Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yasuhiro Yamamoto
Summary: We propose a new linear relation called the dual King relation in the isotope shifts of atomic spectroscopy, which is the linear relation among different isotope pairs. This relation provides similar information to the original King relation without introducing new fit parameters. By using the fit coefficients consisting of nuclear factors, we can obtain constraints on the ratios of isotope dependence independent of electron wave functions, which helps to test the origin of unknown higher order isotope shifts. The dual King relation can also be employed to constrain weakly interacting light new bosons at the same level as the original King relation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Malbrunot-Ettenauer, S. Kaufmann, S. Bacca, C. Barbieri, J. Billowes, M. L. Bissell, K. Blaum, B. Cheal, T. Duguet, R. F. Garcia Ruiz, W. Gins, C. Gorges, G. Hagen, H. Heylen, J. D. Holt, G. R. Jansen, A. Kanellakopoulos, M. Kortelainen, T. Miyagi, P. Navratil, W. Nazarewicz, R. Neugart, G. Neyens, W. Noertershauser, S. J. Novario, T. Papenbrock, T. Ratajczyk, P. G. Reinhard, L. Rodriguez, R. Sanchez, S. Sailer, A. Schwenk, J. Simonis, V Soma, S. R. Stroberg, L. Wehner, C. Wraith, L. Xie, Z. Y. Xu, X. F. Yang, D. T. Yordanov
Summary: Collinear laser spectroscopy was used to study the nuclear charge radii of nickel isotopes. Three ab initio methods were compared, with agreement in differential radii but only the NNLOsat method showing consistent absolute radii. The Skyrme functional SV-min was found to match experimental results more closely in nuclear density functional theory.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Correction
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. Koszorus, X. F. Yang, W. G. Jiang, S. J. Novario, S. W. Bai, J. Billowes, C. L. Binnersley, M. L. Bissell, T. E. Cocolios, B. S. Cooper, R. P. de Groote, A. Ekstrom, K. T. Flanagan, C. Forssen, S. Franchoo, R. F. Garcia Ruiz, F. P. Gustafsson, G. Hagen, G. R. Jansen, A. Kanellakopoulos, M. Kortelainen, W. Nazarewicz, G. Neyens, T. Papenbrock, P. -G. Reinhard, C. M. Ricketts, B. K. Sahoo, A. R. Vernon, S. G. Wilkins
Summary: The correction to the paper has been published.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Guang-Sheng Li, Cheng Xu, Man Bao
Summary: In this study, the relations of charge-radius difference of isotopes are improved by considering the terms related to proton number and parity of neutron number. The corrected relations reduce the root-mean-squared deviation to 0.0041 fm for 651 nuclei with neutron number larger than 20, when compared to experimental data. The improved relations, combined with local relations of neighboring nuclei, efficiently describe and predict nuclear charge radii and reflect the structure evolution of nuclei. The predictions of 2467 unknown nuclear charge radii, calculated using these relations, are provided in the Supplemental Material with competitive accuracy levels.
Article
Optics
Andrew O. Neely, Kayleigh Cassella, Scott Eustice, Dan M. Stamper-Kurn
Summary: By utilizing saturated absorption spectroscopy to probe titanium vapor, we measured and analyzed the isotope shifts in the neutral titanium multiplet transitions, deriving specific mass and field shifts related to electronic and nuclear structure variations. We observed a strong J-dependent variation in each transition, offering insight into both electronic and nuclear structure of transition metal atoms like titanium.
Article
Optics
Jesse S. Schelfhout, John J. McFerran
Summary: In this study, multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations were performed for neutral cadmium and mercury using the GRASP2018 package. The mass- and field-shift parameters for the S-1(0) - P-3(0)o and S-1(0) - P-3(1)o lines were evaluated. Revised estimates of the nuclear charge parameters and differences in mean-square charge radii were made, and the second-order hyperfine interaction for the P-3(0,1)o levels was examined.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Erik J. Oerter, Michael Singleton, Eric Pili, Michael R. Klosterman, Aldo Shemesh, Pierre Agrinier, Amanda Deinhart, Ruth Yam, Maor Assulin, Eyal Elish, Luther McDonald Iv, Travis Tenner, Ruth Kips
Summary: This paper summarizes the results from four laboratories using different methods of oxygen stable isotope analysis on CRM 125-A UO2 Standard Reference Material. The consensus oxygen stable isotope composition for CRM 125-A is determined to be 818O = -9.63‰ (± 0.29‰) VSMOW. The paper discusses methodological differences, calibration strategies, and the potential effects of calibration scale compression. The use of liquid water calibration standards sealed in silver capillary tubes for multi-point calibrations of fluorination analysis systems is suggested.
APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
M. Atzori Corona, M. Cadeddu, N. Cargioli, F. Dordei, C. Giunti, G. Masia
Summary: The COHERENT collaboration observed evidence of coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering and determined the weak mixing angle and average neutron rms radius of Cs-133 and I-127. They also found evidence of nuclear structure suppression and derived a data-driven measurement of the weak mixing angle. Additionally, they discussed the impact of using different theoretical parity non-conserving amplitudes and provided future prospects for similar measurements using larger detectors.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Bo Chen, Chunlin Hu, Benjamin J. W. Mills, Tianchen He, Morten B. Andersen, Xi Chen, Pengju Liu, Miao Lu, Robert J. Newton, Simon W. Poulton, Graham A. Shields, Maoyan Zhu
Summary: The Ediacaran Period was characterized by major carbon isotope perturbations, including anomalies similar to the Shuram/DOUNCE anomaly at 570 Ma and the WANCE anomaly at 610 Ma. These anomalies were associated with expansions in oxygenated seawater and environmental perturbations. New uranium isotope data, as well as strontium and sulfur isotope data, provide evidence of environmental changes during these anomalies.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Hyejung Jung, Yun S. Kim, Jisu Yoo, Bumsung Park, Jeonghoon Lee
Summary: A multi-isotopes approach combining stable nitrate isotopes (delta N-15(NO3) and delta O-18(NO3)) with stable water isotopes (delta O-18(H2O) and delta H-2(H2O)) can help identify nitrogen sources and understand transformation processes in river water systems. Seasonal variations have a significant impact on stable isotope values, leading to uncertainties in estimating the contribution of effluent to the water system.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel Bouchard, Patrick Hohener, Didier Gori, Daniel Hunkeler, Tim Buscheck
Summary: Several types of laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate isotope fractionation caused by phase transfer process for a selection of common environmental contaminants. Carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation caused by vaporization of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL), volatilization from water, and dissolution into an organic solvent (TGDE) were investigated. The results showed significant isotope fractionation during NAPL vaporization and volatilization from water, while no significant fractionation was observed during the air-TGDE partitioning process, except for certain compounds.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
R. Shou, X. Yin, C. Ma, M. Q. Lin, Y. M. Zhao
Summary: In this study, we investigate the systematic deviations between theoretical results and experimental values of atomic masses, one-nucleon separation energies, and nuclear charge radii. We highlight strong correlations among these deviations, which were not previously recognized, and utilize them to improve the agreement between theoretical models and experimental data. Remarkable refinements in the consistency between theoretical models and experimental databases are achieved by introducing only one additional parameter that reflects the correlation reported in this Letter.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
J. Ash, H. Iwasaki, T. Mijatovic, T. Budner, R. Elder, B. Elman, M. Friedman, A. Gade, M. Grinder, J. Henderson, B. Longfellow, A. Revel, D. Rhodes, M. Spieker, Y. Utsuno, D. Weisshaar, C. Y. Wu
Summary: Discovering high-spin states in neutron-rich nuclei can provide a new direction for studying band structure, as shown in this study which identified new high-energy states and gamma-ray transitions in Ca-46 using fusion reactions with a reaccelerated rare-isotope beam. The results confirm independent band structures formed from different particle-hole configurations and validate the effective interaction describing particle-hole excitations across shell gaps near doubly magic Ca-48.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Ying-Yu Cao, Jian-You Guo, Bo Zhou
Summary: In this study, a neural network that combines a fully connected layer with a convolutional layer is developed to predict nuclear charge radii. The network accurately describes the charge radii of nuclei with A >= 39 and Z >= 20, achieving reliable predictive capability.
NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Thomas L. Gout, Madeleine S. Bohlin, Edward T. Tipper, Giulio I. Lampronti, Ian Farnan
Summary: Understanding the mechanisms of borosilicate glass corrosion in contact with aqueous solutions is crucial for safe disposal of high-level nuclear waste. Lithium isotope fingerprinting techniques were used to probe short and long-term corrosion mechanisms, showing a competition between diffusion and hydrolysis mechanisms for lithium release, with the proportions changing over time.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wilfried Noertershaeuser
Article
Physics, Nuclear
W. Noertershaeuser, A. Surzhykov, R. Sanchez, B. Botermann, G. Gwinner, G. Huber, S. Karpuk, T. Kuehl, C. Novotny, S. Reinhardt, G. Saathoff, T. Stoehlker, A. Wolf
Summary: The study found that using circularly polarized light leads to a disappearance of the resonance structure in the fluorescence signal, possibly due to optical pumping into a dark state of polarized ions. A detailed theoretical analysis of this process supports the interpretation of optical pumping and demonstrates that the polarization induced by the laser light must be at least partially maintained during the round trip of the ions in the storage ring.
PHYSICAL REVIEW ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
V Lagaki, H. Heylen, I Belosevic, P. Fischer, C. Kanitz, S. Lechner, F. M. Maier, W. Noertershaeuser, P. Plattner, M. Rosenbusch, S. Sels, L. Schweikhard, M. Vilen, F. Wienholtz, R. N. Wolf, S. Malbrunot-Ettenauer
Summary: The study compares traditional single-pass collinear laser spectroscopy with MIRACLS' multi-pass mode and measures the isotope shift between magnesium isotopes, with results consistent with literature values, showing a measurement accuracy better than 20 MHz in the new apparatus.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Malbrunot-Ettenauer, S. Kaufmann, S. Bacca, C. Barbieri, J. Billowes, M. L. Bissell, K. Blaum, B. Cheal, T. Duguet, R. F. Garcia Ruiz, W. Gins, C. Gorges, G. Hagen, H. Heylen, J. D. Holt, G. R. Jansen, A. Kanellakopoulos, M. Kortelainen, T. Miyagi, P. Navratil, W. Nazarewicz, R. Neugart, G. Neyens, W. Noertershauser, S. J. Novario, T. Papenbrock, T. Ratajczyk, P. G. Reinhard, L. Rodriguez, R. Sanchez, S. Sailer, A. Schwenk, J. Simonis, V Soma, S. R. Stroberg, L. Wehner, C. Wraith, L. Xie, Z. Y. Xu, X. F. Yang, D. T. Yordanov
Summary: Collinear laser spectroscopy was used to study the nuclear charge radii of nickel isotopes. Three ab initio methods were compared, with agreement in differential radii but only the NNLOsat method showing consistent absolute radii. The Skyrme functional SV-min was found to match experimental results more closely in nuclear density functional theory.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Skyy Pineda, Kristian Konig, Dominic M. Rossi, B. Alex Brown, Anthony Incorvati, Jeremy Lantis, Kei Minamisono, Wilfried Noertershaeuser, Jorge Piekarewicz, Robert Powel, Felix Sommer
Summary: The nuclear charge radius of Ni-54 was determined using collinear laser spectroscopy, with the difference in charge radii compared to Fe-54 and the symmetry energy at nuclear saturation density yielding new insights into nuclear properties.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. W. Bai, A. Koszorus, B. S. Hu, X. F. Yang, J. Billowes, C. L. Binnersley, M. L. Bissell, K. Blaum, P. Campbell, B. Cheal, T. E. Cocolios, R. P. de Groote, C. S. Devlin, K. T. Flanagan, R. F. Garcia Ruiz, H. Heylen, J. D. Holt, A. Kanellakopoulos, J. Kraemer, V. Lagaki, B. Maass, S. Malbrunot-Ettenauer, T. Miyagi, R. Neugart, G. Neyens, W. Noertershaeuser, L. V. Rodriguez, F. Sommer, A. R. Vernon, S. J. Wang, X. B. Wang, S. G. Wilkins, Z. Y. Xu, C. X. Yuan
Summary: The electric quadrupole moment of Sc-49 was measured with improved precision, and the electromagnetic moments of Z = 21 and N = 28 isotopes were investigated to study single-particle behavior and nucleon-nucleon correlations. The experimental data were interpreted using different calculation methods, and they provide an important benchmark for further theoretical developments.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Felix Sommer, Kristian Konig, Dominic M. Rossi, Nathan Everett, David Garand, Ruben P. de Groote, Jason D. Holt, Phillip Imgram, Anthony Incorvati, Colton Kalman, Andrew Klose, Jeremy Lantis, Yuan Liu, Andrew J. Miller, Kei Minamisono, Takayuki Miyagi, Witold Nazarewicz, Wilfried Noertershaeuser, Skyy V. Pineda, Robert Powel, Paul-Gerhard Reinhard, Laura Renth, Elisa Romero-Romero, Robert Roth, Achim Schwenk, Chandana Sumithrarachchi, Andrea Teigelhofer
Summary: Nuclear charge radii of Ni-55;56 were measured using collinear laser spectroscopy, and it was found that the trend of charge radii across shell closures is similar to that of calcium. The study also revealed the impact of M1 excitations between spin-orbit partners.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Simon Rausch, Max Horst, Zoran Andelkovic, Svetlana Fedotova, Wolfgang Geithner, Frank Herfurth, Dennis Neidherr, Wilfried Noertershaeuser, Nils Stallkamp, Sergiy Trotsenko, Gleb Vorobyev
Summary: Highly charged heavy ions at rest offer precise measurement opportunities, and GSI is capable of delivering ions up to U92+. To achieve ultimate precision, the ions need to be decelerated, and HITRAP cooling trap utilizes electron cooling to reduce the energy spread. The trap's commissioning process uses Ar16+ ions to analyze the stored ion signals and observe properties.
Article
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Konstantin Mohr, Axel Buss, Zoran Andelkovic, Volker Hannen, Max Horst, Phillip Imgram, Kristian Koenig, Bernhard Maass, Wilfried Noertershaeuser, Simon Rausch, Rodolfo Sanchez, Christian Weinheimer
Summary: Collinear laser spectroscopy was performed on helium-like B-11(3+) ions in the 1s2s(3)S(1)-> 1s2p(3)P(0,2) transitions using the HITRAP beamline at the GSI Helmholtz Centre. The results yielded consistent measurements with previous studies, indicating that the metastable state in He-like ions is sufficiently populated for collinear laser spectroscopy. This experiment serves as a pilot study for a series of measurements to be conducted on light helium-like ions at TU Darmstadt's dedicated collinear laser spectroscopy setup.
Article
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Ken Ueberholz, Lars Bozyk, Michael Bussmann, Noah Eizenhoefer, Volker Hannen, Max Horst, Daniel Kiefer, Nils Kiefer, Sebastian Klammes, Thomas Kuehl, Benedikt Langfeld, Markus Loeser, Xinwen Ma, Wilfried Noertershaeuser, Rodolfo Sanchez, Ulrich Schramm, Mathias Siebold, Peter Spiller, Markus Steck, Thomas Stoehlker, Thomas Walther, Hanbing Wang, Christian Weinheimer, Weiqiang Wen, Danyal Winters
Summary: An improved moveable in vacuo XUV fluorescence detection system was used to laser cool bunched relativistic carbon ions at the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) in Germany. The fluorescence emitted from the ions, after laser excitation, strongly depends on the position of the detector and the delay between ion bunches and laser pulses. The fluorescence information can be combined with the ions' revolution frequencies, allowing for future laser cooling experiments at highly relativistic energies and high intensities of ion beams.
Article
Optics
Michal Silkowski, Krzysztof Pachucki, Jacek Komasa, Mariusz Puchalski
Summary: We perform highly accurate calculations of the leading-order QED correction to the ground electronic state of molecular hydrogen. Numerical results are obtained for a grid of the internuclear distances R = 0-10 a.u. with the relative precision of about 10-8. The major numerical uncertainty of previous QED results has been eliminated. Nevertheless, the discrepancy with measurements in HD at the level of 1.9 a persists.
Article
Optics
Mariusz Puchalski, Jacek Komasa, Anna Spyszkiewicz, Krzysztof Pachucki
Summary: In this study, we calculate the nuclear magnetic shielding in HD and HT molecules, taking into account both complete and perturbative effects of nuclear masses. By comparing the differences in shielding, we obtain the magnetic moments of deuterium and tritium in agreement with the CODATA value, with the accuracy limited only by nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. Importantly, our calculations suggest the potential for improving the determination of nuclear magnetic moments.
Article
Optics
Dominik Wehrli, Mariusz Puchalski, Krzysztof Pachucki
Summary: The paper provides a detailed description of the derivation of leading quantum electrodynamic corrections to nuclear magnetic shielding in light hydrogen- and heliumlike atomic systems. The presented theoretical approach can be applied to any light atomic and molecular systems, allowing for more precise determination of the magnetic moment of light nuclei than currently known.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
H. Heylen, C. S. Devlin, W. Gins, M. L. Bissell, K. Blaum, B. Cheal, L. Filippin, R. F. Garcia Ruiz, M. Godefroid, C. Gorges, J. D. Holt, A. Kanellakopoulos, S. Kaufmann, A. Koszorus, K. Koenig, S. Malbrunot-Ettenauer, T. Miyagi, R. Neugart, G. Neyens, W. Noertershaeuser, R. Sanchez, F. Sommer, L. Rodriguez, L. Xie, Z. Y. Xu, X. F. Yang, D. T. Yordanov
Summary: Hyperfine spectra of aluminum isotopes were measured via collinear laser spectroscopy, revealing unknown magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. The potential decrease in charge radius at N = 19 may be linked to the N = 20 shell closure effect.
