Wilson-line and color charge density correlators and the production of η' in the color glass condensate for pp and pA collisions

We compute the inclusive differential cross section production of the pseudoscalar meson eta(') in high-energy proton-proton (pp) and proton-nucleus (pA) collisions. We use an effective coupling between gluons and eta(') meson to derive a reduction formula that relates the eta(') production to a field-strength tensor correlator. For pA collisions, we take into account saturation effects on the nucleus side by using the color glass condensate formalism to evaluate this correlator. We derive new results for Wilson-line color charge correlators in the McLerran-Venugopalan model needed in the computation of eta(') production. The unintegrated parton distribution functions are used to characterize the gluon distribution inside protons. We show that in pp collisions, the cross section depends on the parametrization of unintegrated parton distribution functions, and thus it can be used to put constraints on these distributions. We also demonstrate that in pA collisions, the cross section is sensitive to saturation effects, so it can be utilized to estimate the value of the saturation scale.