Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ashley B. Davidson, Chris Holmden, Sulung Nomosatryo, Cynthia Henny, Roger Francois, Sean A. Crowe
Summary: The leaching of lateritic soils in Central Sulawesi Island, Indonesia can lead to drainage waters with high concentrations of Cr(VI). A remediation strategy involving FeSO4 solutions effectively removes Cr(VI) from the drainage, but the presence of Mn oxides may cause the oxidative remobilization of Cr(III) and lead to an increase in Cr(VI) concentration downstream. Further improvements to Cr(VI) remediation should focus on preventing the back reaction of Cr(III) with Mn oxides.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
K. Wimmer, F. Recchia, S. M. Lenzi, S. Riccetto, T. Davinson, A. Estrade, C. J. Griffin, S. Nishimura, V Phong, P-A Soderstrom, O. Aktas, M. Al-Aqeel, T. Ando, H. Baba, S. Bae, S. Choi, P. Doornenbal, J. Ha, L. Harkness-Brennan, T. Isobe, P. R. John, D. Kahl, G. Kiss, I Kojouharov, N. Kurz, M. Labiche, K. Matsui, S. Momiyama, D. R. Napoli, M. Niikura, C. Nita, Y. Saito, H. Sakurai, H. Schaffner, P. Schrock, C. Stahl, T. Sumikama, V Werner, W. Witt, P. J. Woods
Summary: This study investigated isomeric states in neutron-rich nuclei around N=40, Z=22, and updated the decay scheme of V-60. The lifetime of an isomeric state in V-64 was measured for the first time in this experiment. Additionally, a previously unobserved isomeric state was discovered in Sc-58, with its lifetime suggesting a parity changing transition.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
S. Sidorov, D. Zhulyaeva, T. Tretyakova
Summary: This study investigates excited states in the low-energy spectra of Ni70-76. It employs pairing forces in the form of surface delta interaction to explain the formation of the ground state multiplet with seniority nu = 2 states. The splitting of the multiplet is described using mass relationships of neighboring nuclei. The seniority model is then used to reproduce or predict specific states in odd-even isotopes and even-even isotopes. The results are compared with the structure of similar multiplets in N = 50 isotones.
Correction
Chemistry, Physical
Andreas Lehr, Filip Rivic, Marc Jaeger, Martin Gleditzsch, Rolf Schaefer
Summary: Correction for the article "Optical absorption and shape transition in neutral Sn-N clusters with N <= 40: a photodissociation spectroscopy and electric beam deflection study" by Andreas Lehr et al., published in Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 11616-11635, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP01171A.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Bernal-Choban, H. L. Smith, C. N. Saunders, D. S. Kim, L. Mauger, D. L. Abernathy, B. Fultz
Summary: The phonon densities of states (DOSs) of body-centered cubic chromium were studied above the Néel temperature using time-of-flight inelastic neutron scattering. Experimental results showed a significant softening of the phonon DOSs with increasing temperature. The high-transverse phonon branch softened by about 17%, while the low-transverse branch softened by approximately half of that. The calculated vibrational entropies from phonons and electrons agreed well with the entropy obtained by calorimetry, suggesting that there were no explicit temperature-dependent magnetic contributions above 330 K.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kamila Sieja
Summary: This study gains new insights into the structure of Sr isotopes in the region of N=60 through experimental studies on excited levels, transition strengths, and spectroscopic factors. A classic shell model is used to describe the structure of Sr isotopes, and spectroscopic factors are computed to understand the evolution of low-energy excitations. The origin of deformation at N=60 is mentioned in the context of shell model and Monte Carlo shell model calculations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. Silwal, C. Andreoiu, B. Ashrafkhani, J. Bergmann, T. Brunner, J. Cardona, K. Dietrich, E. Dunling, G. Gwinner, Z. Hockenbery, J. D. Holt, C. Izzo, A. Jacobs, A. Javaji, B. Kootte, Y. Lan, D. Lunney, E. M. Lykiardopoulou, T. Miyagi, M. Mougeot, I Mukul, T. Murbock, W. S. Porter, M. Reiter, J. Ringuette, J. Dilling, A. A. Kwiatkowski
Summary: Mass measurements provide valuable information for understanding nuclear structure and astrophysics. High-precision mass measurements of neutron-rich chromium isotopes confirm previous results and refine the understanding of nuclear deformation and collectivity.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Cheng Peng, Zhao-Qing Feng
Summary: The production mechanism of neutron-rich heavy nuclei around N = 162 within the framework of the dinuclear system model is systematically investigated. It is found that the shell effect plays an important role in the formation of neutron-rich nuclei around N = 162. The fragments in the multinucleon transfer reactions show a broad isotopic distribution and are dependent on the beam energy.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
F. Browne, A. M. Bruce, T. Sumikama, I. Nishizuka, S. Nishimura, P. Doornenbal, J. G. Li, G. Lorusso, P. -a. Soderstrom, P. M. Walker, H. Watanabe, F. R. Xu, R. Daido, Z. Patel, S. Rice, L. Sinclair, J. Wu, Z. Y. Xu, A. Yagi, H. Baba, N. Chiga, R. Carroll, F. Didierjean, Y. Fang, N. Fukuda, G. Gey, E. Ideguchi, N. Inabe, T. Isobe, D. Kameda, I. Kojouharov, N. Kurz, T. Kubo, S. Lalkovski, Z. Li, R. Lozeva, N. Nishibata, A. Odahara, Zs. Podolyak, P. H. Regan, O. J. Roberts, H. Sakurai, H. Schaffner, G. S. Simpson, H. Suzuki, H. Takeda, M. Tanaka, J. Taprogge, V. Werner, O. Wieland
Summary: Isomeric states were observed in nuclei spanning a predicted shape change boundary, and preliminary assignments were made based on potential-energy surface calculations. The results suggest significant deformation in this region.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
C. Pareige, A. Etienne, P-m. Gueye, A. Medvedev, C. Kaden, M. J. Konstantinovic, L. Malerba
Summary: This paper presents an atom probe investigation of the microstructural evolution of FeCr-NiSiP alloys under ion and neutron irradiation, highlighting the differences and commonalities between the two types of irradiation and the influence of minor elements on the formation of solute rich clusters (SRCs) and alpha' clusters.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Johan Nyman, Grzegorz Greczynski, Muhammad Junaid, Niklas Sarius, Soren Kahl, Jens Birch, Hans Hogberg
Summary: We deposited Cr-rich Cr-N coatings and found that they are a promising alternative to electrodeposited hard chrome. The substrate bias plays an important role in controlling the N content in the coatings, affecting the substrate temperature and growth rate. The N content affects the morphology, microstructure, hardness, and resistivity of the coatings.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhongya Hu, Weiqiang Li, Hua Zhang, Karl Krainer, Quan-feng Zheng, Zhiguang Xia, Wenxuan Hu, Shu-zhong Shen
Summary: The study investigated the Mg isotope composition of dolomite in the Paleotethys during the Permian-Triassic transition, revealing a significant change in the Mg isotope signature, potentially due to intensified dolomitization in a restricted oceanic environment leading to rapid changes in seawater Mg cycling.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jiawei Chen, Junchen Pei, Yu Qiang, Jihuai Chi
Summary: The fission properties of neutron-rich nuclei Cf-278 and Cf-286 near the end point of the r-process are studied using microscopic self-consistent approaches. Fission barriers and potential energy surfaces are obtained through constrained static Skyrme Hartree-Fock-BCS calculations. Fission fragments are studied through dynamical time-dependent Hartree-Fock+BCS calculations. The results show that Cf-286 has an octupole deformation at the ground state, which can increase the fission barrier height and significantly enhance the spontaneous fission half-life. No very asymmetric fission channels predicted by semi-empirical models are found in our results.
CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Nan Zhao, Chuanfang Zhao, Daniel C. W. Tsang, Kunyuan Liu, Ling Zhu, Weihua Zhang, Jing Zhang, Yetao Tang, Rongliang Qiu
Summary: This study investigated the selective adsorption of Cr(VI) on O-rich and N-rich biochars under strong competition of anions using spectroscopic and molecular simulation approaches. It was found that O-rich biochars promoted Cr(VI) removal through surface complexation and strong H-bonds, while N-rich biochars were suppressed by coexisting anions due to weaker H-bonds. This study provides a novel approach for evaluating the roles of biochar functional groups in the removal of Cr(VI) from complex environmental systems at a quantitative, molecular level.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
D. Thisse, M. Lebois, D. Verney, J. N. Wilson, N. Jovancevic, M. Rudigier, R. Canavan, D. Etasse, P. Adsley, A. Algora, M. Babo, K. Belvedere, J. Benito, G. Benzoni, A. Blazhev, A. Boso, S. Bottoni, M. Bunce, R. Chakma, N. Cieplicka-Orynczak, S. Courtin, M. L. Cortes, P. Davies, C. Delafosse, M. Fallot, B. Fornal, L. Fraile, D. Gjestvang, A. Gottardo, V. Guadilla, R. -B. Gerst, G. Haefner, K. Hauschild, M. Heine, C. Henrich, I. Homm, J. Hommet, F. Ibrahim, L. W. Iskra, P. Ivanov, S. Jazrawi, A. Korgul, P. Koseoglou, T. Kroell, T. Kurtukian-Nieto, L. Le Meur, S. Leoni, J. Ljungvall, A. Lopez-Martens, R. Lozeva, I. Matea, K. Miernik, J. Nemer, S. Oberstedt, W. Paulsen, M. Piersa-Silkowska, W. Poklepa, Y. Popovitch, C. Porzio, L. Qi, D. Ralet, P. H. Regan, D. Reygadas-Tello, K. Rezynkina, V. Sanchez-Tembleque, S. Siem, C. Schmitt, P. -A. Soederstroem, K. Solak, C. Suerder, G. Tocabens, V. Vedia, N. Warr, B. Wasilewska, J. Wiederhold, M. Yavahchova, F. Zeiser, S. Ziliani
Summary: Medium spin states of light N = 50 isotones were produced through fast neutron-induced fission of Th-232. Online prompt gamma spectroscopy was performed to study the medium spin states of the neutron-rich nucleus Ge-82. Two new transitions were observed and a new level was added in the level scheme. The new state was tentatively assigned a (7(+)) spin-parity, indicating a new N = 50 core breaking state, providing insights into the energy evolution of the N = 50 shell gap toward Ni-78.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Takeru Yokota, Haruki Kasuya, Kenichi Yoshida, Teiji Kunihiro
Summary: A density-functional theory for superfluid systems is developed within the framework of the functional renormalization group, introducing the effective action for particle-number and non-local pairing densities. The resulting Kohn-Sham potential includes pairing potentials and expresses external, Hartree, pairing, and exchange-correlation terms separately. This formalism provides a systematic way to improve correlations and accurately predicts the ground-state energy of the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory.
PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Correction
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wataru Horiuchi, Toru Sato, Yuichi Uesaka, Kenichi Yoshida
PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hana Gil, Nobuo Hinohara, Chang Ho Hyun, Kenichi Yoshida
Summary: This study demonstrates that the KIDS functional can appropriately describe the ground-state properties of nuclei and reduce the discrepancy from experimental data by adjusting the parameter of symmetry energy.
JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kenichi Yoshida
Summary: The ground-state moments of inertia (MoI) have been investigated for approximately 1700 even-even nuclei from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line up to Z=120 and N=184. The cranked Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov equation is solved using the Skyrme and pairing energy density functionals. The results show that the MoI greatly increase near the drip line, while the deformation is not as strong as estimated by the empirical relation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wataru Horiuchi, Toru Sato, Yuichi Uesaka, Kenichi Yoshida
Summary: We have derived complete formulas for allowed and first-forbidden transitions of nuclear beta decay, taking into account recoil-order and induced currents up to next-to-leading order. By exploiting the conservation of vector current for multipole operators of natural-parity transitions, the meson exchange current for the vector current is minimized. The formulas are applicable to various beta-decay processes. As a numerical demonstration, we have applied the formulas to the beta decay of a neutron-rich nucleus Sn-160. The next-to-leading order corrections amount to 10-20% of the total decay rate, while induced currents alter the rate by at most 5%.
PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Takashi Nakatsukasa
Summary: The Fermi operator expansion method is a useful tool for calculating the nuclear energy density functional at finite temperature, and it shows great potential in studying nuclear phase transitions.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Kenichi Yoshida, Yifei Niu, Futoshi Minato
Summary: This study investigates the influence of nuclear shape changes on the beta-decay half-life by calculating the half-lives of neutron-rich nuclei. The results show that the beta-decay half-life can be a reliable indicator of shape-phase transition, as a sudden shortening of half-lives is found when the nuclear shape changes.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
N. Hizawa, K. Hagino, K. Yoshida
Summary: In this paper, we apply the dynamical generator coordinate method (DGCM) with a conjugate momentum to study nuclear collective excitation. By constructing a numerically workable scheme for a general one-body operator, we investigate the quadrupole vibration of O-16 using the Gogny D1S interaction. Our results show that both the ground state energy and the excitation energies are lowered compared to the conventional GCM, indicating the relevance of the conjugate momentum in collective motions.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Nobuo Hinohara, Jonathan Engel
Summary: The study examines the matrix elements of two-neutrino double-beta decay and predicts the matrix elements of unmeasured nuclei for neutrinoless double-beta decay, using a computational scheme and nuclear energy density functionals.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. Yagi, A. Odahara, H. Nishibata, R. Lozeva, C-B Moon, S. Nishimura, K. Yoshida, N. Yoshinaga, C. Watanabe, K. Higashiyama, T. Shimoda, R. Daido, Y. Fang, P. S. Lee, B. Moon, P. Doornenbal, G. Lorusso, P-A Soderstrom, T. Sumikama, H. Watanabe, T. Isobe, H. Baba, H. Sakurai, F. Browne, Z. Patel, S. Rice, L. Sinclair, J. Wu, Z. Y. Xu, R. Yokoyama, T. Kubo, N. Inabe, H. Suzuki, N. Fukuda, D. Kameda, H. Takeda, D. S. Ahn, Y. Shimizu, D. Murai, F. L. Bello Garrote, J-M Daugas, F. Didierjean, E. Ideguchi, S. Iimura, T. Ishigaki, H. S. Jung, T. Komatsubara, Y. K. Kwon, C. S. Lee, S. Morimoto, M. Niikura, I Nishizuka, K. Tshoo
Summary: The structure of the neutron-rich N = 86 isotope Xe-140 was investigated using beta-gamma spectroscopy, revealing two new beta-decay isomers. Comparisons between experimental results and theoretical calculations were made to discuss the nuclear structures of low-lying states in Xe-140.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
K. Uzawa, K. Hagino, K. Yoshida
Summary: This study investigates the applicability of the generator coordinate method (GCM) as a microscopic theory for cluster radioactivities of heavy nuclei. The results show that the experimental decay rates can be accurately reproduced using this method, and the potential for further development in studying cluster decays of heavy nuclei is discussed.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Kai Wen, Takashi Nakatsukasa
Summary: In this study, collective inertial mass coefficients were microscopically calculated using the ASCC method, with a focus on the impact of the time-odd component of the mean-field potential. A comparison with results obtained using cranking formulas revealed that the ASCC method accurately reproduced total nuclear mass and reduced masses for translational and rotational motions. This discrepancy was attributed to the proper restoration of (local) Galilean invariance in the ASCC method, which was violated in the cranking formulas.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Kenichi Yoshida
Summary: In this study, the authors directly solve the coordinate-space cranked Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov equation to describe the yrast states in weakly bound nuclei. They first demonstrate the method with a numerical calculation for the ground-state band in a medium-mass nucleus, and then apply it to neutron-rich even-N Mg isotopes. The analysis reveals that the appearance of the significantly low I-pi = 2(+) state in Mg-40 is mainly due to the suppression of pairing. The calculation also predicts that the 2(+) state in Mg-42 appears as high in energy as in Mg34-38, while the triaxial deformation is enhanced in nonzero spin states. This numerical framework provides a practical approach for systematically investigating the near yrast states and revealing unique structures in drip-line nuclei.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Kenichi Yoshida
Summary: This study investigates the SD configurations in Zn-60, Zn-62, and Ge-64 and explores the different roles of energy gaps at particle numbers 30 and 32. The results show that the SD structures in Zn-62 are unique, where the negative-parity SD states have lower energy than the positive-parity ones.
