy of the magnetic field is dissipated in the upper chromosphere, leading to a significant temperature increase. The comparison between synthesized Mg ii profiles and IRIS observations shows a better correspondence when ambipolar diffusion and nonequilibrium ionization effects are included, although some differences still remain.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Toshihiro Matsuo, Akihiko Sonoda
Summary: We investigate entropy production in finitely slow transitions between nonequilibrium steady states in Markov jump processes. We use the improved adiabatic approximation method to obtain nonadiabatic corrections and analyze two types of excess entropy production. Numerical study is conducted on a two-state system.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Markus Rademacher, Michael Konopik, Maxime Debiossac, David Grass, Eric Lutz, Nikolai Kiesel
Summary: This study verifies the validity of fluctuation theorems in the presence of simultaneous mechanical and thermal changes by implementing fast and controlled temperature variations using feedback cooling techniques.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Antonio Suma, Vincenzo Carnevale, Cristian Micheletti
Summary: Using theory and simulations, the authors studied DNA unzipping via nanopore translocation and found three dynamical regimes depending on the applied force. They showed that the normal regime can be modeled as a one-dimensional stochastic process and used the theory of stochastic processes to recover the free-energy landscape. This approach can be applied to other single-molecule systems with periodic potentials to obtain detailed free-energy landscapes from out-of-equilibrium trajectories.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Izaak Neri
Summary: We have derived universal thermodynamic inequalities that restrict the moments of first-passage times of stochastic currents in non-equilibrium stationary states of Markov jump processes. These inequalities describe a tradeoff between speed, uncertainty, and dissipation in non-equilibrium processes.
Article
Optics
Zhiqiang Huang
Summary: This paper extends the fluctuation theorems used for quantum channels to multitime processes, showing that the given entropy production can be equal to the result of a closed system environment. The correlations between the system and the environment in multitime processes can affect the fluctuation theorem results.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Gianluca Francica
Summary: This article discusses the significance of fluctuation theorems in nonequilibrium thermodynamics, derives a thermodynamic uncertainty relation, and examines the relationship between this relation and the correlation between entropy and observables.
Article
Optics
Kehui Li, David C. Spierings, Aephraim M. Steinberg
Summary: Adiabatic rapid passage (ARP) is a powerful technique for efficient transfer of population between quantum states. The efficiency of ARP is often limited by noise on either the energies of the states or the frequency of the driving field. In this study, we investigate the dependence of the efficiency of population transfer on the frequency and amplitude of the perturbation and provide intuitive principles for when ARP becomes inefficient within this model, along with a sufficient condition for the population transfer to be above an arbitrary threshold.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Steven J. Large, David A. Sivak
Summary: Quantifying energy flow within fluctuating nanoscale systems is challenging, and coarse graining simplifies system description but introduces hidden contributions that complicate thermodynamics. A thermodynamically consistent theory for describing excess power in autonomous systems is developed, along with a phenomenological framework to quantify hidden excess power. The theoretical predictions are confirmed in numerical simulations of molecular transport and rotary motors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
P. Hack, C. Lindig-Leon, S. Gottwald, D. A. Braun
Summary: The application of thermodynamic reasoning in the study of learning systems has a long tradition. Recently, new tools relating perfect thermodynamic adaptation to the adaptation process have been developed. These results, known as fluctuation theorems, have been tested experimentally in several physical scenarios and shown to be valid under broad mathematical conditions. Although not experimentally challenged yet, they are presumed to apply to learning systems as well. In this study, the applicability of fluctuation theorems in human sensorimotor learning is tested, and the results suggest a consistency between human adaptive behavior and the predictions of fluctuation theorems.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
