Interlayer repulsion and decoupling effects in stacked turbostratic graphene flakes

The behavior of stacked graphene flakes is found to be governed by the strength of the repulsive interactions that arise due to the orthogonality of interlayer pi orbitals. Therefore, the decoupling effect in AA stacked layers is a result of the repulsion being dominant over the orbital interactions while misorientation of 2 degrees-5 degrees is an attempt by the system to suppress that repulsion. For misorientated graphene, in the regions of superposed lattices in the Moire pattern, the repulsion between the layers manifest itself as lattice distortion by forming a bump.