Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yang Wei
Summary: This study focuses on the Hawking radiation of the SL(n,R) Toda black hole and its related information loss problem. By calculating the tunneling effect of zero rest mass particles near the event horizon, the Hawking radiation of the four-dimensional static spherical symmetric SL(n,R) Toda black hole is investigated. The results support the tunneling model proposed by Parikh and Wilczek, indicating a deviation from a pure thermal spectrum and the existence of correlations between non-thermal spectra. Additionally, the study reveals that information conservation remains true when gravitational correlations among Hawking radiations are properly taken into account.
ACTA PHYSICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tzuriel S. Metzger, Harikrishna Batchu, Anil Kumar, Daniil A. Fedotov, Naama Goren, Deb Kumar Bhowmick, Israa Shioukhi, Shira Yochelis, Igor Schapiro, Ron Naaman, Ori Gidron, Yossi Paltiel
Summary: Chirality is a fundamental property in nature, and chiral molecules exist in two forms, each being a mirror image of the other. The chirality of molecules is related to their optical activity, and circular dichroism is often used to determine the chirality of chiral molecules. Recently, the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect was discovered, showing that electron transfer within chiral molecules depends on the electron's spin. This study found that the CISS properties are similar for the two enantiomers when adsorbed on a metal substrate, while on a nonmetallic surface, the preferred spin depends on the molecule's chirality. The correlation between optical activity and CISS effect suggests a relation to the global polarizability of the molecule.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenjie Hu, Zefeng Zhang, Yanghui Liao, Qiang Li, Yang Shi, Huanyu Zhang, Xumeng Zhang, Chang Niu, Yu Wu, Weichao Yu, Xiaodong Zhou, Hangwen Guo, Wenbin Wang, Jiang Xiao, Lifeng Yin, Qi Liu, Jian Shen
Summary: Artificial spin ices are arrays of small magnets arranged in a lattice, which have been studied for their effective magnetic monopoles and potential for neuromorphic computing. In this study, Hu et al. successfully distinguished different spin states of artificial spin ice using transport measurements.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biology
Tania Martins-Marques
Summary: The well-coordinated intercellular communication networks are crucial for maintaining cardiac homeostasis and adaptive responses after injury. Communication within the heart is mediated by various channels, including gap junctions, tunneling nanotubes, and extracellular vesicles, playing important roles in heart function and pathology.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jan Diers, Christian Pigorsch
Summary: The role of quality control based on images is important in industrial production, but it has not been addressed in computer vision for a long time. In recent years, various methods have been proposed for detecting anomalies and defects in workpieces, driven by publicly available datasets. In this survey, more than 40 methods are presented, showing the best results for this task. A comprehensive benchmark demonstrates the need for more datasets and metrics to advance the field. Additionally, strengths and weaknesses are highlighted, along with discussions on research gaps and future research areas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wolfgang Klimm, Kawai Kwok
Summary: This paper proposes a tunneling resistance model that relates the characteristics of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to the piezoresistivity of CNT polymer composites. The model incorporates geometric variables such as lattice alignment angle and axis alignment angle, and shows improved predictive accuracy of the piezoresistivity in CNT polymer composites.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jun Feng, Jing-Jun Zhang, Yihao Zhou
Summary: In this study, the thermal nature of the Unruh effect of an accelerating detector is re-examined using quantum coherence monotone. The results show that the thermal nature guaranteed by the KMS condition is characterized by vanishing asymptotic quantum coherence. The time evolution of coherence monotone can distinguish the different thermalizing ways of the detector.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xiaojuan Zhou, Qiang Liu, Xiaoyu Shi, Chunli Xu, Baoxin Li
Summary: In this study, gold nanorods (AuNRs) with different aspect ratios were synthesized and characterized for their chirality using circular dichroism spectroscopy. It was found that AuNRs with larger aspect ratios exhibited stronger chiral recognition ability. The research also demonstrated successful quantitative recognition of valine enantiomers using AuNRs with an aspect ratio of 4.8, providing a method to enhance the chiral recognition ability of AuNRs.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Optics
Kevin L. Jensen, Andrew Shabaev, Jeanne Riga, Donald A. Shiffler, Joel L. Lebowitz, Rebecca Seviour
Summary: The study shows that the McColl-Hartman effect for a rectangular barrier is dependent on the barrier width L and the Gamow tunneling factor theta(k) disappears. However, for a triangular barrier modeling field emission, the transmission time tau(g) vanishes when the energy matches the barrier height.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Behnam Pourhassan
Summary: This paper investigates the Hawking tunneling radiation of the charged rotating black hole in five-dimensional minimal supergravity theory using the semiclassical Hamilton-Jacobi equation. The corrected entropy of the black hole is obtained through two separated methods, and the equality of the results suggests a special condition to potentially solve the information loss paradox. The study also explores phase transitions, revealing that the black hole is unstable when the effects of thermal fluctuations are taken into account in the entropy, and phase transitions occur based on the sign-changing behavior of the black hole specific heat. Additionally, it is found that the black holes in five-dimensional minimal supergravity exhibit similar behavior to black holes in Horava-Lifshitz gravity in the presence of thermal fluctuations, indicating the possibility of a second-order phase transition.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Masoud Ghezelbash, Haryanto M. Siahaan
Summary: We study the correspondence between the Melvin-Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT spacetime and conformal field theory. By exploiting the SL (2, R) xU (1) isometry in the near horizon geometry of the extremal Melvin-Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT spacetime, we establish the holographic correspondence for this spacetime using the asymptotic symmetry group method. We also calculate the extremal entropy of the black hole using the stretched horizon method, and find consistent results with the asymptotic symmetry group method, thereby confirming the holography for the extremal Melvin-Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT black hole. The Meissner effect for the Melvin-Kerr-Taub-NUT black hole is also discussed.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bernd Zimmering, Oliver Niggemann, Constanze Hasterok, Erik Pfannstiel, Dario Ramming, Julius Pfrommer
Summary: This paper addresses the issue of unfair algorithm comparison in CPS due to the diverse intrinsic hyper-parameters of machine learning methods. By defining a novel data generation model, various datasets with different complexity characteristics can be generated, laying the foundation for the comparison of machine learning methods in the field of unsupervised learning.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Jack Bowden, Bjoern Bornkamp, Ekkehard Glimm, Frank Bretz
Summary: Causal inference methods are gaining prominence in pharmaceutical drug development, following the E9 guideline's addendum on estimands and sensitivity analysis. While Instrumental Variables methods have been widely used in academia, they are now being introduced in the pharmaceutical industry setting as well.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yanhao Wang, Wei Zheng, Hao Ji, Depeng Shen, Yuhai Zhang, Yingkuan Han, Jianwei Gao, Le Qiang, Hong Liu, Lin Han, Yu Zhang
Summary: CsPbBr3, an all-inorganic perovskite material, has gained significant research interest for its excellent optoelectronic properties. By inserting a thin HfO2 layer, CsPbBr3-based heterostructure devices exhibit enhanced performances including higher photocurrent, responsivity, detectivity, external quantum efficiency, and faster rise/fall times. This work proposes a physical mechanism to explain the improved photoresponse property in CsPbBr3 devices and suggests a valuable strategy that can be applied to other perovskite and heterostructure devices.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mireia Mestre, Juan Hofer
Summary: Despite the recent increase in knowledge about microorganisms, the processes determining their global distribution and functioning have not been fully understood. Microbial dormant stages are adapted to specific adverse conditions related to their dispersion path, indicating that dispersion is not completely random. Long-term dormancy enhances microbial dispersion, promoting their ubiquity. The global, recurrent, and spatially cyclical dispersion of microorganisms, known as the Microbial Conveyor Belt, directly influences microbial distribution and the functioning of the Earth system.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Krishnakanta Bhattacharya, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi, Douglas Singleton
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Subhajit Barman, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: Research on the radiative process of two entangled two-level atoms uniformly accelerated in a thermal bath reveals a possible occurrence of an anti-Unruh effect, primarily influenced by the thermal bath and related to the entanglement between the atomic states.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mousumi Maitra, Debaprasad Maity, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: This paper analyzed the symmetry and associated algebra near a timelike surface embedded in black hole spacetime, with results reminiscent of the Bondi-Metzner-Sach symmetry found in the asymptotic null infinity.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mousumi Maitra, Debaprasad Maity, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: The study investigates the Goldstone modes of Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes, finding that the effective semi-classical temperature of the Goldstone modes is proportional to the Hawking temperature, suggesting a potentially important role in understanding the microscopic description of horizon thermalization.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Surojit Dalui, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: This study tests our previously proposed conjecture that the local instability created by the horizon serves as the source of the quantum temperature of a black hole. It has been demonstrated that this conjecture holds true for the more realistic case of Kerr black hole, in addition to the previously studied spherically symmetric static black hole.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Pratyusha Chowdhury, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: This study investigates the fate of initial entanglement between two accelerated detectors with respect to an observer attached to one of the detectors. The investigation considers both (1 + 1) and (1 + 3) spacetime dimensions, with the detectors interacting with real massless scalar fields through monopole terms. The study is conducted for both non-thermal and thermal fields, and shows that increasing the field temperature reduces the initial entanglement regardless of whether the detectors are in the same or opposite Rindler wedges.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Krishnakanta Bhattacharya, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: In this review, the features of scalar-tensor gravity, including thermodynamics and the fluid-gravity correspondence, as well as the issue of conformally connected frames, have been rigorously studied and summarized.
GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: This study presents a possible theoretical model to explain the observer dependent thermalization of black hole horizon. The research shows that the existing instability near the horizon can potentially account for the black hole thermalization process.
GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Saraswati Devi, S. Abhinove Nagarajan, Sayan Chakrabarti, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: This paper focuses on the shadow calculation of the recently proposed AOS black hole in loop quantum gravity. The rotating solution of the originally proposed static AOS black hole is constructed using the modified Newman-Janis algorithm. The effects of quantum gravity on the shadows of both non-rotating and rotating loop quantum black hole solutions are studied, revealing a contraction in shadow radius due to quantum effects. The super-radiance condition in the rotating AOS background is found to be similar to the Kerr case, with a larger rotation compared to Kerr in the low mass regime.
PHYSICS OF THE DARK UNIVERSE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abhinove Nagarajan Seenivasan, Sayan Chakrabarti, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: We revisit the thermodynamic description of a fluid in scalar-tensor gravity theory and propose a general approach to study the thermodynamics of relativistic fluids. By using an equivalent description of gravitational dynamics in both Jordan and Einstein frames, we identify the energy-momentum tensors for the scalar fluid as that of an ideal fluid. We also point out issues with using Eckart's formalism for an ideal fluid and suggest a possible alternative description valid for a general ideal fluid.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dipankar Barman, Angshuman Choudhury, Bhushan Kad, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: Two entangled two-level Unruh-DeWitt detectors, when at least one of them is not isolated from the environment quantum fields, spontaneously lose entanglement. The eternal interaction between the detectors and environment leads to spontaneous emission from the detectors' excited states and vacuum fluctuations of the field, resulting in a decrease in communication between the entangled qubits during their free fall towards the black hole horizon.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dipankar Barman, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: This study focuses on quantum entanglement harvesting in a relativistic setup and explores the generation of entanglement between two uniformly accelerated detectors with reflecting boundaries. The study finds that the reflecting boundaries can both suppress and enhance entanglement, and increasing the boundaries has a significant impact on the phenomenon.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dipankar Barman, Subhajit Barman, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: In recent times, entanglement harvesting from the quantum field has been extensively studied in flat and different curved backgrounds. Our work presents a comprehensive formulation to achieve entanglement harvesting from nonvacuum background fluctuations. The findings reveal that entanglement harvesting is suppressed compared to vacuum fluctuations in this situation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gaurang Ramakant Kane, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: A new relativistic quantum Otto cycle has been proposed, with efficiency higher than the traditional single qubit Otto engine, depending on the energy gap of the states and the relative acceleration between the qubits.