Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergio Davinelli, Alessandro Medoro, Mariano Intrieri, Luciano Saso, Giovanni Scapagnini, Jing X. Kang
Summary: The transcription factor NRF2 and its endogenous inhibitor KEAP1 are important for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Activation of NRF2 can provide cellular protection against age-related diseases. Recent studies have identified compounds, including omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their electrophilic derivatives, that may restore NRF2 function in aging cells. These findings suggest that n-3 PUFAs could be potential agents for preventing chronic diseases and restoring age-related NRF2 impairment.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dagmar Heydeck, Christoph Ufer, Kumar R. Kakularam, Michael Rothe, Thomas Liehr, Philippe Poulain, Hartmut Kuhn
Summary: The researchers created transgenic mice expressing human ALOX15 under the control of the aP2 promoter, which showed high expression in adipocytes, bone marrow cells, and peritoneal macrophages. The catalytic activity of the transgenic enzyme was confirmed through activity assays and plasma metabolite analysis. The aP2-ALOX15 mice exhibited gender-specific differences in body-weight kinetics compared to the wildtype controls.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ivana Djuricic, Philip C. Calder
Summary: Oxidative stress and inflammation are important contributors to chronic non-communicable diseases. Different types of fatty acids have varying effects on chronic diseases, with moderate intake of Ω-6 fatty acids lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and Ω-3 fatty acids helping to reduce inflammation levels.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pinyi Liu, Yanbing Wang, Ge Yang, Qihe Zhang, Lingbin Meng, Ying Xin, Xin Jiang
Summary: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced during bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber, play crucial roles in regulating inflammation, carcinogenesis, intestinal barrier function, and oxidative stress. Their signaling mechanisms involve histone acetylation promotion and activation of G-protein-coupled receptors. SCFAs have a wide range of positive effects and show high therapeutic potential in human-related diseases.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
You-Lian Chen, Yin-Jing Xie, Zhen-Mi Liu, Wei-Bu Chen, Ru Zhang, Hong-Xing Ye, Wei Wang, Xue-Yan Liu, Huai-Sheng Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that omega-3 fatty acids can protect against intestinal injury caused by sepsis by down-regulating miR-1-3p, resulting in reduced inflammation and oxidative stress levels. Additionally, miR-1-3p was found to down-regulate Notch3 to inactivate the Smad pathway, exacerbating intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Avila-Roman, Patricia Gomez-Villegas, Carla C. C. R. de Carvalho, Javier Vigara, Virginia Motilva, Rosa Leon, Elena Talero
Summary: The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is important in the progression of inflammatory diseases. Antioxidants that can scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative damage are crucial for prevention and treatment of these diseases. Haloarchaea, extremely halophilic microorganisms that live in high-salt environments, have unique compounds with bioactive properties that have not been fully explored. This study aims to assess the potential of haloarchaea as a new source of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laurent Dube, Schohraya Spahis, Karelle Lachaine, Andreanne Lemieux, Hanine Monhem, Sarah-Maude Poulin, Carolane Randoll, Eva Travaillaud, Nour-El-Houda Ould-Chikh, Valerie Marcil, Edgard Delvin, Emile Levy
Summary: Metabolic syndrome is a serious global public health issue with significant health risks, requiring alternative therapeutic options. Recent studies have shown increased interest in specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in regulating metabolic derangements.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maya Zachut, G. Andres Contreras
Summary: During the periparturient period, lipolysis in adipose tissue generates free radicals and triggers inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. In healthy cows, antioxidant defenses neutralize free radicals and resolve inflammation associated with remodeling. However, in cows with exacerbated lipolysis, oxidative stress impairs adipocyte response to insulin.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anthony D. Pisaniello, Peter J. Psaltis, Peta M. King, Ge Liu, Robert A. Gibson, Joanne Tm Tan, MyNgan Duong, Tracy Nguyen, Christina A. Bursill, Matthew Worthley, Stephen J. Nicholls, Belinda A. Di Bartolo
Summary: The study demonstrates that EPA supplementation is more effective than DHA in reducing acute and chronic vascular inflammation, providing a rationale for the cardiovascular benefit observed with high-dose omega-3 fatty acid administration.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lingling Jiang, Jianying Yan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of free fatty acids on mitochondrial oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The results showed that serum free fatty acids might play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia by enhancing mitochondrial oxidative stress damage.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hong-Yu Zou, Hui-Juan Zhang, Ying-Cai Zhao, Xiao-Yue Li, Yu-Ming Wang, Tian-Tian Zhang, Chang-Hu Xue
Summary: It has been reported that dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have therapeutic potential for preserving functional beta-cell mass. This study aimed to investigate the effect of n-3 PUFA deficiency on pancreatic injury and whether n-3 PUFA supplementation could prevent the development of pancreatic injury. The results showed that n-3 PUFA deficiency exacerbated streptozotocin-induced pancreas injury, but pre-intervention with DHA and EPA alleviated the damage by increasing insulin levels and reversing islet area.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta Fusco, Rosalba Siracusa, Enrico Gugliandolo, Alessio Filippo Peritore, Ramona D'Amico, Marika Cordaro, Rosalia Crupi, Daniela Impellizzeri, Chiara Gomiero, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Rosanna Di Paola
Summary: The study shows that PEA/RUT administration can effectively reduce inflammatory cell infiltration, oxidative stress, and cytokine expression during vascular injury, indicating its potential in mitigating vascular damage.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhang Wei, Kang Pinfang, Zhou Jing, Yao Zhuoya, Qian Shaohuan, Shi Chao
Summary: This study investigates the effects of curcumin on diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating the AKT pathway and promoting the transfer of Nrf2 into the nucleus. Curcumin was found to inhibit cell pyroptosis by reducing reactive oxygen species accumulation and mitochondrial damage in diabetic myocardium. The protective effects of curcumin were diminished when the Nrf2 pathway was blocked. These findings suggest that curcumin has potential therapeutic effects in treating diabetic cardiomyopathy.
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yukihito Higashi
Summary: Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation play a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis, as vascular endothelial dysfunction leads to its progression and forms a vicious cycle with oxidative stress and inflammation.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Joseph Festa, Aamir Hussain, Zakia Al-Hareth, Harprit Singh, Mariasole Da Boit
Summary: Anthocyanins, a type of flavonoid polyphenols, have been studied for their potential in improving cardiovascular health and preventing endothelial dysfunction. However, their poor bioavailability raises questions about the role of their metabolites in the observed biological activity. Recent studies have used different models and concentrations to better understand the mechanisms of action of these compounds. The review highlights the need for further research on improving the bioavailability of the metabolites and exploring the effects of metabolites in mixtures.