期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
卷 83, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.062317
关键词
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资金
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Air Force Office for Scientific Research
- Laboratory of Physical Sciences
- National Security Agency
- Army Research Office
- National Science Foundation [0726909]
- JSPS-RFBR [09-02-92114]
- MEXT Kakenhi on Quantum Cybernetics
- Funding Program for Innovative Research and Development on Science and Technology (FIRST)
- Direct For Computer & Info Scie & Enginr [0726909] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division of Computing and Communication Foundations [0726909] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [22224007, 21102002] Funding Source: KAKEN
In the study of open quantum systems, one typically obtains the decoherence dynamics by solving a master equation. Themaster equation is derived using knowledge of some basic properties of the system, the environment, and their interaction: One basically needs to know the operators through which the system couples to the environment and the spectral density of the environment. For a large system, it could become prohibitively difficult to even write down the appropriate master equation, let alone solve it on a classical computer. In this paper, we present a quantum algorithm for simulating the dynamics of an open quantum system. On a quantum computer, the environment can be simulated using ancilla qubits with properly chosen single-qubit frequencies and with properly designed coupling to the system qubits. The parameters used in the simulation are easily derived from the parameters of the system + environment Hamiltonian. The algorithm is designed to simulate Markovian dynamics, but it can also be used to simulate non-Markovian dynamics provided that this dynamics can be obtained by embedding the system of interest into a larger system that obeys Markovian dynamics. We estimate the resource requirements for the algorithm. In particular, we show that for sufficiently slow decoherence a single ancilla qubit could be sufficient to represent the entire environment, in principle.
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