☆ 4.7 Article

Turbulent thermalization process in heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2014)

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PHYSICAL REVIEW D

卷 89, 期 7, 页码 -

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AMER PHYSICAL SOC

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.074011

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Astronomy & Astrophysics Physics, Particles & Fields

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U.S. Department of Energy under DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
DFG
MWFK Baden-Wurttemberg (bwGRiD cluster)

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The nonequilibrium evolution of heavy-ion collisions is studied in the limit of weak coupling at very high energy employing lattice simulations of the classical Yang-Mills equations. Performing the largest classical-statistical simulations to date, we find that the dynamics of the longitudinally expanding plasma becomes independent of the details of the initial conditions. After a transient regime dominated by plasma instabilities and free streaming, the subsequent space-time evolution is governed by a nonthermal fixed point, where the system exhibits the self-similar dynamics characteristic of wave turbulence. This allows us to distinguish between different kinetic scenarios in the classical regime. Within the accuracy of our simulations, the scaling behavior found is consistent with the bottom-up thermalization scenario [ R. Baier, A. H. Mueller, D. Schiff, and D. T. Son, Phys. Lett. B 502, 51 ( 2001)].

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Mager, T. Mahmoud, A. Maire, M. Malaev, N. M. Malik, Q. W. Malik, S. K. Malik, L. Malinina, D. Mal'Kevich, D. Mallick, N. Mallick, G. Mandaglio, V Manko, F. Manso, V Manzari, Y. Mao, G. Margagliotti, A. Margotti, A. Marin, C. Markert, M. Marquard, N. A. Martin, P. Martinengo, J. L. Martinez, M. Martinez, G. Martinez Garcia, S. Masciocchi, M. Masera, A. Masoni, L. Massacrier, A. Mastroserio, A. M. Mathis, O. Matonoha, P. F. T. Matuoka, A. Matyja, C. Mayer, A. L. Mazuecos, F. Mazzaschi, M. Mazzilli, J. E. Mdhluli, A. F. Mechler, Y. Melikyan, A. Menchaca-Rocha, E. Meninno, A. S. Menon, M. Meres, S. Mhlanga, Y. Miake, L. Micheletti, L. C. Migliorin, D. L. Mihaylov, K. Mikhaylov, A. N. Mishra, D. Miskowiec, A. Modak, A. P. Mohanty, B. Mohanty, M. Mohisin Khan, M. A. Molander, Z. Moravcova, C. Mordasini, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, I Morozov, A. Morsch, T. Mrnjavac, V Muccifora, E. Mudnic, D. Muhlheim, S. Muhuri, J. D. Mulligan, A. Mulliri, M. G. Munhoz, R. H. Munzer, H. Murakami, S. Murray, L. Musa, J. Musinsky, J. W. Myrcha, B. Naik, R. Nair, B. K. Nandi, R. Nania, E. Nappi, A. F. Nassirpour, A. Nath, C. Nattrass, T. K. Nayak, R. Nayak, A. Neagu, A. Negru, L. Nellen, S. Nesbo, G. Neskovic, D. Nesterov, B. S. Nielsen, E. G. Nielsen, S. Nikolaev, S. Nikulin, V Nikulin, F. Noferini, S. Noh, P. Nomokonov, J. Norman, N. Novitzky, P. Nowakowski, A. Nyanin, J. Nystrand, M. Ogino, A. Ohlson, V. A. Okorokov, J. Oleniacz, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, M. H. Oliver, A. Onnerstad, C. Oppedisano, A. Ortiz Velasquez, T. Osako, A. Oskarsson, J. Otwinowski, M. Oya, K. Oyama, Y. Pachmayer, S. Padhan, D. Pagano, A. Palasciano, S. Panebianco, J. Park, J. E. Parkkila, S. P. Pathak, R. N. Patra, B. Paul, H. Pei, T. Peitzmann, X. Peng, L. G. Pereira, H. Pereira Da Costa, D. Peresunko, G. M. Perez, S. Perrin, Y. Pestov, V. Petracek, V Petrov, M. Petrovici, R. P. Pezzi, S. Piano, M. Pikna, P. Pillot, O. Pinazza, L. Pinsky, C. Pinto, S. Pisano, M. Planinic, F. Pliquett, M. G. Poghosyan, B. Polichtchouk, S. Politano, N. Poljak, A. Pop, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, J. Porter, V Pozdniakov, S. K. Prasad, R. Preghenella, F. Prino, C. A. Pruneau, I Pshenichnov, M. Puccio, S. Qiu, L. Quaglia, R. E. Quishpe, S. Ragoni, A. Rakotozafindrabe, L. Ramello, F. Rami, S. A. R. Ramirez, T. A. Rancien, R. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, S. S. Rasanen, R. Rath, I Ravasenga, K. F. Read, A. R. Redelbach, K. Redlich, A. Rehman, P. Reichelt, F. Reidt, H. A. Reme-ness, Z. Rescakova, K. Reygers, A. Riabov, V Riabov, T. Richert, M. Richter, W. Riegler, F. Riggi, C. Ristea, M. Rodriguez Cahuantzi, K. Roed, R. Rogalev, E. Rogochaya, T. S. Rogoschinski, D. Rohr, D. Rohrich, P. F. Rojas, S. Rojas Torres, P. S. Rokita, F. Ronchetti, A. Rosano, E. D. Rosas, A. Rossi, A. Roy, P. Roy, S. Roy, N. Rubini, O. Rueda, D. Ruggiano, R. Rui, B. Rumyantsev, P. G. Russek, R. Russo, A. Rustamov, E. Ryabinkin, Y. Ryabov, A. Rybicki, H. Rytkonen, W. Rzesa, O. A. M. Saarimaki, R. Sadek, S. Sadovsky, J. Saetre, K. Safarik, S. K. Saha, S. Saha, B. Sahoo, P. Sahoo, R. Sahoo, S. Sahoo, D. Sahu, P. K. Sahu, J. Saini, S. Sakai, M. P. Salvan, S. Sambyal, T. B. Saramela, D. Sarkar, N. Sarkar, P. Sarma, V. M. Sarti, M. H. P. Sas, J. Schambach, H. S. Scheid, C. Schiaua, R. Schicker, A. Schmah, C. Schmidt, H. R. Schmidt, M. O. Schmidt, M. Schmidt, N. Schmidt, A. R. Schmier, R. Schotter, J. Schukraft, K. Schwarz, K. Schweda, G. Scioli, E. Scomparin, J. E. Seger, Y. Sekiguchi, D. Sekihata, I Selyuzhenkov, S. Senyukov, J. J. Seo, D. Serebryakov, L. Serksnyte, A. Sevcenco, T. J. Shaba, A. Shabanov, A. Shabetai, R. Shahoyan, W. Shaikh, A. Shangaraev, A. Sharma, H. Sharma, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, S. Sharma, U. Sharma, A. Shatat, O. Sheibani, K. Shigaki, M. Shimomura, S. Shirinkin, Q. Shou, Y. Sibiriak, S. Siddhanta, T. Siemiarczuk, T. F. Silva, D. Silvermyr, T. Simantathammakul, G. Simonetti, B. Singh, R. Singh, R. Singh, R. Singh, V. K. Singh, V Singhal, T. Sinha, B. Sitar, M. Sitta, T. B. Skaali, G. Skorodumovs, M. Slupecki, N. Smirnov, R. J. M. Snellings, C. Soncco, J. Song, A. Songmoolnak, F. Soramel, S. Sorensen, I Sputowska, J. Stachel, I Stan, P. J. Steffanic, S. F. Stiefelmaier, D. Stocco, I Storehaug, M. M. Storetvedt, P. Stratmann, S. Strazzi, C. P. Stylianidis, A. A. P. Suaide, C. Suire, M. Sukhanov, M. Suljic, R. Sultanov, V Sumberia, S. Sumowidagdo, S. Swain, A. Szabo, I Szarka, U. Tabassam, S. F. Taghavi, G. Taillepied, J. Takahashi, G. J. Tambave, S. Tang, Z. Tang, J. D. Tapia Takaki, N. Tapus, M. G. Tarzila, A. Tauro, G. Tejeda Munoz, A. Telesca, L. Terlizzi, C. Terrevoli, G. Tersimonov, S. Thakur, D. Thomas, R. Tieulent, A. Tikhonov, A. R. Timmins, M. Tkacik, A. Toia, N. Topilskaya, M. Toppi, F. Torales-Acosta, T. Tork, A. G. Torres Ramos, A. Trifiro, A. S. Triolo, S. Tripathy, T. Tripathy, S. Trogolo, V Trubnikov, W. H. Trzaska, T. P. Trzcinski, A. Tumkin, R. Turrisi, T. S. Tveter, K. Ullaland, A. Uras, M. Urioni, G. L. Usai, M. Vala, N. Valle, S. Vallero, L. V. R. van Doremalen, M. van Leeuwen, P. Vande Vyvre, D. Varga, Z. Varga, M. Varga-Kofarago, M. Vasileiou, A. Vasiliev, O. Vazquez Doce, V. Vechernin, A. Velure, E. Vercellin, S. Vergara Limon, L. Vermunt, R. Vertesi, M. Verweij, L. Vickovic, Z. Vilakazi, O. Villalobos Baillie, G. Vino, A. Vinogradov, T. Virgili, V. Vislavicius, A. Vodopyanov, B. Volkel, M. A. Volkl, K. Voloshin, S. A. Voloshin, G. Volpe, B. von Haller, I Vorobyev, N. Vozniuk, J. Vrlakova, B. Wagner, C. Wang, D. Wang, M. Weber, R. J. G. Weelden, A. Wegrzynek, S. C. Wenzel, J. P. Wessels, S. L. Weyhmiller, J. Wiechula, J. Wikne, G. Wilk, J. Wilkinson, G. A. Willems, B. Windelband, M. Winn, W. E. Witt, J. R. Wright, W. Wu, Y. Wu, R. Xu, A. K. Yadav, S. Yalcin, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Yamakawa, S. Yang, S. Yano, Z. Yin, I-K Yoo, J. H. Yoon, S. Yuan, A. Yuncu, V Zaccolo, C. Zampolli, H. J. C. Zanoli, F. Zanone, N. Zardoshti, A. Zarochentsev, P. Zavada, N. Zaviyalov, M. Zhalov, B. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, V Zherebchevskii, Y. Zhi, N. Zhigareva, D. Zhou, Y. Zhou, J. Zhu, Y. Zhu, G. Zinovjev, N. Zurlo

Summary: We present the first measurement of event-by-event fluctuations in the kaon sector in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. Our results show the magnitude of fluctuations of the relative yields of neutral and charged kaons, as well as the relative yields of charged kaons, as a function of collision centrality and selected kinematic ranges. Comparison with predictions and further discussion suggest a possible production of disoriented chiral condensates in central Pb-Pb collisions.

PHYSICS LETTERS B (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Charm-meson t-channel singularities in an expanding hadron gas

Eric Braaten, Roberto Bruschini, Li-Ping He, Kevin Ingles, Jun Jiang

Summary: This study investigates the time evolution of the charm meson numbers in an expanding hadron gas produced by the hadronization of the quark-gluon plasma from heavy-ion collisions. The contributions from D* resonance and D-meson t-channel singularities to the reaction rates depend on thermal mass shifts and thermal widths. The t-channel singularities are regularized by the thermal D widths in the expanding hadron gas. After kinetic freeze-out, the thermal D widths are dominated by coherent pion forward scattering. The contributions from t-channel singularities to the pi D* reaction rates decrease with the pion number density, leading to small but significant changes in charm-meson ratios compared to those predicted by D*-decay branching fractions.

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Limits of thermalization in relativistic heavy ion collisions

Sourendu Gupta, Debasish Mallick, Dipak Kumar Mishra, Bedangadas Mohanty, Nu Xu

Summary: The goal of high energy heavy-ion collisions is to produce matter that can test non-perturbative aspects of strong interactions. By checking fluctuations of various conserved quantities, it is demonstrated that femto-scale systems can attain thermodynamic equilibrium. Higher collision energy indicates thermalization of femto-scale fireballs, while lower energy fireballs are not in thermodynamic equilibrium.

PHYSICS LETTERS B (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Enhancements of electron-positron pair production at very low transverse momentum in peripheral hadronic A plus A collisions

M. C. Guclu, M. Yilmaz Sengul

Summary: The STAR collaboration has observed an excess production of electron-positron pairs with low transverse momenta in gold-gold and uranium-uranium collisions, suggesting coherent photon-photon interactions in ultra-peripheral collisions. However, the current models are unable to explain this excess phenomenon.

PHYSICS LETTERS B (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

KS0KS0 and KS0K± femtoscopy in pp collisions at √s=5.02and 13 TeV

S. Acharya, D. Adamova, A. Adler, J. Adolfsson, G. Aglieri Rinella, M. Agnello, N. Agrawal, Z. Ahammed, S. Ahmad, S. U. Ahn, I Ahuja, Z. Akbar, A. Akindinov, M. Al-Turany, S. N. Alam, D. Aleksandrov, B. Alessandro, H. M. Alfanda, R. Alfaro Molina, B. Ali, Y. Ali, A. Alici, N. Alizadehvandchali, A. Alkin, J. Alme, G. Alocco, T. Alt, I Altsybeev, M. N. Anaam, C. Andrei, D. Andreou, A. Andronic, M. Angeletti, V Anguelov, F. Antinori, P. Antonioli, C. Anuj, N. Apadula, L. Aphecetche, H. Appelshaeuser, S. Arcelli, R. Arnaldi, I. C. Arsene, M. Arslandok, A. Augustinus, R. Averbeck, S. Aziz, M. D. Azmi, A. Badala, Y. W. Baek, X. Bai, R. Bailhache, Y. Bailung, R. Bala, A. Balbino, A. Baldisseri, B. Balis, D. Banerjee, Z. Banoo, R. Barbera, L. Barioglio, M. Barlou, G. G. Barnafoldi, L. S. Barnby, V Barret, C. Bartels, K. Barth, E. Bartsch, F. Baruffaldi, N. Bastid, S. Basu, G. Batigne, B. Batyunya, D. Bauri, J. L. Bazo Alba, I. G. Bearden, C. Beattie, P. Becht, I Belikov, A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria, F. Bellini, R. Bellwied, S. Belokurova, V Belyaev, G. Bencedi, S. Beole, A. Bercuci, Y. Berdnikov, A. Berdnikova, L. Bergmann, M. G. Besoiu, L. Betev, P. P. Bhaduri, A. Bhasin, I. R. Bhat, M. A. Bhat, B. Bhattacharjee, P. Bhattacharya, L. Bianchi, N. Bianchi, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biernat, A. Bilandzic, G. Biro, S. Biswas, J. T. Blair, D. Blau, M. B. Blidaru, C. Blume, G. Boca, F. Bock, A. Bogdanov, S. Boi, J. Bok, L. Boldizsar, A. Bolozdynya, M. Bombara, P. M. Bond, G. Bonomi, H. Borel, A. Borissov, H. Bossi, E. Botta, L. Bratrud, P. Braun-Munzinger, M. Bregant, M. Broz, G. E. Bruno, M. D. Buckland, D. Budnikov, H. Buesching, S. Bufalino, O. Bugnon, P. Buhler, Z. Buthelezi, J. B. Butt, A. Bylinkin, S. A. Bysiak, M. Cai, H. Caines, A. Caliva, E. Calvo Villar, J. M. M. Camacho, R. S. Camacho, P. Camerini, F. D. M. Canedo, F. Carnesecchi, R. Caron, J. Castillo Castellanos, E. A. R. Casula, F. Catalano, C. Ceballos Sanchez, P. Chakraborty, S. Chandra, S. Chapeland, M. Chartier, S. Chattopadhyay, S. Chattopadhyay, T. G. Chavez, T. Cheng, C. Cheshkov, B. Cheynis, V. Chibante Barroso, D. D. Chinellato, S. Cho, P. Chochula, P. Christakoglou, C. H. Christensen, P. Christiansen, T. Chujo, C. Cicalo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, M. R. Ciupek, G. Clai, J. Cleymans, F. Colamaria, J. S. Colburn, D. Colella, A. Collu, M. Colocci, M. Concas, G. Conesa Balbastre, Z. Conesa del Valle, G. Contin, J. G. Contreras, M. L. Coquet, T. M. Cormier, P. Cortese, M. R. Cosentino, F. Costa, S. Costanza, P. Crochet, R. Cruz-Torres, E. Cuautle, P. Cui, L. Cunqueiro, A. Dainese, M. C. Danisch, A. Danu, P. Das, P. Das, S. Das, S. Dash, A. De Caro, G. de Cataldo, L. De Cilladi, J. de Cuveland, A. De Falco, D. De Gruttola, N. De Marco, C. De Martin, S. De Pasquale, S. Deb, H. F. Degenhardt, K. R. Deja, R. Del Grande, L. Dello Stritto, W. Deng, P. Dhankher, D. Di Bari, A. Di Mauro, R. A. Diaz, T. Dietel, Y. Ding, R. Divia, D. U. Dixit, O. Djuvsland, U. Dmitrieva, J. Do, A. Dobrin, B. Donigus, A. K. Dubey, A. Dubla, S. Dudi, P. Dupieux, N. Dzalaiova, T. M. Eder, R. J. Ehlers, V. N. Eikeland, F. Eisenhut, D. Elia, B. Erazmus, F. Ercolessi, F. Erhardt, A. Erokhin, M. R. Ersdal, B. Espagnon, G. Eulisse, D. Evans, S. Evdokimov, L. Fabbietti, M. Faggin, J. Faivre, F. Fan, A. Fantoni, M. Fasel, P. Fecchio, A. Feliciello, G. Feofilov, A. Fernandez Tellez, A. Ferrero, A. Ferretti, V. J. G. Feuillard, J. Figiel, V Filova, D. Finogeev, F. M. Fionda, G. Fiorenza, F. Flor, A. N. Flores, S. Foertsch, S. Fokin, E. Fragiacomo, E. Frajna, A. Francisco, U. Fuchs, N. Funicello, C. Furget, A. Furs, J. J. Gaardhoje, M. Gagliardi, A. M. Gago, A. Gal, C. D. Galvan, P. Ganoti, C. Garabatos, J. R. A. Garcia, E. Garcia-Solis, K. Garg, C. Gargiulo, A. Garibli, K. Garner, P. Gasik, E. F. Gauger, A. Gautam, M. B. Gay Ducati, M. Germain, P. Ghosh, S. K. Ghosh, M. Giacalone, P. Gianotti, P. Giubellino, P. Giubilato, A. M. C. Glaenzer, P. Glaessel, E. Glimos, D. J. Q. Goh, V Gonzalez, L. H. Gonzalez-Trueba, S. Gorbunov, M. Gorgon, L. Gorlich, S. Gotovac, V Grabski, L. K. Graczykowski, L. Greiner, A. Grelli, C. Grigoras, V Grigoriev, S. Grigoryan, F. Grosa, J. F. Grosse-Oetringhaus, R. Grosso, D. Grund, G. G. Guardiano, R. Guernane, M. Guilbaud, K. Gulbrandsen, T. Gunji, W. Guo, A. Gupta, R. Gupta, S. P. Guzman, L. Gyulai, M. K. Habib, C. Hadjidakis, H. Hamagaki, M. Hamid, R. Hannigan, M. R. Haque, A. Harlenderova, J. W. Harris, A. Harton, J. A. Hasenbichler, H. Hassan, D. Hatzifotiadou, P. Hauer, L. B. Havener, S. T. Heckel, E. Hellbar, H. Helstrup, T. Herman, E. G. Hernandez, G. Herrera Corral, F. Herrmann, K. F. Hetland, H. Hillemanns, C. Hills, B. Hippolyte, B. Hofman, B. Hohlweger, J. Honermann, G. H. Hong, D. Horak, S. Hornung, A. Horzyk, R. Hosokawa, Y. Hou, P. Hristov, C. Hughes, P. Huhn, L. M. Huhta, C. Hulse, T. J. Humanic, H. Hushnud, L. A. Husova, A. Hutson, J. P. Iddon, R. Ilkaev, H. Ilyas, M. Inaba, G. M. Innocenti, M. Ippolitov, A. Isakov, T. Isidori, M. S. Islam, M. Ivanov, V Ivanov, V Izucheev, M. Jablonski, B. Jacak, N. Jacazio, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jadlovska, J. Jadlovsky, S. Jaelani, C. Jahnke, M. J. Jakubowska, A. Jalotra, M. A. Janik, T. Janson, M. Jercic, O. Jevons, A. A. P. Jimenez, F. Jonas, P. G. Jones, J. M. Jowett, J. Jung, M. Jung, A. Junique, A. Jusko, M. J. Kabus, J. Kaewjai, P. Kalinak, A. S. Kalteyer, A. Kalweit, V Kaplin, A. Karasu Uysal, D. Karatovic, O. Karavichev, T. Karavicheva, P. Karczmarczyk, E. Karpechev, V Kashyap, A. Kazantsev, U. Kebschull, R. Keidel, D. L. D. Keijdener, M. Keil, B. Ketzer, Z. Khabanova, A. M. Khan, S. Khan, A. Khanzadeev, Y. Kharlov, A. Khatun, A. Khuntia, B. Kileng, B. Kim, C. Kim, D. J. Kim, E. J. Kim, J. Kim, J. S. Kim, J. Kim, J. Kim, M. Kim, S. Kim, T. Kim, S. Kirsch, I Kisel, S. Kiselev, A. Kisiel, J. P. Kitowski, J. L. Klay, J. Klein, S. Klein, C. Klein-Boesing, M. Kleiner, T. Klemenz, A. Kluge, A. G. Knospe, C. Kobdaj, T. Kollegger, A. Kondratyev, N. Kondratyeva, E. Kondratyuk, J. Konig, S. A. Konigstorfer, P. J. Konopka, G. Kornakov, S. D. Koryciak, A. Kotliarov, O. Kovalenko, V Kovalenko, M. Kowalski, I Kralik, L. Kreis, M. Krivda, F. Krizek, K. Krizkova Gajdosova, M. Kroesen, M. Krueger, D. M. Krupova, E. Kryshen, M. Krzewicki, C. Kuhn, P. G. Kuijer, T. Kumaoka, D. Kumar, L. Kumar, N. Kumar, S. Kundu, P. Kurashvili, A. Kurepin, A. B. Kurepin, A. Kuryakin, S. Kushpil, J. Kvapil, M. J. Kweon, J. Y. Kwon, Y. Kwon, S. L. La Pointe, P. La Rocca, Y. S. Lai, A. Lakrathok, M. Lamanna, R. Langoy, K. Lapidus, P. Larionov, E. Laudi, L. Lautner, R. Lavicka, T. Lazareva, R. Lea, J. Lehrbach, R. C. Lemmon, I. Leon Monzon, E. D. Lesser, M. Lettrich, P. Levai, X. Li, X. L. Li, J. Lien, R. Lietava, B. Lim, S. H. Lim, V Lindenstruth, A. Lindner, C. Lippmann, A. Liu, D. H. Liu, J. Liu, I. M. Lofnes, V Loginov, C. Loizides, P. Loncar, J. A. Lopez, X. Lopez, E. Lopez Torres, J. R. Luhder, M. Lunardon, G. Luparello, Y. G. Ma, A. Maevskaya, M. Mager, T. Mahmoud, A. Maire, M. Malaev, N. M. Malik, Q. W. Malik, S. K. Malik, L. Malinina, D. Mal'Kevich, D. Mallick, N. Mallick, G. Mandaglio, V Manko, F. Manso, V Manzari, Y. Mao, G. Margagliotti, A. Margotti, A. Marin, C. Markert, M. Marquard, N. A. Martin, P. Martinengo, J. L. Martinez, M. Martinez, G. Martinez Garcia, S. Masciocchi, M. Masera, A. Masoni, L. Massacrier, A. Mastroserio, A. M. Mathis, O. Matonoha, P. F. T. Matuoka, A. Matyja, C. Mayer, A. L. Mazuecos, F. Mazzaschi, M. Mazzilli, M. A. Mazzoni, J. E. Mdhluli, A. F. Mechler, Y. Melikyan, A. Menchaca-Rocha, E. Meninno, A. S. Menon, M. Meres, S. Mhlanga, Y. Miake, L. Micheletti, L. C. Migliorin, D. L. Mihaylov, K. Mikhaylov, A. N. Mishra, A. Modak, A. P. Mohanty, B. Mohanty, M. Mohisin Khan, M. A. Molander, Z. Moravcova, C. Mordasini, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, I Morozov, A. Morsch, T. Mrnjavac, V Muccifora, E. Mudnic, D. Muehlheim, S. Muhuri, J. D. Mulligan, A. Mulliri, M. G. Munhoz, R. H. Munzer, H. Murakami, S. Murray, L. Musa, J. Musinsky, J. W. Myrcha, B. Naik, R. Nair, B. K. Nandi, R. Nania, E. Nappi, A. F. Nassirpour, A. Nath, C. Nattrass, A. Neagu, A. Negru, L. Nellen, S. Nesbo, G. Neskovic, D. Nesterov, B. S. Nielsen, S. Nikolaev, S. Nikulin, V Nikulin, F. Noferini, S. Noh, P. Nomokonov, J. Norman, N. Novitzky, P. Nowakowski, A. Nyanin, J. Nystrand, M. Ogino, A. Ohlson, V. A. Okorokov, J. Oleniacz, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, M. H. Oliver, A. Onnerstad, C. Oppedisano, A. Ortiz Velasquez, T. Osako, A. Oskarsson, J. Otwinowski, M. Oya, K. Oyama, Y. Pachmayer, S. Padhan, D. Pagano, A. Palasciano, J. Pan, S. Panebianco, J. Park, J. E. Parkkila, S. P. Pathak, R. N. Patra, B. Paul, H. Pei, T. Peitzmann, X. Peng, L. G. Pereira, H. Pereira DaCosta, D. Peresunko, G. M. Perez, S. Perrin, Y. Pestov, V. Petracek, M. Petrovici, R. P. Pezzi, S. Piano, M. Pikna, P. Pillot, O. Pinazza, L. Pinsky, C. Pinto, S. Pisano, M. Planinic, F. Pliquett, M. G. Poghosyan, B. Polichtchouk, S. Politano, N. Poljak, A. Pop, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, J. Porter, V Pozdniakov, S. K. Prasad, R. Preghenella, F. Prino, C. A. Pruneau, I Pshenichnov, M. Puccio, S. Qiu, L. Quaglia, R. E. Quishpe, S. Ragoni, A. Rakotozafindrabe, L. Ramello, F. Rami, S. A. R. Ramirez, A. G. T. Ramos, T. A. Rancien, R. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, S. S. Rasanen, R. Rath, I Ravasenga, K. F. Read, A. R. Redelbach, K. Redlich, A. Rehman, P. Reichelt, F. Reidt, H. A. Reme-ness, Z. Rescakova, K. Reygers, A. Riabov, V Riabov, T. Richert, M. Richter, W. Riegler, F. Riggi, C. Ristea, M. Rodriguez Cahuantzi, K. Roed, R. Rogalev, E. Rogochaya, T. S. Rogoschinski, D. Rohr, D. Rohrich, P. F. Rojas, S. Rojas Torres, P. S. Rokita, F. Ronchetti, A. Rosano, E. D. Rosas, A. Rossi, A. Roy, P. Roy, S. Roy, N. Rubini, O. Rueda, D. Ruggiano, R. Rui, B. Rumyantsev, P. G. Russek, R. Russo, A. Rustamov, E. Ryabinkin, Y. Ryabov, A. Rybicki, H. Rytkonen, W. Rzesa, O. A. M. Saarimaki, R. Sadek, S. Sadovsky, J. Saetre, K. Safarik, S. K. Saha, S. Saha, B. Sahoo, P. Sahoo, R. Sahoo, S. Sahoo, D. Sahu, P. K. Sahu, J. Saini, S. Sakai, M. P. Salvan, S. Sambyal, V Samsonov, T. B. Saramela, D. Sarkar, N. Sarkar, P. Sarma, V. M. Sarti, M. H. P. Sas, J. Schambach, H. S. Scheid, C. Schiaua, R. Schicker, A. Schmah, C. Schmidt, H. R. Schmidt, M. O. Schmidt, M. Schmidt, N. Schmidt, A. R. Schmier, R. Schotter, J. Schukraft, K. Schwarz, K. Schweda, G. Scioli, E. Scomparin, J. E. Seger, Y. Sekiguchi, D. Sekihata, I Selyuzhenkov, S. Senyukov, J. J. Seo, D. Serebryakov, A. Sevcenco, T. J. Shaba, A. Shabanov, A. Shabetai, R. Shahoyan, W. Shaikh, A. Shangaraev, A. Sharma, H. Sharma, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, S. Sharma, U. Sharma, A. Shatat, O. Sheibani, K. Shigaki, M. Shimomura, S. Shirinkin, Q. Shou, Y. Sibiriak, S. Siddhanta, T. Siemiarczuk, T. F. Silva, D. Silvermyr, T. Simantathammakul, G. Simonetti, B. Singh, R. Singh, R. Singh, R. Singh, V. K. Singh, V Singhal, T. Sinha, B. Sitar, M. Sitta, T. B. Skaali, G. Skorodumovs, M. Slupecki, N. Smirnov, R. J. M. Snellings, C. Soncco, J. Song, A. Songmoolnak, F. Soramel, S. Sorensen, I Sputowska, J. Stachel, I Stan, P. J. Steffanic, S. F. Stiefelmaier, D. Stocco, I Storehaug, M. M. Storetvedt, P. Stratmann, C. P. Stylianidis, A. A. P. Suaide, C. Suire, M. Sukhanov, M. Suljic, R. Sultanov, V Sumberia, S. Sumowidagdo, S. Swain, A. Szabo, I Szarka, U. Tabassam, S. F. Taghavi, G. Taillepied, J. Takahashi, G. J. Tambave, S. Tang, Z. Tang, J. D. Tapia Takaki, M. Tarhini, M. G. Tarzila, A. Tauro, G. Tejeda Munoz, A. Telesca, L. Terlizzi, C. Terrevoli, G. Tersimonov, S. Thakur, D. Thomas, R. Tieulent, A. Tikhonov, A. R. Timmins, M. Tkacik, A. Toia, N. Topilskaya, M. Toppi, F. Torales-Acosta, T. Tork, A. Trifiro, S. Tripathy, T. Tripathy, S. Trogolo, V Trubnikov, W. H. Trzaska, T. P. Trzcinski, A. Tumkin, R. Turrisi, T. S. Tveter, K. Ullaland, A. Uras, M. Urioni, G. L. Usai, M. Vala, N. Valle, S. Vallero, L. V. R. van Doremalen, M. van Leeuwen, P. Vande Vyvre, D. Varga, Z. Varga, M. Varga-Kofarago, M. Vasileiou, A. Vasiliev, O. Vazquez Doce, V. Vechernin, A. Velure, E. Vercellin, S. Vergara Limon, L. Vermunt, R. Vertesi, M. Verweij, L. Vickovic, Z. Vilakazi, O. Villalobos Baillie, G. Vino, A. Vinogradov, T. Virgili, V. Vislavicius, A. Vodopyanov, B. Volkel, M. A. Volkl, K. Voloshin, S. A. Voloshin, G. Volpe, B. von Haller, I Vorobyev, N. Vozniuk, J. Vrlakova, B. Wagner, C. Wang, D. Wang, M. Weber, R. J. G. Weelden, A. Wegrzynek, S. C. Wenzel, J. P. Wessels, J. Wiechula, J. Wikne, G. Wilk, J. Wilkinson, G. A. Willems, B. Windelband, M. Winn, W. E. Witt, J. R. Wright, W. Wu, Y. Wu, R. Xu, A. K. Yadav, S. Yalcin, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Yamakawa, S. Yang, S. Yano, Z. Yin, I-K Yoo, J. H. Yoon, S. Yuan, A. Yuncu, V Zaccolo, C. Zampolli, H. J. C. Zanoli, N. Zardoshti, A. Zarochentsev, P. Zavada, N. Zaviyalov, M. Zhalov, B. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, V Zherebchevskii, Y. Zhi, N. Zhigareva, D. Zhou, Y. Zhou, J. Zhu, Y. Zhu, G. Zinovjev, N. Zurlo

Summary: Femtoscopic correlations between the particle pair combinations (KSKS0)-K-0 and (KSK +/-)-K-0 are investigated in pp collisions at root s= 5.02 and 13 TeV using the ALICE experiment. The boson source parameters for both pair combinations are obtained by fitting models based on Gaussian size distributions to the measured two-particle correlation functions. The (KSKS0)-K-0 analysis incorporates quantum statistics and strong final-state interactions involving the f(0)(980) and a(0)(980) resonances, while the (KSK +/-)-K-0 analysis considers only the final-state interaction through the a(0) resonance. The extracted source parameters from this study are compared with previously published values from pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV, and the different pair combinations show consistency. The observed stronger correlation strength in (KSKS0)-K-0 suggests that the a(0) resonance could be a tetraquark state of the form (q(1), (q(2)) over bar, s, (s) over bar), where q(1) and q(2) are u or d quarks.

PHYSICS LETTERS B (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Polarization as a signature of local parity violation in hot QCD matter

F. Becattini, M. Buzzegoli, A. Palermo, G. Prokhorov

Summary: In this study, a method for measuring chirality imbalance in relativistic nuclear collisions using the helicity of final state baryons is proposed. The method does not require coupling to the electromagnetic field like the Chiral Magnetic Effect. It is shown that in the presence of chirality imbalance, spin 1/2 baryons and anti-baryons receive an additional contribution to their polarization along their momentum direction, which can be detected through studying azimuthal angular correlation.

PHYSICS LETTERS B (2021)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Ballistic diffusion of heavy quarks in the early stage of relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC

Jun-Hong Liu, Santosh K. Das, Vincenzo Greco, Marco Ruggieri

Summary: This study investigates the diffusion of charm quarks in the early stage of high energy nuclear collisions and introduces the concept of color current carried by heavy quarks. The impact of diffusion on the nuclear modification factor is calculated and analyzed, showing a memory effect of the color force acting on charm quarks.

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2021)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Universal self-similar dynamics of relativistic and nonrelativistic field theories near nonthermal fixed points

Asier Pineiro Orioli, Kirill Boguslavski, Jurgen Berges

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2015)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Nonequilibrium fixed points in longitudinally expanding scalar theories: Infrared cascade, Bose condensation, and a challenge for kinetic theory

J. Berges, K. Boguslavski, S. Schlichting, R. Venugopalan

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2015)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Universality Far from Equilibrium: From Superfluid Bose Gases to Heavy-Ion Collisions

J. Berges, K. Boguslavski, S. Schlichttng, R. Venugopalan

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2015)

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Article Physics, Particles & Fields

Heavy quark diffusion in an overoccupied gluon plasma

K. Boguslavski, A. Kurkela, T. Lappi, J. Peuron

JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (2020)

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Article Physics, Nuclear

Heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient in 3D gluon plasma

K. Boguslavski, A. Kurkela, T. Lappi, J. Peuron

Summary: The study investigates the heavy-quark momentum diffusion coefficient in far from equilibrium gluon plasma using real-time lattice techniques. Three methods are used for extraction, showing consistent results of the time evolution of the diffusion coefficient following an approximate t(-1/2) power law. The inclusion of infrared enhancement in the spectral reconstruction calculation significantly improves the agreement with data for transient time behavior, providing a gauge invariant confirmation of previously observed infrared enhancements.

NUCLEAR PHYSICS A (2021)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Spectral function of fermions in a highly occupied non-Abelian plasma

K. Boguslavski, T. Lappi, M. Mace, S. Schlichting

Summary: We have developed a non-perturbative method to obtain fermion spectral functions in a non-Abelian gauge theory with high occupation numbers. By applying this method, we extracted the spectral function of fermions in a highly occupied non-Abelian plasma near its non-thermal fixed point. The results show good agreement with hard loop perturbation theory and provide insights into the momentum dependence of the damping rate of collective excitations.

PHYSICS LETTERS B (2022)

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Article Physics, Particles & Fields

The imaginary part of the heavy-quark potential from real-time Yang-Mills dynamics

Kirill Boguslavski, Babak S. Kasmaei, Michael Strickland

Summary: In this study, the imaginary part of the heavy-quark potential was extracted using classical-statistical simulations, with comparisons made to continuum expressions and lattice perturbation theory calculations. The results showed little sensitivity to lattice spacing at small values of a certain variable, and quantified non-perturbative long-range corrections for large quark-antiquark separations. This work laid the groundwork for extracting the imaginary part of the heavy-quark potential in expanding non-equilibrium Yang-Mills plasma.

JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Physics, Particles & Fields

Broad excitations in a 2+1D overoccupied gluon plasma

K. Boguslavski, A. Kurkela, T. Lappi, J. Peuron

Summary: This research focuses on the excitations of far-from-equilibrium 2+1 dimensional gauge theories and finds that their structure is nontrivial and nonperturbative, leading to broad excitation peaks in spectral and statistical correlation functions. The absence of soft quasiparticles in these theories is demonstrated by the comparable width of these peaks to the frequency of soft excitations.

JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Gauge-invariant condensation in the nonequilibrium quark-gluon plasma

Juergen Berges, Kirill Boguslavski, Mark Mace, Jan M. Pawlowski

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2020)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Unraveling the nature of universal dynamics in O(N) theories

Kirin Boguslavski, Asier Pineiro Orioli

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2020)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Highly occupied gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions: A self-similar attractor

K. Boguslavski, A. Kurkela, T. Lappi, J. Peuron

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2019)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

SPECTRAL FUNCTION FOR OVEROCCUPIED GLUODYNAMICS FROM CLASSICAL LATTICE SIMULATIONS

K. Boguslavski, A. Kurkela, T. Lappi, J. Peuron

ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B (2019)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Spectral function for overoccupied gluodynamics from real-time lattice simulations

K. Boguslayski, A. Kurkela, T. Lappi, J. Peuron

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2018)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Attractive versus repulsive interactions in the Bose-Einstein condensation dynamics of relativistic field theories

J. Berges, K. Boguslavski, A. Chatrchyan, J. Jaeckel

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2017)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Large-N kinetic theory for highly occupied systems

R. Walz, K. Boguslavski, J. Berges

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2018)

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