High-pressure investigation of CaTiO3 up to 60 GPa using x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy

In this work, we investigate calcium titanate [CaTiO3(CTO)] using x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy up to 60 GPa and 55 GPa, respectively. Both experiments show that the orthorhombic Pnma structure remains stable up to the highest pressures measured, in contradiction to ab initio predictions. A fit of the compression data with a second- order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state yields a bulk modulus K-0 of 181.0(6) GPa. The orthorhombic distortion is found to increase slightly with pressure, in agreement with previous experiments at lower pressures and the general rules for the evolution of perovskites under pressure. High-pressure polarized Raman spectra also enable us to clarify the Raman mode assignment of CTO and identify the modes corresponding to rigid rotation of the octahedra, A-cation shifts, and Ti-O bond stretching. The Raman signature is then discussed in terms of compression mechanisms.