Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Liu, Y. Zhang, G. L. Klimchitskaya, V. M. Mostepanenko, U. Mohideen
Summary: The experimental confirmation of the unusually big thermal effect at separations below 1 μm for graphene suggests that its effective temperature is determined by the Fermi velocity rather than the speed of light.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ge Song, Zhixiang Liu, Lingchun Jia, Cong Li, Yingli Chang
Summary: A flexible method for modulating the Casimir force using graphene and hyperbolic materials (HMs) is proposed. By combining two candidates other than graphene (hexagonal boron nitride and porous silicon carbide), the Casimir force can be increased monotonically and controlled flexibly by varying the Fermi level and the filling factor of porous silicon carbide.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Galina L. Klimchitskaya, Constantine C. Korikov, Vladimir M. Mostepanenko, Oleg Yu. Tsybin
Summary: This study investigates the out-of-thermal-equilibrium Casimir-Polder force between nanoparticles and dielectric substrates coated with gapped graphene using the Dirac model and the polarization tensor formalism. The results show that the presence of a substrate can increase the magnitude of the nonequilibrium force. The temperature of the graphene-coated substrate also affects the force magnitude.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Philippe Brax, Anne-Christine Davis, Benjamin Elder
Summary: This paper calculates bounds and forecasts for screened modified gravity theories, focusing on the chameleon model in Casimir force experiments. Numerical simulations are compared to analytical approximations, specifically the proximity force approximation (PFA) and the screening factor approximation. Results show that the PFA does not accurately reproduce the numerical results for the chameleon model, but the screening factor approximation fares better in extracting constraints and forecasts from data.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Limin Zhou, Shumin Yang, Nannan Quan, Zhanli Geng, Shuo Wang, Binyu Zhao, Xingya Wang, Yaming Dong, Renzhong Tai, Jun Hu, Lijuan Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the formation of surface nanodroplets on nanostructure surfaces, demonstrating that nanostructure patterning can effectively regulate the shape, contact radius, and nucleate site of nanodroplets. Nanodroplets exhibit different wetting properties on different structures, and the physical geometry and chemical heterogeneity of the substrate affect the growth and spreading of nanodroplets.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Josh Javor, Zhancheng Yao, Matthias Imboden, David K. Campbell, David J. Bishop
Summary: The Casimir force, a quantum mechanical effect, has been observed in MEMS platforms and proposed as a avenue for quantum metrology. A new Casimir-driven metrology platform using time-delay-based parametric amplification technique was designed to detect weak, low-frequency gradient magnetic fields. With a reported 10,000-fold improvement in resolution for MEMS single-point gradiometers, this design has the potential to revolutionize metrology, particularly in monitoring biomagnetic fields in ambient conditions.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gideon Lee, Aleksandr Rodin
Summary: The study introduces a general method for calculating the Helmholtz free energy due to vibrational modes in systems of varying dimensionality and composition, enabling the extraction of defect interaction energy between different defect configurations at different temperatures. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated through numerical calculations and validation using exact diagonalization.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Vitaly B. Svetovoy
Summary: This study analyzes the possibility of compensating for the electrostatic interaction between a metal and poor conducting material. It shows that under certain conditions, the electrostatic force can be compensated for, which opens up new possibilities for investigating the Casimir interaction in poor-conducting materials.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kun Ding, Daigo Oue, C. T. Chan, J. B. Pendry
Summary: The research shows that surface distortion asymmetrically splits surface plasmon energy and leads to a decrease in zero-point energy; conformal mapping can be used to demonstrate this splitting phenomenon; surface corrugation of metallic surfaces typically results in a decrease in zero-point energy, but usually not strong enough to independently drive surface reconstruction.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. F. Santos, Faqir C. Khanna
Summary: This paper examines a massless scalar field coupled to gravity and calculates the Casimir effect at finite temperature. The investigation is conducted using the Thermo Field Dynamics formalism and considers Godel-type solutions as a gravitational background. The consistency of the Stefan-Boltzmann law is analyzed for both causal and non-causal Godel-type regions. It is found that the Casimir effect is always attractive at zero temperature in this space-time, but a repulsive Casimir effect can emerge from a critical temperature at finite temperature.
Article
Biophysics
Jonathan Wood, Andrew Hayles, Richard Bright, Dennis Palms, Krasimir Vasilev, Jafar Hasan
Summary: The hydrothermally etched nanostructures formed on the surfaces of titanium alloys used for orthopaedic implants exhibit enhanced anti-bacterial activity and reduce friction. Simulation studies using Atomic Force Microscopy revealed that the friction on nanostructured surfaces was reduced compared to smooth surfaces. This reduction in friction may improve wear resistance and aid osseointegration of the implants.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
S. W. M. A. Ishantha Senevirathne, Yi-Chin Toh, Prasad K. D. Yarlagadda
Summary: Nanotopographic surfaces have been proven to effectively kill bacterial cells upon contact, providing an alternative method to fight against bacterial colonization and resistance. This study investigates how fluid flow affects bacterial cell adherence on nanotopographic surfaces, revealing that increasing flow rates significantly reduce the number of live cells, while increasing the number of dead cells adhering to the surface.
Article
Optics
Yang Li, Kimball A. Milton, Iver Brevik
Summary: This study investigates multiparticle thermal Casimir interactions, focusing on the Casimir entropy, from the perspective of multiple-scattering processes. The geometry of the scattering path is described in detail, and the contributions of different types of channels are demonstrated. The study finds that the geometry of the path strongly influences the weight of each channel.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Deepak Patil, Maya Overland, Marshall Stoller, Kaushik Chatterjee
Summary: This review discusses the current state-of-the-art in designing bioinspired mechano-bactericidal surfaces and theoretical models to understand the underlying phenomena at the cell-material interface. It summarizes the different processes used to create nanostructured surfaces and their effects on bactericidal activity, while also critically analyzing recent findings that challenge the current understanding. Lastly, it presents the challenges and opportunities in fabricating nanostructures on devices and implants for clinical use.
CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Natalia Emelianova, Nail Khusnutdinov, Rashid Kashapov
Summary: In this study, explicit formulas for the Casimir energy of parallel sheets composed of conducting planes with tensorial conductivities were derived using the scattering matrix approach. Formulas for the Casimir energy and force acting on the planes within a stack of graphene were obtained by solving the recurrence relations. The binding energy in the graphene stack with graphite interplane separation was also calculated and found to be E-ib = 9.9 meV/atom. Notably, the Casimir force on graphene sheets decreases rapidly for planes beyond the first one, with the force on the second graphene layer being 35 times smaller than that experienced by the first layer.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Charlton, J. J. Choi, M. Chung, P. Clade, P. Comini, P-P Crepin, P. Crivelli, O. Dalkarov, P. Debu, L. Dodd, A. Douillet, S. Guellati-Khelifa, P-A Hervieux, L. Hilico, A. Husson, P. Indelicato, G. Janka, S. Jonsell, J-P Karr, B. H. Kim, E-S Kim, S. K. Kim, Y. Ko, T. Kosinski, N. Kuroda, B. Latacz, H. Lee, J. Lee, A. M. M. Leite, K. Leveque, E. Lim, L. Liszkay, P. Lotrus, T. Louvradoux, D. Lunney, G. Manfredi, B. Mansoulie, M. Matusiak, G. Mornacchi, V. V. Nesvizhevsky, F. Nez, S. Niang, R. Nishi, S. Nourbaksh, K. H. Park, N. Paul, P. Perez, S. Procureur, B. Radics, C. Regenfus, J-M Rey, J-M Reymond, S. Reynaud, J-Y Rousse, O. Rousselle, A. Rubbia, J. Rzadkiewicz, Y. Sacquin, F. Schmidt-Kaler, M. Staszczak, B. Tuchming, B. Vallage, A. Voronin, A. Welker, D. P. van der Werf, S. Wolf, D. Won, S. Wronka, Y. Yamazaki, K-H Yoo
Summary: The GBAR experiment at CERN's Antiproton Decelerator facility utilizes a source of slow positrons created by a low-energy electron linear accelerator. This method ensures safety and high positron flux, producing 5 x 10^7 slow positrons per second.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Pierre Touboul, Manuel Rodrigues, Gilles Metris, Ratana Chhun, Alain Robert, Quentin Baghi, Emilie Hardy, Joel Berge, Damien Boulanger, Bruno Christophe, Valerio Cipolla, Bernard Foulon, Pierre-Yves Guidotti, Phuong-Anh Huynh, Vincent Lebat, Francoise Liorzou, Benjamin Pouilloux, Pascal Prieur, Serge Reynaud
Summary: The MICROSCOPE mission aimed to test the weak equivalence principle (WEP) with a high precision of 10(-15). By placing masses of different compositions on a circular trajectory around the Earth and measuring their accelerations, the mission aimed to detect potential violations of the WEP. This paper provides a detailed overview of the mission's drivers, major subsystems, and expected error budget.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Joel Berge, Laura Baudis, Philippe Brax, Sheng-Wey Chiow, Bruno Christophe, Olivier Dore, Pierre Fayet, Aurelien Hees, Philippe Jetzer, Claus Laemmerzahl, Meike List, Gilles Metris, Martin Pernot-Borras, Justin Read, Serge Reynaud, Jason Rhodes, Benny Rievers, Manuel Rodrigues, Timothy Sumner, Jean-Philippe Uzan, Nan Yu
Summary: The article discusses the possibility of using new innovative propulsion techniques to fly a spacecraft beyond the Solar System in the 2040s to directly probe the dark sector. It identifies two main science goals and secondary objectives related to exploring gravity's low-acceleration regime and improving knowledge of local dark matter and baryon densities. The study suggests that tracking a spacecraft carrying a clock and an accelerometer as it leaves the Solar System may be the easiest and fastest way to directly probe the dark environment.
EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Manuel Rodrigues, Pierre Touboul, Gilles Metris, Alain Robert, Oceane Dhuicque, Joel Berge, Yves Andre, Damien Boulanger, Ratana Chhun, Bruno Christophe, Valerio Cipolla, Pascale Danto, Bernard Foulon, Pierre-Yves Guidotti, Emilie Hardy, Phuong-Anh Huynh, Vincent Lebat, Francoise Liorzou, Benjamin Pouilloux, Pascal Prieur, Serge Reynaud, Patrizia Torresi
Summary: The MICROSCOPE mission aims to test the weak equivalence principle with an unprecedented precision using electrostatic accelerometers on a micro-satellite. Systematic errors, including external perturbations, satellite design-related perturbations, and instrument internal perturbations, are evaluated to determine the uncertainty of the WEP parameter estimation.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Tanja Schoger, Benjamin Spreng, Gert-Ludwig Ingold, Astrid Lambrecht, Paulo A. Maia Neto, Serge Reynaud
Summary: We study universal Casimir interactions in two configurations which appear as dual to each other. The first involves spheres described by the Drude model and separated by vacuum while the second involves dielectric spheres immersed in a salted solution at distances larger than the Debye screening length. Both cases are dominated by low-frequency transverse magnetic thermal fluctuations and show universality properties independent of the dielectric functions of the materials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Olivier Rousselle, Pierre Clade, Saida Guellati-Khelifa, Romain Guerout, Serge Reynaud
Summary: We evaluated the expected accuracy of measuring the free fall acceleration of antihydrogen in the GBAR experiment, taking into account the recoil transferred in the photodetachment process. Our study reveals that the uncertainty in gravity measurement mainly arises from the initial velocity dispersion in the ion trap, indicating that the photodetachment recoil is not the limiting factor to precision as previously thought. This finding will alleviate the constraints on choosing the parameters for the photodetachment laser.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tanja Schoger, Benjamin Spreng, Gert-Ludwig Ingold, Paulo A. Maia Neto, Serge Reynaud
Summary: We studied the Casimir interaction between two dielectric spheres immersed in a salted solution and found that this interaction exhibits universality properties at distances larger than the Debye screening length. This finding is important for the modeling of colloids and biological interfaces.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Joel Berge, Quentin Baghi, Emilie Hardy, Gilles Metris, Alain Robert, Manuel Rodrigues, Pierre Touboul, Ratana Chhun, Pierre-Yves Guidotti, Sandrine Pires, Serge Reynaud, Laura Serron, Jean-Michel Travert
Summary: This paper introduces the frequency-domain iterative least-square technique developed for MICROSCOPE and proves its unbiasedness and correct error bars through numerical simulations, justifying the robustness of the WEP measurements provided by MICROSCOPE.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Pierre Touboul, Gilles Metris, Manuel Rodrigues, Joel Berge, Alain Robert, Quentin Baghi, Yves Andre, Judicael Bedouet, Damien Boulanger, Stefanie Bremer, Patrice Carle, Ratana Chhun, Bruno Christophe, Valerio Cipolla, Thibault Damour, Pascale Danto, Louis Demange, Hansjoerg Dittus, Oceane Dhuicque, Pierre Fayet, Bernard Foulon, Pierre-Yves Guidotti, Daniel Hagedorn, Emilie Hardy, Phuong-Anh Huynh, Patrick Kayser, Stephanie Lala, Claus Laemmerzahl, Vincent Lebat, Francoise Liorzou, Meike List, Frank Loeffler, Isabelle Panet, Martin Pernot-Borras, Laurent Perraud, Sandrine Pires, Benjamin Pouilloux, Pascal Prieur, Alexandre Rebray, Serge Reynaud, Benny Rievers, Hanns Selig, Laura Serron, Timothy Sumner, Nicolas Tanguy, Patrizia Torresi, Pieter Visser
Summary: The MICROSCOPE space mission, dedicated to testing the equivalence principle, was operational from April 25, 2016, until October 16, 2018. The analysis compares the free-fall accelerations of two test masses using the Eotvos parameter eta(A,B)=2aA-aBaA+aB.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pierre Touboul, Gilles Metris, Manuel Rodrigues, Joel Berge, Alain Robert, Quentin Baghi, Yves Andre, Judicael Bedouet, Damien Boulanger, Stefanie Bremer, Patrice Carle, Ratana Chhun, Bruno Christophe, Valerio Cipolla, Thibault Damour, Pascale Danto, Louis Demange, Hansjoerg Dittus, Oceane Dhuicque, Pierre Fayet, Bernard Foulon, Pierre-Yves Guidotti, Daniel Hagedorn, Emilie Hardy, Phuong-Anh Huynh, Patrick Kayser, Stephanie Lala, Claus Laemmerzahl, Vincent Lebat, Francoise Liorzou, Meike List, Frank Loeffler, Isabelle Panet, Martin Pernot-Borras, Laurent Perraud, Sandrine Pires, Benjamin Pouilloux, Pascal Prieur, Alexandre Rebray, Serge Reynaud, Benny Rievers, Hanns Selig, Laura Serron, Timothy Sumner, Nicolas Tanguy, Patrizia Torresi, Pieter Visser
Summary: The MICROSCOPE mission aimed to test the weak equivalence principle and found no violation of this principle. It compared the accelerations of two test masses of different compositions orbiting the Earth by measuring electrostatic forces.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Olivier Rousselle, Pierre Clade, Saida Guellati-Khelifa, Romain Guerout, Serge Reynaud
Summary: We analyze a quantum measurement designed to improve the accuracy for the free-fall acceleration of anti-hydrogen in the GBAR experiment. By including the effect of photo-detachment recoil in the analysis and developing a full quantum analysis of anti-matter wave propagation, we show that the accuracy is improved by approximately three orders of magnitude with respect to the classical timing technique planned for the current experiment.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D
(2022)
Article
Optics
Carina Killian, Zakary Burkley, Philipp Blumer, Paolo Crivelli, Fredrik P. Gustafsson, Otto Hanski, Amit Nanda, Francois Nez, Valery Nesvizhevsky, Serge Reynaud, Katharina Schreiner, Martin Simon, Sergey Vasiliev, Eberhard Widmann, Pauline Yzombard
Summary: At very low energies, light neutral particles can experience quantum reflection above a horizontal surface, leading to gravitational quantum states (GQs). While GQs have been observed with neutrons, this study aims to observe and study GQs of atomic hydrogen, taking advantage of larger fluxes compared to neutrons. Additionally, discrepancies between theoretical calculations and neutron experiments reported by the q-BOUNCE collaboration have sparked further investigations. Preliminary results characterizing a cryogenic hydrogen beam using pulsed laser ionization diagnostics at 243 nm are reported.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Serge Reynaud
Summary: This article reviews the cascade of fluorescence photons emitted by a two-level atom excited by coherent laser light. The discussion focuses on the random nature of resonance fluorescence and characterizes the process by analyzing the distribution of delays between successive emitted photons. Other characteristics such as photon counting and photon correlation are also examined.
ADVANCES IN CONTINUOUS AND DISCRETE MODELS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Olivier Rousselle, Pierre Clade, Saida Guellati-Khelifa, Romain Guerout, Serge Reynaud
Summary: In the GBAR experiment, accurately evaluating the gravity acceleration requires considering obstacles surrounding the antimatter source. Monte Carlo simulations and analysis of event statistics near the edges of obstacles provide valuable insights into the accuracy of the evaluation. The specular quantum reflections of antihydrogen on surfaces do not affect the accuracy significantly.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
P. Blumer, M. Charlton, M. Chung, P. Clade, P. Comini, P. Crivelli, O. Dalkarov, P. Debu, L. Dodd, A. Douillet, S. Guellati, P-A Hervieux, L. Hilico, A. Husson, P. Indelicato, G. Janka, S. Jonsell, J-P Karr, B. H. Kim, E. S. Kim, S. K. Kim, Y. Ko, T. Kosinski, N. Kuroda, B. M. Latacz, B. Lee, H. Lee, J. Lee, A. M. M. Leite, K. Leveque, E. Lim, L. Liszkay, P. Lotrus, D. Lunney, G. Manfredi, B. Mansoulie, M. Matusiak, G. Mornacchi, V Nesvizhevsky, F. Nez, S. Niang, R. Nishi, B. Ohayon, K. Park, N. Paul, P. Perez, S. Procureur, B. Radics, C. Regenfus, J-M Reymond, S. Reynaud, J-Y Rousse, O. Rousselle, A. Rubbia, J. Rzadkiewicz, Y. Sacquin, F. Schmidt-Kaler, M. Staszczak, K. Szymczyk, T. Tanaka, B. Tuchming, B. Vallage, A. Voronin, D. P. van der Werf, S. Wolf, D. Won, S. Wronka, Y. Yamazaki, K. H. Yoo, P. Yzombard, C. J. Baker
Summary: The article presents a description of the GBAR positron trapping apparatus, which aims to measure the acceleration of neutral antihydrogen atom in Earth's gravitational field by neutralizing a cooled positive antihydrogen ion. The apparatus requires a large number of positrons and antiprotons to produce one antihydrogen ion, which are trapped and accumulated in stages for further study.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2022)
