Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chengyi Li, Bo-Qiang Ma
Summary: We present a scenario based on the space-time foam model from string/D-brane theory in which neutrinos can have linearly energy dependent speed variation and an asymmetry between neutrinos and antineutrinos, suggesting a potential violation of Lorentz and CPT symmetry for neutrinos. This scenario is supported by a phenomenological conjecture linking IceCube ultrahigh-energy neutrino events with gamma-ray bursts and is consistent with constraints imposed by energy-losing decay channels on superluminal neutrino velocities. We argue that violations of energy-momentum conservation during decay could explain the stable propagation of these neutrinos and the evasion of relevant constraints.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
T. Mariz, R. Martinez, J. R. Nascimento, A. Yu Petrov
Summary: This paper investigates the Lorentz-violating extended QED with nonminimal dimension-5 additive CPT-odd terms, focusing on the generation of CFJ term and its higher-derivative counterparts, demonstrating the vanishing of CFJ term in dimensional regularization and the elimination of higher-derivative divergent contributions by considering a given proportionality between coefficients.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
B. Altschul, L. C. T. Brito, J. C. C. Felipe, S. Karki, A. C. Lehurm, A. Yu. Petrov
Summary: In this work, we investigate a Lorentz-violating scalar quantum chromodynamics theory with an arbitrary non-Abelian gauge group, which falls under the class of models encompassed by the standard model extension framework. By calculating the divergent quantum corrections at the lowest order in the theory's Lorentz violation parameters, including the renormalization group β-functions, we demonstrate that the Lorentz-violating sector exhibits scale invariance when certain couplings satisfy a particular relation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jose A. Heras, Maria G. Osorno
Summary: The paper investigates relativistic transformations of temperature, and points out that the widely debated Planck-Einstein and Ott-Arzelies transformations do not satisfy the closure group property. It proposes new relativistic transformations of temperature that meet the closure requirement and suggests they can be interpreted as particular cases of directional temperature.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mingzhe Li, Haomin Rao, Yeheng Tong
Summary: This paper restores the local Lorentz symmetry of a gravity model by giving up the Weitzenbock condition on the spin connection, and applies the new version of the model to the universe with general Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background, obtaining some new results.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
J. Rysti, J. T. Makinen, S. Autti, T. Kamppinen, G. E. Volovik, V. B. Eltsov
Summary: The study shows that the formation of single- and half-quantum vortices during the transition to the polar phase of He-3 is exponentially suppressed when the length scale associated with the symmetry-breaking bias provided by the applied magnetic field is smaller than the Kibble-Zurek length. This demonstrates an experimentally feasible shortcut to adiabaticity, which is important for further understanding of phase transitions and for engineering applications such as quantum computers or simulators.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. A. Araujo Filho, J. A. A. S. Reis
Summary: In this study, the interaction of quantum gases in Lorentz-violating scenarios, considering both boson and fermion sectors, was investigated. Different operators were examined for their implications on the system, leading to varying effects in low and high-temperature regimes. Notably, even in the presence of Lorentz violation, the system exhibits extensive characteristics in terms of particle number, entropy, and energy.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Sapan Karki, Brett Altschul
Summary: This article investigates redundancies of description in effective quantum field theories that allow for the possibility of Lorentz symmetry violation. The study shows that different renormalization schemes may lead to different expressions for the renormalization group beta-functions, but the renormalization group scaling of physically observable quantities appears not to be affected by this scheme dependence.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Andres Gomez, A. Martin-Ruiz, Luis F. Urrutia
Summary: This study calculates the CPT odd contribution to the effective electromagnetic action arising from Lorentz invariance violation in a large class of fermionic systems using thermal field theory methods, focusing on corrections dependent on the chemical potential. The results are briefly applied to type-I tilted Weyl semimetals.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Carlos M. Reyes, Marco Schreck, Alex Soto
Summary: This study investigates the effects of diffeomorphism violation on the time evolution of the Universe and identifies background field configurations that lead to accelerated expansion stages. The findings provide insights into the technical incorporation of background fields into cosmological evolution equations.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Robertus Potting
Summary: In this study, we applied the principles of relativistic kinetic theory and the Boltzmann equation to particles with Lorentz-violating dispersion relations. We considered both classical (Maxwell-Boltzmann) and quantum (Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein) statistics. Our results showed that Boltzmann's H-theorem still holds when the entropy current is appropriately defined. We derived equilibrium solutions and identified the effects of Lorentz violation on various thermodynamic variables and Bose-Einstein condensation. Additionally, we investigated a scenario involving nonelastic collisions between multiple species of particles, which corresponds to chemical or nuclear reactions.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Rafael L. J. Costa, Rodrigo F. Sobreiro
Summary: In this work, we evaluate the Schwinger effect in the presence of Lorentz-violating background fields using the proper-time method. Specifically, we calculate the one-loop effective Lagrangian for the Lorentz-violating time-like vector background b(mu) and the pseudo-scalar m(5) in the pure electric case. The imaginary part of the effective Lagrangian is computed to determine the Schwinger effect, and comments on phenomenology are also provided.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. C. Araujo, R. V. Maluf
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of nonzero temperature on the differential cross-section for mesons scattering in a Lorentz-violating extension of the scalar electrodynamics. It is found that the corrections induced on the meson scattering are very large in the high-temperature regime, and temperature effects may contribute to new constraints on the Lorentz-violating parameters.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Emiliano Rizza, Dario Zappala
Summary: This paper discusses the behavior of (3+1)-dimensional Lifshitz-type anisotropic higher derivative scalar, fermion, and gauge field theories in the ultraviolet sector. By discarding momentum-dependent vertex operators, it is found that renormalizable self-interactions and Yukawa-like couplings are asymptotically free. However, cancelling momentum-dependent vertex operators is incompatible with gauge symmetry. Therefore, gauge symmetry and Lorentz symmetry are only recovered as emergent properties below a certain energy scale, which needs to be constrained by experiments. The quantum corrections to the scalar mass and their impact on the hierarchy problem are also analyzed.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Reza Moazzemi, Mohammad Mehdi Ettefaghi, Amirhosein Mojavezi
Summary: This study examines topological defects in the lambda phi(4) theory in (1+1) dimensions with a Lorentz-violating background, introducing a new Lorentz-violating term at the next-to-leading order. The lowest order term affects the kink properties significantly, leading to corrections in kink shape and mass. The quantization of the kink reveals that bound and continuum states are influenced by this Lorentz symmetry violation.