Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Svenya Chripko, Rym Msadek, Emilia Sanchez-Gomez, Laurent Terray, Laurent Bessieres, Marie-Pierre Moine
Summary: The study found that the decrease in Arctic sea ice leads to a significant temperature increase in the Arctic region, with noticeable temperature anomalies in the midlatitudes - warming in North America and Europe, and cooling in Central Asia. The warming in North America and Europe can be explained by changes in atmospheric circulation and advection of warmer oceanic air, while the sea ice-induced cooling in Central Asia is solely due to dynamical changes.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyein Jeong, Hyo-Seok Park, Malte F. Stuecker, Sang-Wook Yeh
Summary: The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a significant impact on Arctic temperature, and accurately representing sea surface temperature patterns is crucial for Arctic climate predictions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Joonsuk M. M. Kang, Tiffany A. Shaw, Lantao Sun
Summary: Observations show that Arctic sea ice has decreased and midlatitude storminess has weakened during Northern Hemisphere summertime. This study quantifies the impact of Arctic sea ice loss on summertime storminess using climate model simulations. The results indicate that Arctic sea ice loss weakens summertime storminess in the mid-to-late 21st century, but only when there is ocean coupling. Transient simulations show that Arctic sea ice loss does not significantly weaken summertime storminess until the late 21st century. Additionally, Arctic Amplification does not significantly impact the present-day weakening of summertime storminess.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. Sledd, T. S. L'Ecuyer, J. E. Kay, M. Steele
Summary: As Arctic sea ice retreats, the warming of the upper ocean in response to atmospheric heat fluxes is influenced by the timing of sea ice retreat and the radiative impacts of clouds. Clouds can reflect solar radiation and counteract summer warming, explaining up to 13% more variability in maximum annual sea surface temperatures under modern-day CO2 concentrations. Summer clouds have little direct effect on maximum annual SST under pre-industrial CO2 concentrations, but they become three times more sensitive when CO2 concentrations are four times pre-industrial levels.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Taotao Zhang, Siguang Zhu, Yaoming Song, Xiaoyi Wang, Haishan Chen
Summary: This study investigates dominant modes of interannual variability of northern Eurasian winter snowfall during 1982-2020 and their influencing factors and associated physical processes. The study finds that anomalous atmospheric circulations, teleconnection patterns, and Arctic sea ice variations play a major role in snowfall variability.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Maialen Martija-Diez, Belen Rodriguez-Fonseca, Jorge Lopez-Parages
Summary: Studies show that the increase in global air temperatures leads to more frequent extreme events in regions like Europe, with the intensity of heatwaves potentially linked to interannual variability of mean temperature. ENSO has a nonlinear and nonstationary impact on temperatures in Western Europe, showing a change in seasonality over decades. Warmer conditions in Western European temperatures are significantly correlated to ENSO characteristics of previous seasons, suggesting a potential source for improving seasonal forecasts.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
K. Nakata, K. Ohshima
Summary: Frazil ice in coastal polynyas is important for sea ice production and biological production. This study presents the first mapping of active frazil in the Northern Hemisphere and improves estimates of sea ice production. It is found that the Antarctic coastal polynyas have higher ice production and active frazil occurrence compared to the Northern Hemisphere largely due to stronger wind events.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ju-Seok Han, Hyo-Seok Park, Eui-Seok Chung
Summary: This study analyzes climate models to demonstrate the wide range of responses in central Arctic sea surface temperatures (SSTs) as a result of the projected ice-free summer Arctic. It shows that the extent of warming in the central Arctic in August-September is loosely correlated with September sea ice extent, but more strongly connected to sea ice extent in spring to early summer. Certain climate models predict a complete disappearance of the perennial sea ice cover in September, leading to a 5 to 8 degree Celsius rise in central Arctic SSTs by the end of the 21st century.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xulong He, Ruonan Zhang, Shuoyi Ding, Zhiyan Zuo
Summary: This study reveals that the reduction of Arctic sea ice may lead to the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation, impacting climate in mid-high-latitude regions across different geographical locations and seasons. Specifically, the loss of sea ice in autumn weakens the stratospheric polar vortex, influencing surface air temperature and precipitation patterns in Siberia, northeastern North America, and Europe. The results suggest important implications for future seasonal and interdecadal forecasts in the context of ongoing sea ice decline.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Minju Kim, Changhyun Yoo, Mi-Kyung Sung, Sukyoung Lee
Summary: The energetics of major atmospheric teleconnection patterns in the Northern Hemisphere winter were examined to investigate the roles of baroclinic and barotropic energy conversions in their growth. The patterns were classified into three types: meridional dipole, wave, and hybrid, based on characteristics of energetics and horizontal structures. The primary factor differentiating these patterns is the baroclinic energy conversion of available potential energy from climatology to the eddy field associated with teleconnections.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jan Streffing, Tido Semmler, Lorenzo Zampieri, Thomas Jung
Summary: This study investigates the atmospheric response to future changes in Arctic sea ice using model experiments, finding that model resolution does not significantly affect the simulated results, and ensemble convergence towards the mean is also unaffected by resolution in this case.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Seung-Kyu Kim, Hee-Jee Lee, Ji-Su Kim, Sung-Ho Kang, Eun-Jin Yang, Kyoung-Ho Cho, Zhexi Tian, Anthony Andrady
Summary: The study revealed that the plastic particles trapped in Arctic sea ice are comparable to those in other Arctic basins, suggesting a strong linkage between the Western Arctic Ocean and the Arctic Central Basin. Additionally, it highlighted the role of the Western Arctic Ocean ice zone as a sink for global microplastics and a potential source for Arctic microplastics.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Russell Blackport, James A. Screen
Summary: The study uses regression analysis to quantify the relationship between Arctic sea ice and midlatitude winter climate, with coupled models showing better simulation of observed links between Arctic sea ice and midlatitude temperatures. However, connections are either absent or substantially weaker in models prescribed with only observed sea ice variability.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Qiongqiong Cai, Dmitry Beletsky, Jia Wang, Ruibo Lei
Summary: This study analyzes the interannual and decadal variability of summer Arctic sea ice, showing its relationship with various internal climate patterns and how the variability of sea ice modes has changed over time. The reduction of Arctic summer sea ice over the recent decades is attributed to a combination of factors, including anthropogenic warming and atmospheric and dynamical influences.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Saber E. Brasher, Daniel J. Leathers
Summary: The study examines trends in Northern Hemisphere cryo-cover from 1979 to 2020, revealing a decreasing trend in cryo-cover with sea ice decreasing in all months and snow cover increasing in autumn and early winter. Stable cryo-cover is observed to decrease while transient cover increases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Thomas J. Ballinger, Cameron C. Lee, Scott C. Sheridan, Alex D. Crawford, James E. Overland, Muyin Wang
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Dagmar Budikova, Trent W. Ford, Thomas J. Ballinger
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2019)
Review
Environmental Sciences
J. Cohen, X. Zhang, J. Francis, T. Jung, R. Kwok, J. Overland, T. J. Ballinger, U. S. Bhatt, H. W. Chen, D. Coumou, S. Feldstein, H. Gu, D. Handorf, G. Henderson, M. Ionita, M. Kretschmer, F. Laliberte, S. Lee, H. W. Linderholm, W. Maslowski, Y. Peings, K. Pfeiffer, I. Rigor, T. Semmler, J. Stroeve, P. C. Taylor, S. Vavrus, T. Vihma, S. Wang, M. Wendisch, Y. Wu, J. Yoon
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2020)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
John E. Walsh, Thomas J. Ballinger, Eugenie S. Euskirchen, Edward Hanna, Johanna Mard, James E. Overland, Helge Tangen, Timo Vihma
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Edward Hanna, John Cappelen, Xavier Fettweis, Sebastian H. Mernild, Thomas L. Mote, Ruth Mottram, Konrad Steffen, Thomas J. Ballinger, Richard Hall
Summary: The analysis of Greenland temperature data reveals that despite significant warming trends in recent decades, overall temperature trends have been relatively stable and insignificant since 2001. Additionally, both coastal and inland stations in Greenland show similar trends in summer temperature changes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Thomas J. Ballinger, Edward Hanna, Richard J. Hall, J. Rachel Carr, Saber Brasher, Erich C. Osterberg, John Cappelen, Marco Tedesco, Qinghua Ding, Sebastian H. Mernild
Summary: Significant climate changes have occurred in Greenland over the past century, with atmospheric circulation playing a strong role in controlling surface temperatures. The study highlights the importance of understanding the evolving two-way linkages between the North Atlantic marine and atmospheric environment for accurate predictions of Greenland's seasonal climate variability and change through the 21st century.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saeideh Gharehchahi, William H. M. James, Anshuman Bhardwaj, Jennifer L. R. Jensen, Lydia Sam, Thomas J. Ballinger, David R. Butler
Review
Environmental Sciences
J. E. Overland, T. J. Ballinger, J. Cohen, J. A. Francis, E. Hanna, R. Jaiser, B. -M Kim, S. -J Kim, J. Ukita, T. Vihma, M. Wang, X. Zhang
Summary: Pronounced changes in the Arctic environment contribute to anomalous weather patterns in midlatitudes, but uncertainties in the atmosphere's chaotic nature and internal atmospheric dynamics obscure direct causes and effects. Reduced sea ice coverage in different Arctic regions can lead to various downstream weather impacts in different seasons.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saeideh Gharehchahi, Thomas J. Ballinger, Jennifer L. R. Jensen, Anshuman Bhardwaj, Lydia Sam, Russell C. Weaver, David R. Butler
Summary: Glacier mass balance has shown persistent negative trends and decreasing accumulation area ratios in recent decades, mainly attributed to summer mass losses and correlated with warming air temperatures. Factors such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation play a significant role in the interannual variability of summer and winter mass balances. Additionally, the observed correlations and trends in glacier mass balance are consistent with the hypsometric distribution and morphology of the glaciers in the region.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thomas J. Ballinger, John E. Walsh, Uma S. Bhatt, Peter A. Bieniek, Mark A. Tschudi, Brian Brettschneider, Hajo Eicken, Andrew R. Mahoney, Jackie Richter-Menge, Lewis H. Shapiro
Summary: The weather anomalies in the Beaufort-Chukchi region during the winter of 2020 included frequent storms and the collapse of the climatological Beaufort High, leading to anomalous eastward drift of the ice cover. Unlike previous collapses, most cyclones in late winter 2020 originated locally over the western Arctic Ocean.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Thomas J. Ballinger, James E. Overland
Summary: Recent observations indicate significant changes in the Arctic climate of Alaska, including new weather patterns that impact the marine ecosystem. The last five years (2017-2021) have been identified as a period of remarkable change, with extremely low winter and spring ice coverage in the Bering Sea in 2018 and 2019 associated with a shifted Aleutian Low and a ridging of the polar jet stream. The Beaufort High and associated Beaufort Gyre also experienced multiple collapses during winters in 2017 and 2020, which were unique events in the modern era of reanalysis. These changes in atmospheric circulation and sea ice loss suggest the beginning of a period with more frequent major sea-ice loss events and their associated impacts. These impacts include floods, delayed spring blooms, and disruptions in the marine food chain, occurring earlier than projected by climate models.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thomas J. Ballinger, G. W. K. Moore, Yarisbel Garcia-Quintana, Paul G. Myers, Amreen A. Imrit, Daniel Topal, Walter N. Meier
Summary: This study documents abrupt changes in Baffin Bay sea ice cover in October from 1950 to 2021, highlighting a transition to largely ice-free conditions in the northeast and thinner ice in the northwest since 2001. The changes are primarily attributed to the warming of Atlantic-origin water flowing into northeastern Baffin Bay and the cyclonic surface current in the basin.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Thomas J. Ballinger, John E. Walsh, Vladimir A. Alexeev, Peter A. Bieniek, Jordan T. McLeod
Summary: This study describes the creation and analysis of the mid-tropospheric Alaska Blocking Index (ABI) from 1948 to 2020, and evaluates its relationship with temperature and precipitation in Alaska. The results show that ABI is positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with precipitation, especially in summer. ABI has shown positive trends over the past few decades and differs from the primary modes of atmospheric variability in the Arctic.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Topal, Qinghua Ding, Thomas J. Ballinger, Edward Hanna, Xavier Fettweis, Zhe Li, Ildiko Pieczka
Summary: This study finds that the variability of atmospheric circulation in the Arctic, especially the anomalies of mid-to-upper-tropospheric anticyclonic winds linked with tropical forcing, has a significant impact on Greenland ice sheet melt. It suggests that large-scale winds may enhance sea-level rise and raises concerns about the limitations of models in capturing wind-driven adiabatic processes associated with Greenland ice melt.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Thomas J. Ballinger, Thomas L. Mote, Kyle Mattingly, Angela C. Bliss, Edward Hanna, Dirk van As, Melissa Prieto, Saeideh Gharehchahi, Xavier Fettweis, Brice Noel, Paul C. J. P. Smeets, Carleen H. Reijmer, Mads H. Ribergaard, John Cappelen