Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. Abe, K. Hiraide, N. Kato, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, K. Sato, H. Sekiya, T. Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, A. Takeda, B. S. Yang, N. Y. Kim, Y. D. Kim, Y. H. Kim, Y. Itow, K. Martens, A. Mason, M. Yamashita, K. Miuchi, Y. Takeuchi, K. B. Lee, M. K. Lee, Y. Fukuda, H. Ogawa, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Nishijima, K. Fushimi, B. D. Xu, K. Kobayashi, S. Nakamura
Summary: This paper reports various searches for weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter using the full data set of the XMASS-I detector. The study found limits on the WIMP-nucleon scattering cross section by analyzing the detector's fiducial volume. Additionally, a search for annual modulation signatures in the detector's whole target volume was conducted, and corresponding cross section limits were obtained.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yonatan Kahn, Tongyan Lin
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the direct detection of keV-GeV dark matter using condensed matter systems. The article discusses the challenges of achieving a kinematic match between light dark matter and the target, highlighting the importance of condensed matter physics. The review also covers the theoretical treatment of dark matter-nucleon and dark matter-electron interactions, as well as recent developments in detector technology.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. Aalbers, D. S. Akerib, A. K. Al Musalhi, F. Alder, S. K. Alsum, C. S. Amarasinghe, A. Ames, T. J. Anderson, N. Angelides, H. M. Araujo, J. E. Armstrong, M. Arthurs, A. Baker, J. Bang, J. W. Bargemann, A. Baxter, K. Beattie, P. Beltrame, E. P. Bernard, A. Bhatti, A. Biekert, T. P. Biesiadzinski, H. J. Birch, G. M. Blockinger, B. Boxer, C. A. J. Brew, P. Bras, S. Burdin, M. Buuck, R. Cabrita, M. C. Carmona-Benitez, C. Chan, A. Chawla, H. Chen, A. P. S. Chiang, N. I. Chott, M. V. Converse, A. Cottle, G. Cox, O. Creaner, C. E. Dahl, A. David, S. Dey, L. de Viveiros, C. Ding, J. E. Y. Dobson, E. Druszkiewicz, S. R. Eriksen, A. Fan, N. M. Fearon, S. Fiorucci, H. Flaecher, E. D. Fraser, T. Fruth, R. J. Gaitskell, J. Genovesi, C. Ghag, R. Gibbons, M. G. D. Gilchriese, S. Gokhale, J. Green, M. G. D. van der Grinten, C. B. Gwilliam, C. R. Hall, S. Han, E. Hartigan-O'Connor, S. J. Haselschwardt, S. A. Hertel, G. Heuermann, M. Horn, D. Q. Huang, D. Hunt, C. M. Ignarra, R. G. Jacobsen, O. Jahangir, R. S. James, J. Johnson, A. C. Kaboth, A. C. Kamaha, D. Khaitan, I. Khurana, R. Kirk, D. Kodroff, L. Korley, E. V. Korolkova, H. Kraus, S. Kravitz, L. Kreczko, B. Krikler, V. A. Kudryavtsev, E. A. Leason, J. Lee, D. S. Leonard, K. T. Lesko, C. Levy, J. Lin, A. Lindote, R. Linehan, W. H. Lippincott, X. Liu, M. I. Lopes, E. Lopez Asamar, B. Lopez Paredes, W. Lorenzon, C. Lu, S. Luitz, P. A. Majewski, A. Manalaysay, R. L. Mannino, N. Marangou, M. E. Mccarthy, D. N. Mckinsey, J. Mclaughlin, E. H. Miller, E. Mizrachi, A. Monte, M. E. Monzani, J. D. Morales Mendoza, E. Morrison, B. J. Mount, M. Murdy, A. St. J. Murphy, D. Naim, A. Naylor, C. Nedlik, H. N. Nelson, F. Neves, A. Nguyen, J. A. Nikoleyczik, I. Olcina, K. C. Oliver-Mallory, J. Orpwood, K. J. Palladino, J. Palmer, N. Parveen, S. J. Patton, B. Penning, G. Pereira, E. Perry, T. Pershing, A. Piepke, D. Porzio, S. Poudel, Y. Qie, J. Reichenbacher, C. A. Rhyne, Q. Riffard, G. R. C. Rischbieter, H. S. Riyat, R. Rosero, P. Rossiter, T. Rushton, D. Santone, A. B. M. R. Sazzad, R. W. Schnee, S. Shaw, T. Shutt, J. J. Silk, C. Silva, G. Sinev, R. Smith, M. Solmaz, V. N. Solovov, P. Sorensen, J. Soria, I. Stancu, A. Stevens, K. Stifter, B. Suerfu, T. J. Sumner, N. Swanson, M. Szydagis, R. Taylor, W. C. Taylor, D. J. Temples, P. A. Terman, D. R. Tiedt, M. Timalsina, Z. Tong, D. R. Tovey, J. Tranter, M. Trask, M. Tripathi, D. R. Tronstad, W. Turner, U. Utku, A. C. Vaitkus, A. Wang, J. J. Wang, W. Wang, Y. Wang, J. R. Watson, R. C. Webb, T. J. Whitis, M. Williams, F. L. H. Wolfs, S. Woodford, D. Woodward, C. J. Wright, Q. Xia, X. Xiang, J. Xu, M. Yeh
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the backgrounds important for the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment, confirming the limits on WIMP-nucleus interactions from its initial science run. The observed background rate in the low-energy region is significantly lower than that reported by the LUX experiment.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
X. Xiang, R. J. Gaitskell, R. Liu, J. Bang, J. Xu, W. H. Lippincott, J. Aalbers, J. E. Y. Dobson, M. Szydagis, G. R. C. Rischbieter, N. Parveen, D. Q. Huang, I Olcina, R. J. James, J. A. Nikoleyczik
Summary: Knowledge of the ionization and scintillation responses of liquid xenon (LXe) to nuclear recoils is crucial for LXe-based dark matter experiments. Current calibrations carry large uncertainties in the low-energy region below similar to 3 keV(nr) where signals from dark matter particles of < 10 GeV/c(2) masses are expected. In this paper, a method to quantify the uncertainties of low-energy LXe responses using published calibration data is described, followed by case studies to evaluate the impact of yield uncertainties on B-8 searches and low-mass dark matter sensitivity in a typical ton-scale LXe experiment. We conclude that naively omitting yield uncertainties leads to overly optimistic limits by a factor of similar to 2 for a 6 GeV weakly interacting massive particle mass. Future nuclear recoil light yield calibrations could allow experiments to recover this sensitivity and also improve the accuracy of solar B-8 flux measurements.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yonit Hochberg, Belina von Krosigk, Eric Kuflik, To Chin Yu
Summary: This study reveals the significant impact of dark Compton scattering, often neglected in absorption searches, on the mass reach and discovery potential of direct detection experiments at high bosonic cold dark matter masses. The research improves the expected reach across materials and places enhanced limits on dark matter parameter space using data from SuperCDMS, EDELWEISS, and GERDA experiments. The implications for detector design and analysis are outlined.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
P. Agnes, S. Albergo, I. F. M. Albuquerque, T. Alexander, A. Alici, A. K. Alton, P. Amaudruz, M. Arba, P. Arpaia, S. Arcelli, M. Ave, I. Ch Avetissov, R. Avetisov, O. Azzolini, H. O. Back, Z. Balmforth, V Barbarian, A. Barrado Olmedo, P. Barrillon, A. Basco, G. Batignani, A. Bondar, W. M. Bonivento, E. Borisova, B. Bottino, M. G. Boulay, G. Buccino, S. Bussino, J. Busto, A. Buzulutskov, M. Cadeddu, M. Cadoni, A. Caminata, E. Canesi, N. Canci, G. Cappello, M. Caravati, M. Cardenas-Montes, N. Cargioli, M. Carlini, F. Carnesecchi, P. Castello, A. Castellani, S. Catalanotti, V Cataudella, P. Cavalcante, S. Cavuoti, S. Cebrian, J. M. Cela Ruiz, B. Celano, S. Chashin, A. Chepurnov, C. Cicalo, L. Cifarelli, D. Cintas, F. Coccetti, V Cocco, M. Colocci, E. Conde Vilda, L. Consiglio, S. Copello, J. Corning, G. Covone, P. Czudak, M. D'Aniello, S. D'Auria, M. D. Da Rocha Rolo, O. Dadoun, M. Daniel, S. Davini, A. De Candia, S. De Cecco, A. De Falco, G. De Filippis, D. De Gruttola, G. De Guido, G. De Rosa, M. Della Valle, G. Della casa, S. De Pasquale, A. Derbin, A. Devoto, L. DiNoto, F. Di Eusanio, C. Dionisi, P. DiStefano, G. Dolganov, D. Dongiovanni, F. Dordei, M. Downing, T. Erjavec, S. Falciano, S. Farenzena, M. Fernandez Diaz, C. Filip, G. Fiorillo, A. Franceschi, D. Franco, E. Frolov, N. Funicello, F. Gabriele, C. Galbiati, M. Garbini, P. Garcia Abia, A. Gendotti, C. Ghiano, R. A. Giampaolo, C. Giganti, M. A. Giorgi, G. K. Giovanetti, M. L. Gligan, V. Goicoechea Casanueva, A. Gola, A. M. Goretti, R. Graciani Diaz, G. Y. Grigoriev, A. Grobov, M. Gromov, M. Guan, M. Guerzoni, M. Guetti, M. Gulino, C. Guo, B. R. Hackett, A. Hallin, M. Haranczyk, S. Hill, S. Horikawa, F. Hubaut, T. Hugues, E. Hungerford, An Ianni, V Ippolito, C. C. James, C. Jillings, P. Kachru, A. A. Kemp, C. L. Kendziora, G. Keppel, A. Khomyakov, A. Kish, I Kochanek, K. Kondo, G. Korga, A. Kubankin, R. Kugathasan, M. Kuss, M. La Commara, L. La Delfa, D. La Grasta, M. Lai, N. Lami, S. Langrock, M. Leyton, X. Li, L. Lidey, F. Lippi, M. Lissia, G. Longo, N. Maccioni, I. N. Machulin, L. Mapelli, A. Marasciulli, A. Margotti, S. M. Mari, J. Maricic, M. Marinelli, M. Martinez, A. D. Martinez Rojas, A. Martini, M. Mascia, M. Masetto, A. Masoni, A. Mazzi, A. B. McDonald, J. Mclaughlin, A. Messina, P. D. Meyers, T. Miletic, R. Milincic, R. Miola, A. Moggi, A. Moharana, S. Moioli, J. Monroe, S. Morisi, M. Morrocchi, E. N. Mozhevitina, T. Mroz, V. N. Muratova, A. Murenu, C. Muscas, L. Musenich, P. Musico, R. Nania, T. Napolitano, A. Navrer Agasson, M. Nessi, I Nikulin, J. Nowak, A. Oleinik, V Oleynikov, L. Pagani, M. Pallavicini, S. Palmas, L. Pandola, E. Pantic, E. Paoloni, G. Paternoster, P. A. Pegoraro, L. A. Pellegrini, C. Pellegrino, K. Pelczar, F. Perotti, V Pesudo, E. Picciau, F. Pietropaolo, T. Pinna, A. Pocar, P. Podda, D. M. Poehlmann, S. Pordes, S. S. Poudel, P. Pralavorio, D. Price, F. Raffaelli, F. Ragusa, A. Ramirez, M. Razeti, A. Razeto, A. L. Renshaw, S. Rescia, M. Rescigno, F. Resnati, F. Retiere, L. P. Rignanese, C. Ripoli, A. Rivetti, J. Rode, L. Romero, M. Rossi, A. Rubbia, M. Rucaj, G. M. Sabiu, P. Salatino, O. Samoylov, E. Sanchez Garcia, E. Sandford, S. Sanfilippo, V. A. Sangiorgio, V Santacroce, D. Santone, R. Santorelli, A. Santucci, C. Savarese, E. Scapparone, B. Schlitzer, G. Scioli, D. A. Semenov, B. Shaw, A. Shchagin, A. Sheshukov, M. Simeone, P. Skensved, M. D. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, B. Smith, A. Sokolov, R. Stefanizzi, A. Steri, S. Stracka, V Strickland, M. Stringer, S. Sulis, Y. Suvorov, A. M. Szelc, J. Z. Szucs-Balazs, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, T. N. Thorpe, A. Tonazzo, S. Torres-Lara, S. Tosti, A. Tricomi, M. Tuveri, E. Unzhakov, G. Usai, T. Vallivilayil John, S. Vescovi, T. Viant, S. Viel, Vishneva, R. B. Vogelaar, M. Wada, H. Wang, Y. Wang, S. Westerdale, R. J. Wheadon, L. Williams, Ma M. Wojcik, Ma Wojcik, X. Xiao, C. Yang, A. Zani, F. Zenobio, A. Zichichi, G. Zuzel, M. P. Zykova
Summary: Aria is a plant hosting a 350 m cryogenic isotopic distillation column, constructed in Italy for the purpose of reducing the isotopic abundance of 39Ar in underground argon used for dark matter searches. It is a key component of the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration's experimental program and has shown successful results in distillation of nitrogen isotopes with a prototype plant.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Andrea Gaspert, Pietro Giampa, David E. Morrissey
Summary: Experiments using liquid noble gases like argon and xenon are crucial for detecting weakly interacting massive particles as dark matter. However, as these experiments scale up, they will face new backgrounds from neutrino scattering. By combining data from independent argon and xenon experiments, significant improvements in sensitivity can potentially be achieved in large-scale experiments.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Katherine Freese, Irina Galstyan, Pearl Sandick, Patrick Stengel
Summary: Dark matter spikes surrounding black holes in our Galaxy are significant sites of dark matter annihilation that may produce detectable neutrino signals. This paper examines the association of 10 - 105M (R) black holes with dark matter spikes that formed in early minihalos and still exist in the Milky Way today, using neutrino data from the ANTARES and IceCube detectors. The study places constraints on the distribution of dark matter spikes and provides significant limits on the formation of the first generation of stars in early minihalos, stronger than previous limits from gamma-ray searches. The research also suggests that larger black holes could be remnants of Dark Stars and neutrino observations can constrain their properties.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Juan Herrero-Garcia, Riley Patrick, Andre Scaffidi
Summary: The paper applies modern machine learning techniques to dark matter direct detection, utilizing a convolutional variational autoencoder and a convolutional neural network in a semi-supervised manner for anomaly detection. The results show that the optimum performance is achieved when both unsupervised and supervised anomaly scores are considered together, and datasets with higher anomaly scores are deemed anomalous and require further investigation. These learning-focused anomaly detection methods have the potential to outperform likelihood-based methods.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ciaran A. J. O'Hare
Summary: The neutrino floor is a theoretical lower limit on WIMP-like dark matter models that are discoverable in direct detection experiments. It is commonly interpreted as the point at which dark matter signals become hidden underneath a remarkably similar-looking background from neutrinos. Different from the traditional methods, a new technique has been proposed to define the neutrino floor, which is free from arbitrary choices of experimental exposure and energy threshold.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
D. Baxter, I. M. Bloch, E. Bodnia, X. Chen, J. Conrad, P. Di Gangi, J. E. Y. Dobson, D. Durnford, S. J. Haselschwardt, A. Kaboth, R. F. Lang, Q. Lin, W. H. Lippincott, J. Liu, A. Manalaysay, C. McCabe, K. D. Mora, D. Naim, R. Neilson, I Olcina, M-C Piro, M. Selvi, B. von Krosigk, S. Westerdale, Y. Yang, N. Zhou
Summary: The paper proposes recommendations for presenting dark matter direct detection results, particularly for weak-scale dark matter searches, and provides a series of recommendations on applying the Profile Likelihood Ratio method to direct detection data. Additionally, updated recommendations for astrophysical parameters and relevant neutrino fluxes are provided.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
P. Agnes, I. F. M. Albuquerque, T. Alexander, A. K. Alton, M. Ave, H. O. Back, G. Batignani, K. Biery, V. Bocci, W. M. Bonivento, B. Bottino, S. Bussino, M. Cadeddu, M. Cadoni, F. Calaprice, A. Caminata, M. D. Campos, N. Canci, M. Caravati, N. Cargioli, M. Cariello, M. Carlini, V. Cataudella, P. Cavalcante, S. Cavuoti, S. Chashin, A. Chepurnov, C. Cicalo, G. Covone, D. D'Angelo, S. Davini, A. De Candia, S. De Cecco, G. De Filippis, G. De Rosa, A. V. Derbin, A. Devoto, M. D'Incecco, C. Dionisi, F. Dordei, M. Downing, D. D'Urso, M. Fairbairn, G. Fiorillo, D. Franco, F. Gabriele, C. Galbiati, C. Ghiano, C. Giganti, G. K. Giovanetti, A. M. Goretti, G. Grilli di Cortona, A. Grobov, M. Gromov, M. Guan, M. Gulino, B. R. Hackett, K. Herner, T. Hessel, B. Hosseini, F. Hubaut, E. V. Hungerford, An. Ianni, V. Ippolito, K. Keeter, C. L. Kendziora, M. Kimura, I. Kochanek, D. Korablev, G. Korga, A. Kubankin, M. Kuss, M. La Commara, M. Lai, X. Li, M. Lissia, G. Longo, O. Lychagina, I. N. Machulin, L. P. Mapelli, S. M. Mari, J. Maricic, A. Messina, R. Milincic, J. Monroe, M. Morrocchi, X. Mougeot, V. N. Muratova, P. Musico, A. O. Nozdrina, A. Oleinik, F. Ortica, L. Pagani, M. Pallavicini, L. Pandola, E. Pantic, E. Paoloni, K. Pelczar, N. Pelliccia, S. Piacentini, A. Pocar, D. M. Poehlmann, S. Pordes, S. S. Poudel, P. Pralavorio, D. D. Price, F. Ragusa, M. Razeti, A. Razeto, A. L. Renshaw, M. Rescigno, J. Rode, A. Romani, D. Sablone, O. Samoylov, E. Sandford, W. Sands, S. Sanfilippo, C. Savarese, B. Schlitzer, D. A. Semenov, A. Shchagin, A. Sheshukov, M. D. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, A. Sotnikov, S. Stracka, Y. Suvorov, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, A. Tonazzo, E. V. Unzhakov, A. Vishneva, R. B. Vogelaar, M. Wada, H. Wang, Y. Wang, S. Westerdale, M. M. Wojcik, X. Xiao, C. Yang, G. Zuzel
Summary: We propose a novel approach for dark matter search in the DarkSide-50 experiment using Bayesian Networks. Our approach incorporates the detector response model into the likelihood function, without assuming linearity or specific probability distribution functions. By expressing the problem in terms of Bayesian Networks, we have developed an inference algorithm based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Our approach not only provides information on the parameter of interest, but also allows for studying systematic variations of parameters on the final results.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Thomas Schwemberger, Tien-Tien Yu
Summary: With the advancement of low-threshold dark matter detectors, the recoil from solar neutrinos can be detected, providing an opportunity to explore neutrino properties. We predict an enhanced event rate of solar neutrino scattering in low-threshold DM detectors beyond the Standard Model interactions, focusing on specific detectors. By considering various neutrino interactions, we place constraints on the mass and couplings of each mediator and the neutrino magnetic moment using both current detectors and future projections. Our findings show significant improvements in constraints for vector and scalar mediators using low-threshold detectors.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
T. Pershing, D. Naim, B. G. Lenardo, J. Xu, J. Kingston, E. Mizrachi, V. Mozin, P. Kerr, S. Pereverzev, A. Bernstein, M. Tripathi
Summary: In this study, the scintillation and ionization yields of xenon recoils were measured up to 426 keV. The results show that xenon-based dark matter experiments can significantly increase their sensitivity to high-energy dark matter by including energy regions that were previously inaccessible.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Amit Bhoonah, Joseph Bramante, Brian Courtman, Ningqiang Song
Summary: Large panels of etched plastic are used on the Skylab Space Station and in the Ohya quarry near Tokyo to set limits on fluxes of cosmogenic particles and provide sensitivity for heavy dark matter interacting with nuclei. Revisiting prior dark matter bounds from Skylab, incorporating new factors, substantially narrows the mass range. An analysis of Ohya data covers part of the Skylab bound and excludes dark matter masses up to the Planck mass, with prospects for future searches discussed.