Article
Physics, Applied
Si-Qi Li, Chao-Hai Du, Feng-Yuan Han, Yi-Dong Wang, Zi-Chao Gao, Yun-Hua Tan, Pu-Kun Liu
Summary: This paper introduces the concept of transverse magnetic (TM) modes of localized spoof surface plasmons (LSSPs) and demonstrates their existence through experiments. Compared to transverse electric (TE) modes, TM modes show higher sensitivity to layer distances and quality factors (Q-factors).
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Kayn A. Forbes
Summary: Optical helicity is a fundamental property of light, similar to energy and momentum. In the conventional description of light as plane waves, the optical helicity is proportional to the degree of circular polarization. However, this study shows that tightly focused optical vortices can generate nonparaxial fields with a contribution to the optical helicity density that is independent of the polarization state of the source paraxial field. This finding challenges the previous understanding and suggests that unpolarized light can exhibit optical activity and chiral light-matter interactions.
News Item
Optics
Spencer W. Jolly
Summary: A diffractive axicon can create intricate connections between topological charges and frequencies of ultrashort laser pulses, resulting in a diverse range of coiled light structures.
News Item
Optics
Philippe St-Jean
Summary: This paper presents a novel solid-state laser that can generate a large array of phase-locked optical vortices with tunable orbital angular momentum.
Article
Optics
K. Koksal, M. Babiker, V. E. Lembessis, J. Yuan
Summary: An orthonormal set of optical vortex modes, named the polarized truncated optical Bessel (TOB) set, is proposed and identified. This set of modes possesses both orbital and spin angular momentum and can be realized by placing a circular aperture in the path of an optical Bessel beam.
Editorial Material
Optics
Gianluca Ruffato
Summary: A recent publication suggests a solution to overcome the limitations of optical techniques and high-intensity beams by probing highly-intense vortex pulses with a structured reference beam.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Robert J. C. Spreeuw
Summary: The insight that optical vortex beams carry orbital angular momentum has led to a wide range of applications and studies. Recent research explores the coupling of transverse orbital and spin angular momentum in laser beams, leading to new effects like the deflection of light beams by atoms and the trapping of atoms at a small distance away from the optical axis. This research opens up new possibilities for controlling the motion of atoms in optical tweezers and potential applications in quantum gates and interferometry.
Article
Physics, Applied
Shaohua Yuan, Chaowei Sui, Jiyong Kang, Chenglong Jia
Summary: In this study, we propose a magnonic type of Bloch sphere based on twisted spin-wave eigenmodes. The chiral degeneracy of magnons can be released by certain interactions, allowing for precise launching and electrical detection.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Isaac Nape, Bereneice Sephton, Pedro Ornelas, Chane Moodley, Andrew Forbes
Summary: Structured light has emerged as a hot topic, offering new states of light, enhanced functionality, and a modern toolbox for fundamental science. By structuring light as single photons and entangled states, high dimensional quantum states can be encoded using spatial modes, enabling tests of quantum mechanics and improved information processing. This tutorial outlines the basics of high dimensional quantum states expressed in spatial modes and explains how to create, control, and detect such states, focusing on transverse spatial modes like orbital angular momentum and pixel modes. Examples of applications, from communications to imaging, are also highlighted.
Article
Physics, Applied
Yifan Liu, Zhisen Zhang, Panpan Yu, Yijing Wu, Ziqiang Wang, Yinmei Li, Wen Liu, Lei Gong
Summary: This article presents a deep-learning-based approach for recovering scattered data from multiplexed OAM channels. The method achieves high accuracy in identifying OAM modes in a standard multimode fiber and demonstrates low error rates in transmission quality.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Ke Hai Luo, Rui Ma, Han Wu, Xin Ying Li, Chun Xiang Zhang, Dian Yuan Fan, Jun Liu
Summary: In this study, broadband wavelength-tunable Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes with a controllable topological charge were generated using a random fiber laser and a digital micromirror device. This enables large-capacity data transmission in optical communication.
Article
Optics
Feiyan Zhao, Jiantao Lu, Hexiang He, Yangui Zhou, Shenhe Fu, Yongyao Li
Summary: Two rotation schemes, full-wedge rotation and half-wedge rotation, of the QPM parameters in the process of fully nonlinear three-wave mixing were studied. These two schemes can effectively suppress uncertainty in creating the geometric phase in the nonlinear frequency conversion process.
Article
Optics
Alba de las Heras, Alok Kumar Pandey, Julio San Roman, Javier Serrano, Elsa Baynard, Guillaume Dovillaire, Moana Pittman, Charles G. Durfee, Luis Plaja, Sophie Kazamias, Olivier Guilbaud, Carlos Hernandez-Garcia
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate the generation of vector-vortex beams (VVB) with specific spin and orbital angular momentum in the extreme ultraviolet through high-order harmonic generation. We find that the conversion efficiency of high-harmonic VVB is related to the topological charge of the driving beam, and they exhibit robust generation and smooth propagation properties. Our work opens up the possibility of synthesizing attosecond helical structures with spatially varying polarization, providing a unique tool to probe spatiotemporal dynamics in inhomogeneous media or polarization-dependent systems.
Article
Optics
J. S. Eismann, L. H. Nicholls, D. J. Roth, M. A. Alonso, P. Banzer, F. J. Rodriguez-Fortuno, A. Zayats, F. Nori, K. Y. Bliokh
Summary: This study demonstrates the existence of a transverse spin component in non-paraxial light, which is independent of the circular polarization state of the light. The results show that this transverse spin remains present even in non-paraxial fields generated from totally unpolarized light, suggesting a fundamental difference in the meaning of 'full depolarization' between 2D paraxial and 3D non-paraxial fields. This discovery opens up new avenues for investigating spin-related phenomena and optical manipulation using unpolarized light.
Article
Optics
Pengcheng Chen, Dunzhao Wei, Yipeng Zhang, Yong Zhang, Min Xiao
Summary: A method of using a geometric phase plate (GPP) to control transverse modes in an optical resonator is proposed. By engineering the phases carried by the GPP, it is possible to break the symmetry of mode structures, generate high-order transverse modes, and discriminate different Laguerre-Gaussian modes.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Di Colandrea, Alessio D'Errico, Maria Maffei, Hannah M. Price, Maciej Lewenstein, Lorenzo Marrucci, Filippo Cardano, Alexandre Dauphin, Pietro Massignan
Summary: This paper investigates the analogy between the topological properties of Hofstadter Hamiltonians and the diffraction figures resulting from optical gratings. By establishing a one-to-one relation between Diophantine equations and the Bragg condition, the influence of structural disorder on the robustness of diffraction figures in optical gratings is discussed, which can be analogous to the robustness of transverse conductance in the quantum Hall effect.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raouf Barboza, Amin Babazadeh, Lorenzo Marrucci, Filippo Cardano, Corrado de Lisio, Vincenzo D'Ambrosio
Summary: The authors introduce a new optical encoding technique called linear photonic gears, which enables ultra-sensitive measurements of transverse displacements by mapping them into the polarization rotation of a laser beam. They argue that a resolution of 50 pm should be achievable with existing state-of-the-art technologies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Sergei Slussarenko, Dominick J. Joch, Nora Tischler, Farzad Ghafari, Lynden K. Shalm, Varun B. Verma, Sae Woo Nam, Geoff J. Pryde
Summary: Violating a nonlocality inequality is key to remote quantum information tasks and fundamental tests of quantum physics. In this study, the completion of the quantum steering nonlocality task was demonstrated using optical vector vortex states for transmitting photons, closing the detection loophole. This important breakthrough opens up possibilities for high-efficiency encoding, free-space and satellite-based secure quantum communication devices, and device-independent protocols.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2022)
News Item
Optics
Bruno Piccirillo, Veronica Vicuna-Hernandez
Summary: The resonance wavelengths of optical Mobius strip microcavities can be continuously tuned by changing the thickness-to-width ratio of the strip through geometric phase manipulation.
Article
Optics
Jean-Luc Begin, Ashish Jain, Andrew Parks, Felix Hufnagel, Paul Corkum, Ebrahim Karimi, Thomas Brabec, Ravi Bhardwaj
Summary: Chiral interactions are prevalent in nature, and the use of linearly polarized helical light beams as chiral reagents demonstrates efficient chiral sensitivity. Nonlinear absorption of helical light beams offers a new chiroptical detection scheme for both chiral and achiral molecules in liquid phase.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shilong Liu, Yingwen Zhang, Boris A. A. Malomed, Ebrahim Karimi
Summary: The authors experimentally realized an optical fractional Schrodinger equation (FSE) using programmable holograms and single-shot measurement technique. They observed diverse forms of temporal dynamics, including solitary, splitting and merging pulses, double Airy modes, and rain-like multi-pulse patterns. The experimentally generated fractional time-domain pulses offer the potential for designing optical signal-processing schemes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bruno Piccirillo, Domenico Paparo, Andrea Rubano, Antonello Andreone, Marcello Rossetti Conti, Dario Giove, Veronica Vicuna-Hernandez, Can Koral, Maria Rosaria Masullo, Giovanni Mettivier, Michele Opromolla, Gianpaolo Papari, Andrea Passarelli, Giuseppe Pesce, Vittoria Petrillo, Ester Piedipalumbo, Marcel Ruijter, Paolo Russo, Luca Serafini
Summary: In this work, a liquid crystal-based modular and extendable platform is proposed for studying materials by analyzing polarization and wavefront of light. This platform will be driven by the future THz-FEL source TerRa@BriXSinO, which produces high power radiation in the THz-range. Liquid crystal-based geometric phase components have been fabricated to optimize the source's potential for accurately determining polarization- and wavefront-sensitive properties of materials. This platform allows characterizing various properties of materials and can add orbital angular momentum for investigating chiral agents' properties using nonlinear optics techniques.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Florence Grenapin, Alessio D'Errico, Ebrahim Karimi
Summary: Some anisotropic materials form semicrystalline structures called spherulites, which exhibit a characteristic maltese-cross-like pattern when observed in a polarisation microscope. These patterns are associated with a strong light's spin-orbit coupling induced by the spherulite structures. Experimental demonstrations using crystallized ascorbic acid samples show the creation of optical vortices in transmitted laser beams and the formation of inhomogeneous polarisation patterns. These findings suggest potential applications of spherulites based on other materials in challenging tasks of polarisation and spatial shaping of electromagnetic radiation, especially in the THz domain.
Article
Optics
Veronica Vicuna-Hernandez, Filippo Cardano, Pegah Darvehi, Lorenzo Marrucci, Andrea Rubano, Bruno Piccirillo
Summary: Asymmetric polarization disclinations, namely monstars, can be created either by superimposing three spatial modes with circular polarization states or by using a modulated Poincare beam. The latter consists of an inseparable superposition of a circularly-polarized fundamental Gaussian beam TEM00 and a second beam with an opposite circular polarization and an azimuthally-modulated vortex. By analyzing the spatial modes involved in the superposition, the latter method allows for the generation of multiple disclinations and effective predictions of the resulting patterns at the design stage.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Valeria Cimini, Emanuele Polino, Federico Belliardo, Francesco Hoch, Bruno Piccirillo, Nicolo Spagnolo, Vittorio Giovannetti, Fabio Sciarrino
Summary: Adopting quantum resources for parameter estimation enables quantum sensors to achieve sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit. We propose a method that allows the resources to reach the same power law of Heisenberg scaling without prior knowledge of the parameter. Experimental results show sub-standard quantum limit performances in measuring a rotation angle using high-order orbital angular momentum of single-photon states, achieving an error reduction >10 dB below the standard quantum limit. These results have implications for resource optimization in quantum sensing.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2023)
Article
Optics
Danilo Zia, Nazanin Dehghan, Alessio D'Errico, Fabio Sciarrino, Ebrahim Karimi
Summary: Biphoton digital holography is a method that uses coincidence imaging to retrieve amplitude and phase information of an unknown biphoton state. This approach allows for a more efficient and reliable characterization of high-dimensional biphoton states. The proposed reconstruction technique achieves a three orders of magnitude faster measurement time and an average fidelity of 87% compared to previous experiments.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Qasem Exirifard, Ebrahim Karimi
Summary: This paper investigates the propagation of a localized wave function of a massive scalar field in its rest frame. It presents the complete orthogonal Hermite-Gauss basis and adapts the Gouy phase and Rayleigh scale notions. The paper calculates the leading and subleading gravitational corrections to a localized quantum wave function propagating in a generally curved spacetime geometry and derives cross-talk coefficients among the modes. The study shows that spherically symmetric modes propagate along the geodesic, while nonspherical modes experience a mode-dependent residual quantum force at the subleading order.
