Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Fauzia Hanum Ikhwan, Hiroyuki Kazama, Chikage Abe, Kenji Konashi, Tatsuya Suzuki
Summary: We are developing a simple method to separate actinides in the pre-treatment process of actinide analysis by mass spectrometry. We used Tributyl phosphate (TBP) impregnated resin for the actinide separation. The TBP-impregnated resin acts as a solid extractant for the mutual separation of uranium, plutonium, thorium, and trivalent actinides. We achieved a recovery rate of more than 96% for uranium.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Jennifer N. Wacker, Aaron D. Nicholas, Monica Vasiliu, Alexander C. Marwitz, Jeffery A. Bertke, David A. Dixon, Karah E. Knope
Summary: Five novel tetravalent thorium compounds were isolated from acidic aqueous solutions, providing a series of monomeric Th-IV complexes for studying the effects of noncovalent interactions. The relative energies separating the complexes in the series were understood through theory and electronic structure calculations, highlighting the energetic driving force for chloride complexation. The role of counterions in stabilizing these complexes was investigated using electrostatic potential surfaces, showing the directing effects of noncovalent interactions on Th speciation.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jun-Bo Lu, David C. Cantu, Cong-Qiao Xu, Manh-Thuong Nguyen, Han-Shi Hu, Vassiliki-Alexandra Glezakou, Roger Rousseau, Jun Li
Summary: A new set of norm-conserving pseudopotentials and Gaussian basis sets for the actinide series has been developed and tested for accuracy and reliability. The new pseudopotentials successfully reproduce structures and energetics, particularly redox processes, with medium- and large-core options available. Transferability issues are discussed, with the medium-core set being suitable for multiple oxidation states and the large-core set only for early series elements and low oxidation states. This work fills a critical gap in the literature for studying the chemistry of 5f-block elements in the condensed phase.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Maekawa, A. Miyashita, S. Sakai, S. Li, S. Entani, A. Kawasuso, Y. Sakuraba
Summary: By using spin-polarized positrons, researchers studied the surface density of states of various materials and found characteristic negative spin polarizations on Ni and Co surfaces, which disappeared upon deposition of graphene. The surface properties of CFGG and CMS exhibited weak spin polarizations, suggesting that the expected half-metallicity of these bulk states was not present at the surfaces.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Tommaso Roscilde, Fabio Mezzacapo, Tommaso Comparin
Summary: The research proves two simple theorems about squeezing induced by bilinear spin-spin interactions that conserve spin parity, which applies to the vast majority of quantum spin models implemented by state-of-the-art quantum simulators. It shows that squeezing captures the first form of quantum correlations whether they are produced at equilibrium or away from equilibrium by manipulating the spin-spin interactions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
H. Kiyama, K. Yoshimi, T. Kato, T. Nakajima, A. Oiwa, S. Tarucha
Summary: The study presents a method for preparing and reading high-spin states with multiple electrons in a GaAs/AlGaAs single quantum dot, including a three-electron quartet and a four-electron quintet. By mapping and reading two-electron spin states, the relaxation rates of high-spin states were measured, showing an order of magnitude faster relaxation compared to low-spin states. The developed technique provides a new tool for studying and applying high-spin states in quantum dots.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bhargab Kakati, Payal Saha, Munima B. Sahariah
Summary: The electronic and magnetic properties of full-Heusler alloy Pt2MnGa with and without spin-orbit coupling are investigated using ab initio density functional theory. Both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spin arrangements are considered, but it is found that the ferromagnetic order is the most stable regardless of spin-orbit coupling. Validations are made using density of states, band structure plots, Bader charge analysis, and charge density distribution. The obtained results suggest the potential application of Pt2MnGa in spintronics devices such as bit-patterned media.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jipan Yu, Kang Liu, Qunyan Wu, Bin Li, Xianghe Kong, Kongqiu Hu, Lei Mei, Liyong Yuan, Zhifang Chai, Weiqun Shi
Summary: This study investigates the covalence of actinide complexes by introducing 2-phosphaethynolate anion into the precursors of uranium and thorium complexes. The synthesis and characterization of the resulting uranium and thorium phosphaethynolate species were achieved through various spectroscopic methods. Computational analyses revealed differences in covalent bond properties between the U-O bond and Th-O bond, with uranium showing more 5f orbital contribution.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Optics
Tong Cui, Lin Sun, Benfeng Bai, Hong-Bo Sun
Summary: Photonic spin-orbit interactions in nanostructures have attracted significant interest in nanophotonics, offering new opportunities for enhancing light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. Various phenomena such as the photonic spin-Hall effect and spin-vortex conversion have been demonstrated, highlighting the potential of PSOIs in shaping light wavefronts. The review systematically covers experimental observations and detections of PSOIs, discussing the advantages, challenges, and future perspectives in probing these interactions.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. V. Kozlov, E. A. Pazyuk, A. V. Stolyarov
Summary: Ab initio calculations were performed to determine the electronic structure of the KRb molecule in both singlet and triplet states using scalar-relativistic and full relativistic approximations. The derived adiabatic interatomic potentials and spin-orbit electronic matrix elements provided insight into the asymmetry puzzle observed in the vibrational levels of the triplet d(3)Pi(Omega) state of KRb.
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yijing Wu, Panpan Yu, Yifan Liu, Ziqiang Wang, Yinmei Li, Lei Gong
Summary: Self-torque is a novel property of light that exhibits time-varying orbital angular momentum (OAM) along a light pulse. In this work, the role of self-torque in modulating tightly focused fields is theoretically studied, revealing spin-orbit interactions (SOIs) in the focused fields. The observations include spin-to-orbit conversion, orbit-to-local-spin conversion, and optical spin-Hall effect in self-torqued beams. The control of self-torque through spin-to-orbit conversion opens up potential applications in ultrafast light field modulation, microscopy, and optical manipulation.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jarrod M. Gogolski, Tracy S. Rudisill
Summary: The environmentally friendly and chemically inert fire suppressant Novec 1230 is gaining popularity globally. However, no research has been conducted on its use in fires involving radioactive materials, such as actinides. This study investigates the potential interactions between Novec 1230 and actinide compounds in the event of a fire, focusing on the thermal degradation products of Novec 1230. Previous studies suggest that Novec 1230 or its degradation products may chemically interact with actinide compounds at high temperatures, but the release of gaseous actinides or runaway exothermic reactions is highly unlikely.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Remon Ibrahim, A. Buijs, J. Luxat
Summary: The use of Pu/Th fuel in the PT-SCWR reactor and its implications on worker safety and public health after the closure of the DGR facility were investigated. It was found that Pu/Th fuel would increase the dose to workers, while using U/Th fuel would result in a lower dose compared to Pu/Th. Pu/Th fuel would also produce the highest dose to the public in case of an accident after the closure of the DGR.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alexey Neilo, Sergey Bakurskiy, Nikolay Klenov, Igor Soloviev, Mikhail Kupriyanov
Summary: The proximity effect in SNSOF and SF'F structures with spin-orbit interaction in the normal layer was theoretically investigated. It was found that the triplet correlations generated in the ferromagnetic layer can be effectively suppressed by a normal layer with spin-orbit interaction. The critical temperature of the superconducting layer in the SNSOF multilayer was higher compared to a similar multilayer without spin-orbit interaction in the normal layer. Additionally, a SNSOF structure with a mixed type of spin-orbit interaction was identified as a spin valve, with its critical temperature determined by the direction of the magnetization vector in the ferromagnetic layer. The control characteristics of the SNSOF spin valve were calculated and compared with traditional SF'F devices with two ferromagnetic layers. It was concluded that SNSOF structures with one controlled ferromagnetic layer have advantages over widely considered SF'F spin valves, making them promising for high-performance storage components in superconducting electronics.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vivek Kumar, Nirmal Ganguli
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzes the Rashba-like spin-orbit interaction in KTaO3 using first-principles calculations and finds no evidence of Dresselhaus or higher order Rashba interactions. It provides crucial insights for future developments in oxide spintronics.