Mapping the allowed parameter space for decaying dark matter models

I consider constraints on a phenomenological decaying dark matter model, in which two weakly interacting massive particle species have a small mass splitting, and in which the heavier particle decays to the lighter particle and a massless particle on cosmological time scales. The decay parameter space is parametrized by nu(k), the speed of the lighter particle in the center-of-mass frame of the heavier particle prior to decay, and the decay time tau. Since I consider the case in which dark matter halos have formed before there has been significant decay, I focus on the effects of decay on already formed halos. I show that the nu(k) - tau parameter space may be constrained by observed properties of dark matter halos. I highlight which set of observations is likely to yield the cleanest constraints on nu(k) - tau parameter space, and calculate the constraints in those cases in which the effect of decay on the observables can be calculated without N-body simulations of decaying dark matter. I show that for nu(k) greater than or similar to 5 x 10(3) km s(-1), the z = 0 galaxy cluster mass function and halo mass-concentration relation constrain tau greater than or similar to 40 Gyr, and that precise constraints on tau for smaller nu(k) will require N-body simulations.