Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Lukas Martinetz, Klaus Hornberger, Benjamin A. Stickler
Summary: This article provides a theoretical toolbox for describing the rotational and translational quantum dynamics of charged nano- to microscale objects near metallic and dielectric surfaces. The resulting quantum master equations describe the interaction between the surface and particles as well as surface-induced decoherence and heating.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deng Pan, Hongxing Xu, F. Javier Garcia de Abajo
Summary: The technique of Doppler cooling is used to laser cool atoms, molecules, and nanoparticles by exploiting the Doppler shift associated with translational motion. The rotational Doppler effect can enable optical manipulation of the rotational motion of nanosystems, with rich and unexplored physics including a strong dependence on particle morphology. Exciting possibilities are opened up to control the rotational motion of nanosystems through rotational Doppler cooling and heating effects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andreas Schindewolf, Roman Bause, Xing-Yan Chen, Marcel Duda, Tijs Karman, Immanuel Bloch, Xin-Yu Luo
Summary: Ultracold polar molecules, with their strong electric dipole moments and rich internal structure, offer great potential for exploring exotic quantum matter, implementing quantum information schemes, and testing the fundamental symmetries of nature. However, the unstable collisions between molecules have so far prevented direct cooling to quantum degenerate states. In this study, we demonstrate evaporative cooling of fermionic sodium-potassium molecules to temperatures well below the Fermi temperature using microwave shielding.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Fulin Deng, Xing-Yan Chen, Xin-Yu Luo, Wenxian Zhang, Su Yi, Tao Shi
Summary: We show analytically that the interaction potential between microwave-shielded polar molecules consists of a shielding core and a modified dipolar interaction. The validity of this effective potential is confirmed by comparing its scattering cross sections with those calculated using the full intermolecular potential. Our results demonstrate the possibility of inducing a scattering resonance under current microwave field conditions. Using the effective potential, we also study the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer pairing in microwave-shielded NaK gas and find a significant enhancement in the superfluid critical temperature near the resonance. These findings open up new paths for exploring the many-body physics of ultracold gases with microwave-shielded molecular gases.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun-Ru Li, Kyle Matsuda, Calder Miller, Annette N. Carroll, William G. Tobias, Jacob S. Higgins, Jun Ye
Summary: We demonstrate tunable itinerant spin dynamics using a gas of potassium-rubidium molecules confined to two-dimensional planes, where a spin-1/2 system is encoded into the molecular rotational levels. The dipolar interaction gives rise to a shift of the rotational transition frequency and a collision-limited Ramsey contrast decay that emerges from the coupled spin and motion. Both the Ising and spin-exchange interactions are precisely tuned by varying the strength and orientation of an electric field, as well as the internal molecular state.
Article
Physics, Applied
Sheng-Qiang Li, Nan-Nan Zhang
Summary: An electrostatic lattice, composed of micro-scale traps, is a powerful tool for manipulating cold polar molecules on a chip. However, nonadiabatic transitions in the existing electrostatic lattice often lead to molecule escape. In this paper, we propose a new electrode structure to avoid the zero-field zone at the trap center, effectively preventing nonadiabatic transitions. We numerically calculate the spatial electrostatic field distribution, investigate the effects of voltages on field intensity and trap center height, simulate molecule trajectories using Monte Carlo method, and analyze the factors affecting loading efficiency and positional distribution of trapped molecules.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
James Greenberg, O. A. Krohn, Jason A. Bossert, Yomay Shyur, David Macaluso, N. J. Fitch, H. J. Lewandowski
Summary: The study focuses on producing high densities of molecules for low-temperature, ion-molecule reaction studies using traveling-wave Stark decelerators. The researchers managed to continuously decelerate ND3 molecules while addressing the control of high-voltage potentials. Different slowing schemes were tested to improve energy resolution for subsequent reaction studies, indicating the potential for achieving cold, energy-resolved ion-neutral reactions using a combined apparatus.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. O'Donoghue, L. Moore, T. Bhakyapaibul, H. Melin, T. Stallard, J. E. P. Connerney, C. Tao
Summary: Jupiter's upper atmosphere is hotter than expected, with temperatures decreasing steadily from the auroral polar regions to the equator. High-resolution observations confirm that Jupiter's global upper atmosphere is predominantly heated by the redistribution of auroral energy.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hailong Shi, Weimin Gan, Claude Esling, Yudong Zhang, Xiaojun Wang, Emad Maawad, Andreas Stark, Xiaohu Li, Lidong Wang
Summary: In this study, the orientation evolution of cold-rolled Cu foils during heating was investigated, and the results showed a transition from the cold-rolling texture to a recrystallization texture dominated by two rotated orientations. The formation of the recrystallization texture was influenced by both intrinsic microstructural factors and extrinsic geometrical factors. The post-nucleation growth was affected by the biaxial thermal elastic constraint and surface energy, resulting in a mixed texture at the completion of recrystallization. The coherent Sigma 3 boundaries stabilized the growth of the new components.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Jessie T. Zhang, Lewis R. B. Picard, William B. Cairncross, Kenneth Wang, Yichao Yu, Fang Fang, Kang-Kuen Ni
Summary: Researchers have extended the molecular assembly technique to an array of five molecules, enabling control and manipulation of multiple molecules and unlocking the ability to study molecular interactions. They have outlined the technical challenges and solutions inherent in scaling up this system, providing a platform to utilize the vast resources and long-range dipolar interactions of molecules.
QUANTUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Koller, F. Jung, J. Phrompao, M. Zeppenfeld, I. M. Rabey, G. Rempe
Summary: The paper investigates the method of achieving high-density cold collision experiments by controlling the electric field. The researchers used a cryofuge to load CH3F molecules into an electric trap, reaching densities up to 10(7)/cm3, and successfully controlled the inelastic rate constants by tuning the electric field. The findings have implications for other cold-molecule collision experiments.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jingxiong Yu, Yuwan Chen, Jiangle Zhang, Shanjun Chen, Qiaolin Wang, Zhengbo Qin, Zichao Tang
Summary: The novel SE-LIAD/TOF-MS technique described in this study allows for fast and efficient mass spectrometry analysis with high sensitivity, particularly for non-acidic, non-basic, or non-polar species. The method demonstrates enhanced signal detection compared to standard LIAD methods, and offers rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis capabilities with good sensitivity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shweta Mishra, V Manjuladevi, Raj Kumar Gupta
Summary: The study shows that as the concentration of ZOR nanorods increases, the order parameter of LC nanocomposites increases while the ionic conductivity decreases. Beyond 0.3 wt % concentration of nanorods, vertical alignment of host LC is observed even in planar aligned cells.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Henrik H. Kristensen, Lorenz Kranabetter, Constant A. Schouder, Christoph Stapper, Jacqueline Arlt, Marcel Mudrich, Henrik Stapelfeldt
Summary: In this study, rubidium dimers on helium nanodroplets were doubly ionized by an intense femtosecond laser pulse, resulting in fragmentation into a pair of Rb+ ions. We demonstrate that the kinetic energy of the Rb+ fragment ions can be used to identify dimers in either the X or a state. The abundance ratio of dimers in the a and X states was found to be between 4:1 and 5:1, depending on the mean droplet size. This technique can be applied to alkali atom dimers and trimers and enable femtosecond time-resolved measurements of their rotational and vibrational dynamics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sean Burchesky, Loic Anderegg, Yicheng Bao, Scarlett S. Yu, Eunmi Chae, Wolfgang Ketterle, Kang-Kuen Ni, John M. Doyle
Summary: Coherence times of rotational state qubits of laser-cooled CaF molecules in optical tweezer traps are reported, demonstrating potential as high fidelity qubits. Improvement in coherence time is suggested through further cooling and suppression of inhomogeneous broadening by tuning tweezer polarization and applied magnetic field to a magic angle. A single spin-echo pulse can extend coherence time to nearly half a second.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
N. J. Fitch, J. Lim, E. A. Hinds, B. E. Sauer, M. R. Tarbutt
Summary: Measurements of the electron's electric dipole moment (eEDM) can be significantly improved using ultracold YbF molecules, which can generate precise molecular beams through techniques such as magnetic focussing and laser trapping. Noise reduction and systematic effect control are important considerations in reaching the shot-noise limit of sensitivity for eEDM measurements.
QUANTUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Jurgilas, A. Chakraborty, C. J. H. Rich, L. Caldwell, H. J. Williams, N. J. Fitch, B. E. Sauer, Matthew D. Frye, Jeremy M. Hutson, M. R. Tarbutt
Summary: In this study, mixtures of ultracold CaF molecules and Rb atoms were prepared in a magnetic trap for analyzing their inelastic collisions. The results indicate that the nature of collisions varies depending on the rotational states of the molecules involved.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Jurgilas, A. Chakraborty, C. J. H. Rich, B. E. Sauer, Matthew D. Frye, Jeremy M. Hutson, M. R. Tarbutt
Summary: The study focuses on inelastic collisions between CaF molecules and Rb-87 atoms in a dual-species magneto-optical trap, where the presence of atoms increases the loss rate of molecules. A collisional loss rate coefficient was determined at a temperature of 2.4 mK, showing that the observed loss rate is close to the universal rate expected in the presence of fast loss at short range, and is mainly influenced by rotation-changing collisions in the ground electronic state.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julian Heckoetter, Valentin Walther, Stefan Scheel, Manfred Bayer, Thomas Pohl, Marc Assmann
Summary: Researchers demonstrated the generation and control of strong exciton interactions in cuprous oxide semiconductors by producing two distinct quantum states of Rydberg excitons through two-color pump-probe experiments. This led to the emergence of strong spatial correlations and an inter-state Rydberg blockade over remarkably large distances. The semiconductor excitons exhibited universal properties dependent on the interaction potential shape, indicating vastly extended-range and power-law character.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
X. Alauze, J. Lim, M. A. Trigatzis, S. Swarbrick, F. J. Collings, N. J. Fitch, B. E. Sauer, M. R. Tarbutt
Summary: Two-dimensional transverse laser cooling is utilized to create an ultracold YbF molecule beam, significantly increasing brightness and allowing for precise experiments with a statistical precision better than 10(-30) e cm, particularly for measuring the electron electric dipole moment.
QUANTUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Chi Zhang, Chaoqun Zhang, Lan Cheng, Timothy C. Steimle, Michael R. Tarbutt
Summary: In this study, we theoretically investigated the impact of 4f electron excited states on laser cooling of YbF molecules. We found that the presence of 4f hole states hinders laser cooling and leads to molecule loss. We also identified a leakage phenomenon outside of the cooling cycle, which affects the cooling efficiency.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
G. Barontini, L. Blackburn, V. Boyer, F. Butuc-Mayer, X. Calmet, J. R. Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, E. A. Curtis, B. Darquie, J. Dunningham, N. J. Fitch, E. M. Forgan, K. Georgiou, P. Gill, R. M. Godun, J. Goldwin, V. Guarrera, A. C. Harwood, I. R. Hill, R. J. Hendricks, M. Jeong, M. Y. H. Johnson, M. Keller, L. P. Kozhiparambil Sajith, F. Kuipers, H. S. Margolis, C. Mayo, P. Newman, A. O. Parsons, L. Prokhorov, B. I. Robertson, J. Rodewald, M. S. Safronova, B. E. Sauer, M. Schioppo, N. Sherrill, Y. V. Stadnik, K. Szymaniec, M. R. Tarbutt, R. C. Thompson, A. Tofful, J. Tunesi, A. Vecchio, Y. Wang, S. Worm
Summary: This article discusses how a network of atomic and molecular clocks can be used to detect variations in fundamental constants, with a focus on the QSNET project. The authors describe the goals and expected performance of QSNET, and highlight its potential to discover new physics and shed light on the nature of dark matter and dark energy.
EPJ QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
C. J. Ho, J. Lim, B. E. Sauer, M. R. Tarbutt
Summary: Theories extending the Standard Model introduce new interactions that violate CP symmetry. By measuring the nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment, CP-violating effects within a nucleus can be probed. The use of heavy polar molecules with quadrupole deformation enhances the sensitivity of such measurements. The energy levels of molecules are shifted by the magnetic quadrupole moment, and a generic scheme for preparing superposition states is developed. This method can reduce uncertainties on CP-violating parameters.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bijit Mukherjee, Matthew D. Frye, C. Ruth Le Sueur, Michael R. Tarbutt, Jeremy M. Hutson
Summary: We investigate the effects of strong static electric fields on collisions between ultracold CaF molecules. The presence of these fields creates long-range barriers in the interaction potential, preventing the molecules from undergoing inelastic and other loss processes in the short-range region. By utilizing a Van Vleck transformation, we develop an efficient method to incorporate energetically well-separated rotor functions in our calculations. Our results demonstrate that shielding is highly effective for CaF molecules, reducing the rate of two-body loss processes by a factor of 107 or more at a field strength of 23 kV/cm. While electron and nuclear spins cause additional loss in limited field ranges, their impact is negligible elsewhere. These findings lay the groundwork for evaporative cooling of CaF towards quantum degeneracy.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Chi Zhang, M. R. Tarbutt
Summary: An array of polar molecules interacting with Rydberg atoms is a promising hybrid system for scalable quantum computation, with high fidelity and little sensitivity to particle motional states. This system allows for two-qubit gates in a static array, rapid qubit initialization, and efficient readout without driving molecular transitions or moving the molecules.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Julien Pinske, Stefan Scheel
Summary: We have developed a unified operator framework for quantum holonomies generated from bosonic systems. By considering systems with a Hamiltonian that is bilinear in the creation and annihilation operators, we have discovered a holonomy group that is solely determined by a set of selected orthonormal modes obeying a stronger version of the adiabatic theorem. This photon-number independent approach provides a deeper understanding and computational advantage compared to the standard formalism on geometric phases. Additionally, we have found a strong analogy between quantum holonomies and linear optical networks, offering a specific recipe for making any linear optical quantum computation geometrically robust in terms of adiabatic or nonadiabatic geometric phases.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Optics
Julien Pinske, Stefan Scheel
Summary: This article investigates the generation of non-Abelian geometric phases from a system of evanescently coupled waveguides using nonorthogonal coupled-mode theory. A feasible tripod arrangement of waveguides is studied, which contains dark states that can undergo nontrivial U(2) mixing through an adiabatic parameter variation. The influence of higher-order contributions and self-coupling on the stability of a non-Abelian U(3) phase generated from an optical tetrapod setup is also examined. The results indicate that, despite the mode nonorthogonality, the symmetry of dark states protects the geometric evolution of light from distortion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Patric Rommel, Joerg Main, Sjard Ole Krueger, Stefan Scheel
Summary: Researchers explored dipole interseries transitions between yellow and green exciton series in cuprous oxide, including the complex valence-band structure, by extending previous studies on the spectrum of complex green exciton resonances. The calculations on interseries transitions were enhanced by a more comprehensive treatment of the valence-band structure, in addition to optical transitions between different exciton states and transitions from the crystal ground state.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Thomas Stielow, Stefan Scheel
Summary: Single-shot wide-angle diffraction imaging is a method widely used for investigating the structure of noncrystallizing objects, with no need for tomographic measurements to reconstruct the object's three-dimensional structure. Neural networks excel in image processing tasks and can be utilized for reconstructing object structures.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
L. Caldwell, M. R. Tarbutt
Summary: State-dependent optical tweezers can be used to trap a pair of molecules with enhanced dipole-dipole interaction. A general approach using the tensor part of the ac Stark shift is described, applicable to various classes of molecules for two-qubit gates.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2021)
