Article
Physics, Nuclear
Tomoya Naito, Xavier Roca-Maza, Gianluca Colo, Haozhao Liang, Hiroyuki Sagawa
Summary: The effects of isospin symmetry breaking on the charge radius difference of mirror nuclei were studied in this research. The study focused on the examples of 48Ca and 48Ni, where certain effects could be neglected for a transparent analysis. It was found that isospin symmetry breaking effects can significantly impact the estimated value for the symmetry energy slope parameter. However, recent ab initio calculations suggest that the effects on ground-state energy and charge radii might be relatively small.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Dean Lee, Scott Bogner, B. Alex Brown, Serdar Elhatisari, Evgeny Epelbaum, Heiko Hergert, Morten Hjorth-Jensen, Hermann Krebs, Ning Li, Bing-Nan Lu, Ulf-G Meissner
Summary: The passage discusses the approximate spin-isospin exchange symmetry in the strong interactions among nucleons, which is derived from quantum chromodynamics properties in the limit of many colors, N-c. This large-N-c symmetry is well hidden and only reveals itself when averaging over intrinsic spin orientations, requiring a momentum resolution scale close to an optimal scale known as Lambda(large-Nc) of around 500 MeV. The passage also derives a set of spin-isospin exchange sum rules and discusses implications for various applications in nuclear physics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haoxin Zhou, Ludwig Holleis, Yu Saito, Liam Cohen, William Huynh, Caitlin L. Patterson, Fangyuan Yang, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Andrea F. Young
Summary: Spin-polarized superconductivity is observed in Bernal bilayer graphene under a large applied perpendicular electric field. Electrostatic gate tuning leads to transitions between electronic phases with different polarizations in the spin space. A transition to a superconducting state is observed at a finite magnetic field, and the critical temperature is consistent with a spin-triplet order parameter.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Abdelhaq Benkaddour, Mohamed Lahcini, Redouane Beniazza
Summary: The Taguchi design was used to investigate the effects of five factors on the mechanical properties of CNC-reinforced PA6 thin films. CNC loading was found to have the most significant influence on Young's modulus and tensile strength. Optimum parameters were determined as CNC loading 1wt%, solution concentration 10wt/v%, first sonication time 30 min, second sonication time 60 min, and rotation speed 5000 rpm. SEM, TEM, and DSC were performed to confirm the results and understand the effects of CNC loading on crystallinity and mechanical properties.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Mengjiao Lyu, Zhongzhou Ren, Hisashi Horiuchi, Bo Zhou, Yasuro Funaki, Gerd Roepke, Peter Schuck, Akihiro Tohsaki, Chang Xu, Taiichi Yamada
Summary: In this study, the nonlocalized clustering approach is extended to Be8-11 isotopes with isospin dependent spin-orbit potential. A new form of the THSR wave function is introduced to accurately describe the s-binding neutron in Be-11. Systematic calculations are conducted for Be8-11 isotopes, showing good agreement with experimental values. The low energy spectrum of Be-11, particularly the correct spin-parity 1/2(+) for the intruder ground state, is successfully reproduced. The exotic neutron halo structure of Be-11 is investigated through calculations of root-mean-square radii and density distribution, with the spectroscopic factor also calculated and discussed for the 1/2(+) ground state of Be-11.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
H. Sagawa, S. Yoshida, T. Naito, T. Uesaka, J. Zenihiro, J. Tanaka, T. Suzuki
Summary: We studied the isoscalar and isovector densities in Ca-40 and compared them with theoretical densities calculated using Skyrme Hartree-Fock (HF) models. We introduced charge symmetry breaking and charge independence breaking forces to investigate their effects on the isovector density. Furthermore, we examined the effect of isospin mixing in the ground-state density by using a particle-vibration coupling model that takes into account the collective isovector giant monopole excitation. The results showed clear correlations between the isovector density and isospin impurity in Ca-40 within both the HF and particle-vibration coupling model. Additionally, we extracted experimental information on isospin impurity for the first time from the magnitude of the isovector density.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
E. B. Balbutsev, I. Molodtsova, A. Sushkov, N. Yu Shirikova, P. Schuck
Summary: The fine structure of the scissors mode was investigated using the TDHFB approach. The WFM method predicted a splitting of the scissors mode into three intermingled branches, and two new modes emerged due to spin degrees of freedom. These modes exhibited significant M1 strength within the conventional energy range, which was consistent with experimental data.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Peng Shi, Luping Du, Aiping Yang, Xiaojin Yin, Xinrui Lei, Xiaocong Yuan
Summary: In this study, a field theory was developed to reveal the physical origin and topological properties of longitudinal and transverse spins for arbitrary electromagnetic waves. The experimental results showed that the number of spin-momentum locking states coincides with the spin Chern number, providing valuable insight for constructing spin-based field theory and exploiting optical topological quasiparticle-based applications.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hang Liang, Man Jiao, Yue Huang, Pei Yu, Xiangyu Ye, Ya Wang, Yijin Xie, Yi-Fu Cai, Xing Rong, Jiangfeng Du
Summary: Laboratory search for exotic interactions is crucial for exploring physics beyond the standard model. We report new experimental constraints on two exotic spin-dependent interactions at the micrometer scale based on ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Our results establish new bounds for these exotic spin interactions at the micrometer scale.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Atsushi Goto, Kenjiro Hashi, Shinobu Ohki, Tadashi Shimizu
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of optically induced nuclear spin-spin coupling in semiconductors. The findings suggest that the optically induced coupling increases with increasing light power, with opposite signs between heteronuclear couplings and dipolar couplings, resulting in cancellation. Under higher light power, the optically induced controllable coupling may become dominant.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maria Spethmann, Xian-Peng Zhang, Jelena Klinovaja, Daniel Loss
Summary: Superconducting spin qubits, coupled to each other via a superconductor, demonstrate fast controlled phase-flip gates. The effective interaction between these qubits can be adjusted by the superconducting phase difference, the tunnel barrier strength, or the spin-orbit interaction parameters.
Article
Physics, Applied
Jae-Hyeon Cho, Ju-Hyeon Lee, Ji-Hun Park, Haeseong Jang, Hye-Lim Yu, Jongmoon Jang, Geon-Tae Hwang, Min Gyu Kim, Wook Jo
Summary: Multiferroic Fe-site engineered lead iron niobate (PFN) is prepared by substituting Fe with Ni, Co, and Cr. The study investigates the effect of spin configuration variation on magnetic and multiferroic properties. Different transition metals result in distinct magnetic orders, and Ni and Co substitution leads to magnetic-field-dependent magnetoelectric coupling at room temperature. This research can provide a general method for modulating the magnetic properties of multiferroic perovskite oxides.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhiyu Dong, Andrey Chubukov, Leonid Levitov
Summary: We investigate the origin of superconductivity in Bernal bilayer graphene and propose an unconventional scenario of quantum-critical pairing driven by isospin fluctuations. The superconductivity, induced by a parallel magnetic field, persists above the Pauli limit, suggesting the presence of spin-triplet superconductivity. We demonstrate that an entirely repulsive interaction can lead to the emergence of superconductivity through a transformer mechanism involving frequency-dependent pairing effects.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xiangwei Zhu, Yutong Chen, Yuxi Hu, Yu Han, Jianteng Xu, Youlong Zhao, Xiaoqiang Chen, Bin Li
Summary: This study developed different gliadin/tannic acid nanoparticles and evaluated their ability to stabilize an oil-in-water emulsion at a low solid concentration. Results showed that emulsions stabilized by covalent GTNP had the greatest stability and smallest mean particle size. Additionally, the covalent GTNP exhibited intermediate wettability at the oil/water interface, contributing to its emulsifying properties.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Sudha R. Swaminathan
Summary: The study explores electron and positron exchange without spin flip in a single collision between two polarized orthopositronium beams. Using angular-momentum coupling and density-matrix techniques, probabilities of obtaining different positronium states after the collision are calculated. The quenching probabilities for different transitions and spin-exchange quenching cross section depend on the angle, while the total quenching probability to total probability for positronium scattering ratio does not change.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
R. Romano, X. Roca-Maza, G. Colo, Shihang Shen
Summary: The LMG model was devised to test the validity of different approximate formalisms for many-particle systems, and common many-body approximations in physics fail to describe its exact solution. A new extended LMG model based on a general two-body interaction is proposed, which has a potentially larger spectrum of applicability and can better capture the physics behind its exact solution. The improvement lies in a new term in the Hamiltonian that depends on the number of constituents and polarizes the system.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. Dobrovolsky, G. A. Korolev, S. Tang, G. D. Alkhazov, G. Colo, I Dillmann, P. Egelhof, A. Estrade, F. Farinon, H. Geissel, S. Ilieva, A. G. Inglessi, Y. Ke, A. Khanzadeev, O. A. Kiselev, J. Kurcewicz, L. X. Chung, Yu A. Litvinov, G. E. Petrov, A. Prochazka, C. Scheidenberger, L. O. Sergeev, H. Simon, M. Takechi, V. Volkov, A. A. Vorobyov, H. Weick, V. Yatsoura
Summary: Absolute differential cross sections for small-angle proton elastic scattering off nuclei C-12, C-14-17 were measured in inverse kinematics at energies near 700 MeV/u at GSI Darmstadt. The experiment utilized hydrogen-filled ionization chamber IKAR as a gas target and detector for recoil protons, and utilized multi-wire tracking detectors to measure projectile scattering angles. The Glauber multiple-scattering theory was used to deduce radial nuclear matter density distributions and root-mean-square nuclear matter radii, with discussion on a possible neutron halo structure in C-15, C-16, and C-17, showing evidence for a halo structure in the C-15 nucleus.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Igor A. Valuev, Gianluca Colo, Xavier Roca-Maza, Christoph H. Keitel, Natalia S. Oreshkina
Summary: This study revisits the longstanding problem of fine-structure anomalies in muonic atoms and performs comprehensive calculations of energy level splittings in muonic Zr-90, Sn-120, and Pb-208, as well as muonic Pb-208. The results suggest that resolving these anomalies may require refinements in quantum electrodynamics corrections.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jun-Yao Xu, Zheng-Zheng Li, Bao-Hua Sun, Yi-Fei Niu, Xavier Roca-Maza, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Isao Tanihata
Summary: The nuclear symmetry energy has a significant impact on determining the equation of state of dense, neutron-rich matter. However, the density dependence parameter L of the symmetry energy is yet to be consistently determined. This study presents a new method to constrain L at saturation density by establishing a linear correlation between L and the charge changing cross section difference of mirror nuclei Si-30-(3)(0) S.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Paul-Gerhard Reinhard, Xavier Roca-Maza, Witold Nazarewicz
Summary: The recent experimental determination of the parity violating asymmetry APV in 48Ca and 208Pb at Jefferson Lab is important for understanding the arrangement of neutrons and protons inside atomic nuclei. To assess the impact of these measurements, a rigorous theoretical investigation and evaluation of associated uncertainties were conducted. The study concluded that accurate description of APV in 48Ca and 208Pb cannot be achieved by their models.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
F. Marino, G. Colo, X. Roca-Maza, E. Vigezzi
Summary: Nuclear matter is investigated using the density functional theory framework, employing a finite number of nucleons in a box with periodic boundary conditions. The implementation of spin-orbit is carefully discussed for both pure neutron matter and symmetric nuclear matter. The impact of perturbation on the system's energies, densities, and level structure is investigated. This work is crucial for the development of ab initio based nuclear energy density functionals (EDFs) and constraining the EDF surface terms.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Tomoya Naito, Gianluca Colo, Haozhao Liang, Xavier Roca-Maza, Hiroyuki Sagawa
Summary: The effects of Coulomb interaction and isospin symmetry breaking on properties of atomic nuclei are discussed. It is found that corrections to the Coulomb interaction negligibly affect the neutron-skin thickness, while the charge-symmetry breaking term originating from the strong interaction might have a significant impact.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Z. Z. Li, Y. F. Niu, G. Colo
Summary: The nuclear incompressibility is a key parameter of the nuclear equation of state, which can be extracted through measurements of the breathing mode of finite nuclei. The discrepancy between values extracted from Pb and Sn has raised the longstanding question of why tin is so soft. To solve this puzzle, a self-consistent quasiparticle random-phase approximation plus quasiparticle-vibration coupling approach has been developed. It is shown that the many-body correlations introduced by quasiparticle-vibration coupling play a crucial role in providing a unified description of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance in Sn and Pb isotopes. The best description of the experimental strength functions is given by SV-K226 and KDE0.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Tomoya Naito, Xavier Roca-Maza, Gianluca Colo, Haozhao Liang, Hiroyuki Sagawa
Summary: The effects of isospin symmetry breaking on the charge radius difference of mirror nuclei were studied in this research. The study focused on the examples of 48Ca and 48Ni, where certain effects could be neglected for a transparent analysis. It was found that isospin symmetry breaking effects can significantly impact the estimated value for the symmetry energy slope parameter. However, recent ab initio calculations suggest that the effects on ground-state energy and charge radii might be relatively small.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. Liardi, F. Marino, G. Colo, X. Roca-Maza, E. Vigezzi
Summary: A complete solution to the inverse problem of Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional theory is proposed in this article. It consists of two steps: determining the effective KS potential and numerically computing the KS energy based on a line integration formula using potentials along a path in the space of densities. The method shows promise for future applications, as demonstrated by a successful benchmark test on a simplified yet realistic nuclear system.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Tomoya Naito, Gianluca Colo, Haozhao Liang, Xavier Roca-Maza, Hiroyuki Sagawa
Summary: This article proposes a new approach to determine the strength of the charge symmetry breaking term in nuclear density functional theory. It shows that by using the mass difference of mirror nuclei and the neutron-skin thickness of doubly-closed-shell nuclei, the strength of the CSB interaction can be constrained separately from other isospin symmetry breaking forces with an uncertainty of less than 6%.
