Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
B. S. Hu, J. Padua-Arguelles, S. Leutheusser, T. Miyagi, S. R. Stroberg, J. D. Holt
Summary: This study presents converged ab initio calculations of structure factors for elastic spin-dependent WIMP scattering off various nuclei used in dark matter direct-detection searches, providing insights into WIMP-nucleon interactions and nuclear responses. The results are generally consistent with previous calculations, but significant uncertainties in I-127 underscore the need for further research.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Leah Jenks, Konstantinos Koutrolikos, Evan McDonough, Stephon Alexander, S. James Gates Jr
Summary: We investigate the contribution of higher spin particles in the signal of direct detection searches for dark matter. We consider a bosonic or fermionic higher spin dark matter (HSDM) candidate which interacts with the Standard Model via a dark U(1) mediator. For a particular subclass of interactions, spin-polarized targets may be used for spin determination, while the recoil energy dependence of the signal determines the spin.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hsiao-Yi Chen, Andrea Mitridate, Tanner Trickle, Zhengkang Zhang, Marco Bernardi, Kathryn M. Zurek
Summary: This paper focuses on a class of materials in which narrow band gaps naturally arise as a consequence of spin-orbit coupling. The scattering and absorption rates of dark matter-electron in these materials are computed using state-of-the-art density functional theory techniques. The inclusion of spin-orbit coupling effects can substantially alter the projected constraints for dark matter.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
C. -p. Liu, Chih-Pan Wu, Jiunn-Wei Chen, Hsin-Chang Chi, Mukesh K. Pandey, Lakhwinder Singh, Henry T. Wong
Summary: Detectors with low thresholds for electron recoil open a new window to direct searches of sub-GeV dark matter candidates. In this work, we study DM-atom scattering through a spin-dependent interaction at leading order using well-benchmarked atomic many-body calculations. Exclusion limits on the spin-dependent DM-electron cross section are derived with data from xenon and germanium detectors. The best limits set by the XENON1T experiment are comparable to the ones on DM-neutron and DM-proton at slightly bigger DM masses. The detector's responses to the spin-dependent and spin-independent interactions are analyzed.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Wenyu Wang, Lei Wu, Wen-Na Yang, Bin Zhu
Summary: Boosted dark matter is a promising method to probe light dark matter, but the spin-dependent case lacks a coherent treatment. In this study, we derive the spin-dependent scattering cross section for boosted dark matter and find that certain effects can enhance experimental sensitivity. We also find that the time component of the dark matter current and the residual momentum dependence in the quark-nucleon matching operation contribute significantly. Direct limits on sub-GeV spin-dependent scattering of boosted dark matter are derived from terrestrial data, showing significant deviations from nonrelativistic structure factors.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Wenyu Wang, Ke-Yun Wu, Lei Wu, Bin Zhu
Summary: Motivated by the constraints on spin-independent dark matter (DM)-nucleus scattering, this study investigates the spin-dependent interactions of light Majorana DM with nuclei mediated by an axial-vector boson. The exclusion limits on spin-dependent DM-nucleus scattering are derived using existing ionization data, with a lower limit on DM mass reaching several MeVs. The presence of a light mediator weakens the bounds on spin-dependent DM-nucleus scattering cross sections compared to a heavy mediator.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Muping Chen, Graciela B. Gelmini, Volodymyr Takhistov
Summary: The study introduces a halo-independent analysis method for inferring the properties of local dark matter halo velocity distribution from direct detection data without making any assumptions. This method, initially developed for dark matter scattering off nuclei, is demonstrated to also be applicable to scattering off electrons.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Haipeng An, Shuailiang Ge, Wen-Qing Guo, Xiaoyuan Huang, Jia Liu, Zhiyao Lu
Summary: We propose to search for ultralight dark photon dark matter (DPDM) through the local absorption at different radio telescopes, as the local DPDM can induce harmonic oscillations of electrons inside the antenna of radio telescopes, leading to a monochromatic radio signal that can be recorded by telescope receivers.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Ramtin Amintaheri
Summary: TeV-scale dark matter is well justified by the concept of naturalness, and the inclusion of higher-dimensional operators can effectively address theoretical and experimental issues. Furthermore, it is found that next generation large-exposure experiments have the potential to fully probe these dark matter particles.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jun-Sung Moon, Jounghun Lee
Summary: A numerical detection of the radius-dependent spin transition of dark matter halos is reported. The halo spin vectors in the high-mass section exhibit a transition from the Tweb intermediate to major principal axes as they are measured at more inner radii. This transition depends on the smoothing scale, R(f). Additionally, the vorticity vectors show a critical difference from the spins.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jin-Wei Wang, Alessandro Granelli, Piero Ullio
Summary: We investigate the potential of relativistic protons in the jets of blazars to boost the surrounding dark matter particles to high energies through elastic collisions. By focusing on two sample blazars, namely TXS 0506 + 056 and BL Lacertae, we find that the induced dark matter flux at Earth could be significant and surpasses the flux associated with dark matter boosted by galactic cosmic rays. This becomes relevant for the direct detection of light dark matter particles with masses lighter than 1 GeV, as demonstrated by the null detection of a signal by XENON1T, MiniBooNE, and Borexino.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
G. Angloher, G. Benato, A. Bento, E. Bertoldo, A. Bertolini, R. Breier, C. Bucci, L. Canonica, A. D'Addabbo, S. Di Lorenzo, L. Einfalt, A. Erb, F. von Feilitzsch, N. Ferreiro Iachellini, S. Fichtinger, D. Fuchs, A. Fuss, A. Garai, V. M. Ghete, P. Gorla, S. Gupta, D. Hauff, M. Jeskovsky, J. Jochum, M. Kaznacheeva, A. Kinast, H. Kluck, H. Kraus, A. Langenkaemper, M. Mancuso, L. Marini, V Mokina, A. Nilima, M. Olmi, T. Ortmann, C. Pagliarone, V Palusova, L. Pattavina, F. Petricca, W. Potzel, P. Povinec, F. Proebst, F. Pucci, F. Reindl, J. Rothe, K. Schaeffner, J. Schieck, D. Schmiedmayer, S. Schoenert, C. Schwertner, M. Stahlberg, L. Stodolsky, C. Strandhagen, R. Strauss, I Usherov, F. Wagner, M. Willers, V Zema
Summary: CRESST is a significant experiment for detecting dark matter particles with subGeV/c(2) mass. The experiment has the advantage of including various nuclides in the target material to study dark matter interactions. This study focuses on the interactions between dark matter particles and protons/neutrons of Li-6, enabled by new calculations on nuclear matrix elements. By analyzing data collected from a CRESST prototype using LiAlO2 at Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik in Munich, Germany, the inclusion of Li-6 in the limit calculation greatly improves the results for spin-dependent interactions with neutrons in the entire mass range.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Carlos Blanco, Rouven Essig, Marivi Fernandez-Serra, Harikrishnan Ramani, Oren Slone
Summary: We propose using commercially available quantum dots as novel targets to probe sub-GeV dark matter-electron interactions. Quantum dots are nanocrystals of semiconducting material suspended in solvent, and they can be efficient scintillators with high single-photon quantum yields. By tuning the characteristic size of the quantum dots, their band-edge electronic properties can be precisely controlled. An experimental setup using quantum dots and sensitive photodetectors can significantly improve on existing dark-matter bounds.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Debjyoti Bardhan, Supritha Bhowmick, Diptimoy Ghosh, Atanu Guha, Divya Sachdeva
Summary: The recoil threshold of direct detection experiments limits the mass range of detectable dark matter particles. Light dark matter particles can be boosted to high energies via collisions with cosmic ray electrons, allowing for detectable recoil. Using XENONnT and Super-Kamiokande data, we derive constraints on the scattering cross section of dark matter and electrons, considering vector and scalar mediators in different mass regimes. Our analysis highlights the importance of including energy-dependent cross sections, as the bounds can significantly differ from assuming a constant energy-independent cross section commonly used in the literature. We compare our bounds with other astrophysical and cosmological constraints.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Julien Billard, Mark Boulay, Susana Cebrian, Laura Covi, Giuliana Fiorillo, Anne Green, Joachim Kopp, Bela Majorovits, Kimberly Palladino, Federica Petricca, Leszek Roszkowski (Chair), Marc Schumann
Summary: This report provides a comprehensive review of the experimental programme of direct detection searches for particle dark matter. It emphasizes European efforts and highlights the importance of direct detection in confirming the nature of dark matter. The report also discusses scientific and technological synergies with other areas of particle physics and addresses infrastructure needs and challenges.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Timothy Cohen, Xiaochuan Lu, Zhengkang Zhang
Summary: The streamlined prescription developed simplifies the one-loop functional matching formalism, eliminating the need for a prior determination of an Effective Field Theory (EFT) operator basis. It can be applied to any relativistic UV theory that contains generic interactions among scalar, fermion, and vector fields, including derivative couplings. As an example application, it can be used to match the singlet scalar extended Standard Model (SM) onto SMEFT.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Ian Banta, Timothy Cohen, Nathaniel Craig, Xiaochuan Lu, Dave Sutherland
Summary: This study introduces a new class of beyond the Standard Model states called Loryons, which are characterized by their non-decoupling nature. The study focuses on the parameter space and constraints of Loryons, showing that most fermionic candidates are ruled out while the scalar Loryon parameter space remains open for discovery.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hind Al Ali, Nima Arkani-Hamed, Ian Banta, Sean Benevedes, Dario Buttazzo, Tianji Cai, Junyi Cheng, Timothy Cohen, Nathaniel Craig, Majid Ekhterachian, JiJi Fan, Matthew Forslund, Isabel Garcia Garcia, Samuel Homiller, Seth Koren, Giacomo Koszegi, Zhen Liu, Qianshu Lu, Kun-Feng Lyu, Alberto Mariotti, Amara McCune, Patrick Meade, Isobel Ojalvo, Umut Oktem, Diego Redigolo, Matthew Reece, Filippo Sala, Raman Sundrum, Dave Sutherland, Andrea Tesi, Timothy Trott, Chris Tully, Lian-Tao Wang, Menghang Wang
Summary: We present a comprehensive physics case for a future high-energy muon collider, exploring a range of collision energies and luminosities. The advantages of this collider over proposed alternatives are highlighted, and we demonstrate how the characteristics of muons and the surrounding electroweak radiation can blur the distinction between energy and precision in the search for new physics. Our findings have implications for electroweak symmetry breaking, dark matter, and the naturalness of the weak scale, and we establish connections with complementary experiments probing new physics effects using electric dipole moments, flavor violation, and gravitational waves.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Timothy Cohen, Joel Doss, Xiaochuan Lu
Summary: Effective Field Theory (EFT) is a tool to compute observables in particle physics. When searching for EFT effects at colliders, it is important to consider self-consistency. We propose a new approach that incorporates parton distribution functions into the analysis, and provide evidence for the validity of EFT predictions in certain parameter spaces.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Correction
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lina Necib, Bryan Ostdiek, Mariangela Lisanti, Timothy Cohen, Marat Freytsis, Shea Garrison-Kimmel, Philip F. Hopkins, Andrew Wetzel, Robyn Sanderson
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Timothy Cohen, Kara Farnsworth, Rachel Houtz, Markus A. Luty
Summary: Hamiltonian truncation is a method for calculating observables in quantum field theory, where the effective Hamiltonian is defined by integrating out high-energy states. The method is systematically treated using effective field theory and corrections are computed as an expansion in powers of 1/Emax. The corrections satisfy the property of separation of scales, as demonstrated in 2D lambda phi 4 theory.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Raymond T. Co, Keisuke Harigaya, Aaron Pierce
Summary: Complex scalar fields that rotate in the early universe may explain the observed perturbations in the universe and could exhibit detectable non-Gaussianity in future observations. This rotation can also explain the baryon asymmetry of the universe without producing excessive isocurvature perturbations.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Jonathan L. Feng, Felix Kling, Mary Hall Reno, Juan Rojo, Dennis Soldin, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Jamie Boyd, Ahmed Ismail, Lucian Harland-Lang, Kevin J. Kelly, Vishvas Pandey, Sebastian Trojanowski, Yu-Dai Tsai, Jean-Marco Alameddine, Takeshi Araki, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Kento Asai, Alessandro Bacchetta, Kincso Balazs, Alan J. Barr, Michele Battistin, Jianming Bian, Caterina Bertone, Weidong Bai, Pouya Bakhti, A. Baha Balantekin, Basabendu Barman, Brian Batell, Martin Bauer, Brian Bauer, Mathias Becker, Asher Berlin, Enrico Bertuzzo, Atri Bhattacharya, Marco Bonvini, Stewart T. Boogert, Alexey Boyarsky, Joseph Bramante, Vedran Brdar, Adrian Carmona, David W. Casper, Francesco Giovanni Celiberto, Francesco Cerutti, Grigorios Chachamis, Garv Chauhan, Matthew Citron, Emanuele Copello, Jean-Pierre Corso, Luc Darme, Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo, Neda Darvishi, Arindam Das, Giovanni De Lellis, Albert De Roeck, Jordy de Vries, Hans P. Dembinski, Sergey Demidov, Patrick DeNiverville, Peter B. Denton, Frank F. Deppisch, P. S. Bhupal Dev, Antonia Di Crescenzo, Keith R. Dienes, Milind Diwan, Herbi K. Dreiner, Yong Du, Bhaskar Dutta, Pit Duwentaester, Lucie Elie, Sebastian A. R. Ellis, Rikard Enberg, Yasaman Farzan, Max Fieg, Ana Luisa Foguel, Patrick Foldenauer, Saeid Foroughi-Abari, Jean-Francois Fortin, Alexander Friedland, Elina Fuchs, Michael Fucilla, Kai Gallmeister, Alfonso Garcia, Carlos A. Garcia Canal, Maria Vittoria Garzelli, Rhorry Gauld, Sumit Ghosh, Anish Ghoshal, Stephen Gibson, Francesco Giuli, Victor P. Goncalves, Dmitry Gorbunov, Srubabati Goswami, Silvia Grau, Julian Y. Guenther, Marco Guzzi, Andrew Haas, Timo Hakulinen, Steven P. Harris, Julia Harz, Juan Carlos Helo Herrera, Christopher S. Hill, Martin Hirsch, Timothy J. Hobbs, Stefan Hoche, Andrzej Hryczuk, Fei Huang, Tomohiro Inada, Angelo Infantino, Ameen Ismail, Richard Jacobsson, Sudip Jana, Yu Seon Jeong, Yongsoo Jho, Dmitry Kalashnikov, Timo J. Karkkainen, Cynthia Keppel, Jongkuk Kim, Michael Klasen, Spencer R. Klein, Pyungwon Ko, Dominik Koehler, Masahiro Komatsu, Karol Kovarik, Suchita Kulkarni, Jason Kumar, Karan Kumar, Jui-Lin Kuo, Frank Krauss, Aleksander Kusina, Maxim Laletin, Chiara Le Roux, Seung J. Lee, Hye-Sung Lee, Helena Lefebvre, Jinmian Li, Shuailong Li, Yichen Li, Wei Liu, Zhen Liu, Mickael Lonjon, Kun-Feng Lyu, Rafal Maciula, Roshan Mammen Abraham, Mohammad R. Masouminia, Josh McFayden, Oleksii Mikulenko, Mohammed M. A. Mohammed, Kirtimaan A. Mohan, Jorge G. Morfin, Ulrich Mosel, Martin Mosny, Khoirul F. Muzakka, Pavel Nadolsky, Toshiyuki Nakano, Saurabh Nangia, Angel Navascues Cornago, Laurence J. Nevay, Pierre Ninin, Emanuele R. Nocera, Takaaki Nomura, Rui Nunes, Nobuchika Okada, Fred Olness, John Osborne, Hidetoshi Otono, Maksym Ovchynnikov, Alessandro Papa, Junle Pei, Guillermo Peon, Gilad Perez, Luke Pickering, Simon Plaetzer, Ryan Plestid, Tanmay Kumar Poddar, Pablo Quilez, Mudit Rai, Meshkat Rajaee, Digesh Raut, Peter Reimitz, Filippo Resnati, Wolfgang Rhode, Peter Richardson, Adam Ritz, Hiroki Rokujo, Leszek Roszkowski, Tim Ruhe, Richard Ruiz, Marta Sabate-Gilarte, Alexander Sandrock, Ina Sarcevic, Subir Sarkar, Osamu Sato, Christiane Scherb, Ingo Schienbein, Holger Schulz, Pedro Schwaller, Sergio J. Sciutto, Dipan Sengupta, Lesya Shchutska, Takashi Shimomura, Federico Silvetti, Kuver Sinha, Torbjorn Sjostrand, Jan T. Sobczyk, Huayang Song, Jorge F. Soriano, Yotam Soreq, Anna Stasto, David Stuart, Shufang Su, Wei Su, Antoni Szczurek, Zahra Tabrizi, Yosuke Takubo, Marco Taoso, Brooks Thomas, Pierre Thonet, Douglas Tuckler, Agustin Sabio Vera, Heinz Vincke, K. N. Vishnudath, Zeren Simon Wang, Martin W. Winkler, Wenjie Wu, Keping Xie, Xun-Jie Xu, Tevong You, Ji-Young Yu, Jiang-Hao Yu, Korinna Zapp, Yongchao Zhang, Yue Zhang, Guanghui Zhou, Renata Zukanovich Funchal
Summary: High energy collisions at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (LHC) produce a large number of particles beyond the acceptance of existing experiments. The proposed Forward Physics Facility (FPF) will host experiments to probe standard model processes and search for physics beyond the standard model (BSM). FPF experiments will explore BSM physics through searches for new particle scattering or decay signatures and deviations from SM expectations in a low-background environment.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Benjamin C. Dodge, Oren Slone, Mariangela Lisanti, Timothy Cohen
Summary: The tilting of the Milky Way's stellar disc can be greatly influenced by infalling satellite galaxies and their tidal debris. This study uses N-body simulations to investigate the dynamics of disc tilting in a Milky Way-like host galaxy, considering satellite virial mass, initial position, and orbit as variables. The results suggest that the Galactic disc may still be tilting due to recent mergers, such as Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus, which has important implications for terrestrial direct detection experiments.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Timothy Cohen, Nathaniel Craig, Xiaochuan Lu, Dave Sutherland
Summary: Scattering amplitudes in quantum field theory are geometrically invariant under field redefinitions and can be expressed in terms of Riemannian curvature tensors. A generalized geometric framework is presented to extend the manifest covariance of amplitudes to all allowed field redefinitions. The amplitudes exhibit a recursive relation that resembles the application of covariant derivatives, indicating a notion of on-shell covariance at tree-level.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Timothy Cohen, Daniel Green, Akhil Premkumar
Summary: Non-trivial inflaton self-interactions can generate primordial nonGaussianity, which can be measured in cosmic surveys. We calculate the non-Gaussian corrections to Stochastic Inflation and derive the probability distribution for scalar fluctuations. We find that the phase transition to slow-roll eternal inflation is often incalculable and is sensitive to the non-Gaussian tail of the distribution of scalar fluctuations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Timothy Cohen, Daniel Green, Akhil Premkumar
Summary: Fluctuations in cosmology are crucial and can be coarse grained with Gaussian distribution or dominated by rare fluctuations. The large deviation principle is proposed to diagnose when the fundamental description is necessary. The Fokker-Planck equation governing stochastic inflation shows central limit-type behavior for typical fluctuations, but instantonlike saddle points accompanied by a new energy scale determine fluctuations in the regime of the large deviation principle.
Review
Physics, Particles & Fields
Guillaume Albouy, Jared Barron, Hugues Beauchesne, Elias Bernreuther, Marcella Bona, Cesare Cazzaniga, Cari Cesarotti, Timothy Cohen, Annapaola de Cosa, David Curtin, Zeynep Demiragli, Caterina Doglioni, Alison Elliot, Karri Folan DiPetrillo, Florian Eble, Carlos Erice, Chad Freer, Aran Garcia-Bellido, Caleb Gemmell, Marie-Helene Genest, Giovanni Grilli di Cortona, Giuliano Gustavino, Nicoline Hemme, Tova Holmes, Deepak Kar, Simon Knapen, Suchita Kulkarni, Luca Lavezzo, Steven Lowette, Benedikt Maier, Sean Mee, Stephen Mrenna, Harikrishnan Nair, Jeremi Niedziela, Christos Papageorgakis, Nukulsinh Parmar, Christoph Paus, Kevin Pedro, Ana Peixoto, Alexx Perloff, Tilman Plehn, Christiane Scherb, Pedro Schwaller, Jessie Shelton, Akanksha Singh, Sukanya Sinha, Torbjorn Sjostrand, Aris G. B. Spourdalakis, Daniel Stolarski, Matthew J. Strassler, Andrii Usachov, Carlos Vazquez Sierra, Christopher B. Verhaaren, Long Wang
Summary: This work explores a strongly coupled dark/hidden sector where dark particles are produced at the LHC and undergo rapid hadronization before decaying back. It discusses a range of possible signatures and presents new developments and improved search strategies.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Raymond T. Co, Aaron Pierce, Benjamin Sheff, James D. Wells
Summary: In this study, the parameter space of the Higgsino and wino dark matter models in supersymmetric models was identified, and the effects of complex phases on the electron EDM and dark matter scattering cross section were analyzed. The study found that the Higgsino dark matter model can be discovered through existing experiments, while the wino dark matter model can be discovered through future experiments.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Patrick Barnes, Zachary Johnson, Aaron Pierce, Bibhushan Shakya
Summary: This study shows that weak-scale secluded sector dark matter can reproduce the observed dark matter relic density through thermal freeze-out in that sector. In the case of supersymmetry, three portals connect the visible sector to the secluded sector - a gauge portal, a Higgs portal, and a gaugino portal. The results suggest that symmetries in the secluded sector can stabilize dark matter, making R-parity unnecessary.
