Review
Engineering, Marine
Camila Barria, Piera Vasquez-Calderon, Catalina Lizama, Pablo Herrera, Anahi Canto, Pablo Conejeros, Orietta Beltrami, Benjamin A. Suarez-Isla, Daniel Carrasco, Ignacio Rubilar, Leonardo Guzman, L. Rene Duran, Doris Oliva
Summary: Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are a global problem that has been increasing in frequency in the Southeast Pacific region of Chile. The types of HABs in Chile include toxic HABs and ichthyotoxic HABs, with a lack of knowledge about harmful algal species in the Chilean Humboldt Current system. The occurrence and impacts of HAB events in Chile have been analyzed over a 65-year period, with diatoms, dinoflagellates, and silicoflagellates being the main causative microalgae species. The frequency of HAB events appears to be associated with monitoring efforts.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Patricio A. Diaz, Carlos Molinet, Miriam Seguel, Edwin J. Niklitschek, Manuel Diaz, Gonzalo Alvarez, Ivan Perez-Santos, Daniel Varela, Leonardo Guzman, Camilo Rodriguez-Villegas, Rosa Figueroa
Summary: This study examined the spatial and temporal dynamics of PSP toxicity in clams in two fishing grounds in southern Chile. The results showed differences in the spatial variability and temporal dynamics of PSP toxicity.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Eileen Bresnan, Fabiola Arevalo, Catherine Belin, Maria A. C. Branco, Allan D. Cembella, Dave Clarke, Jorge Correa, Keith Davidson, Monika Dhanji-Rapkova, Raul Fernandez Lozano, Margarita Fernandez-Tejedor, Hafsteinn Guofinnsson, David Jaen Carbonell, Aitor Laza-Martinez, Maud Lemoine, Adam M. Lewis, Luz Maman Menedez, Benjamin H. Maskrey, April McKinney, Yolanda Pazos, Marta Revilla, Raffaele Siano, Alexandra Silva, Sarah Swan, Andrew D. Turner, Laura Schweibold, Pieter Provoost, Henrik Enevoldsen
Summary: The study utilized the IOC-ICES-PICES Harmful Algal Event Database to examine the diversity and spatiotemporal distribution of harmful algal events along the Atlantic margin of Europe from 1987-2018, showcasing different toxin groups and regional differences.
Article
Environmental Sciences
P. V. Andrade-Villagran, M. J. Aguero, J. M. Navarro, A. Urzua
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of paralytic shellfish toxins produced by Alexandrium catenella on the bioenergetic composition and fatty acid profile of the carnivorous snail Chorus giganteus. The results showed that there was no difference in the feeding rate between toxic and non-toxic snails, but a higher protein level was observed in toxic snails. The fatty acid profile of C. giganteus was affected by the toxic diet, with higher levels of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids found in toxic snails.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Soledad Garrido, Pilar Riobo, Pilar Rial, Francisco Rodriguez
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the biological interactions among the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans and the toxic dinoflagellates Dinophysis acuminata and Alexandrium minutum. The results showed that there were negative allelopathic effects between N. scintillans and D. acuminata and A. minutum, leading to inhibition of the growth of the toxic dinoflagellates.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guillaume Durier, Jean-Bruno Nadalini, Luc A. Comeau, Michel Starr, Sonia Michaud, Damien Tran, Richard St-Louis, Jose M. F. Babarro, Jeff C. Clements, Rejean Tremblay
Summary: This study used valvometry to monitor the gaping behavior of blue mussels exposed to toxic microalgae. It found that mussels exposed to Alexandrium catenella, which produces paralytic shellfish toxins, tended to keep their valves open for a longer time compared to non-exposed mussels. The change in gaping behavior was observed even at low toxin concentrations. This suggests that valvometry can be used as an early-warning tool for the presence of toxic microalgae.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yadong Cao, Jiangbing Qiu, Aifeng Li, Lei Zhang, Guowang Yan, Ying Ji, Jingrui Zhang, Peng Zhao, Xizhen Wu
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao. Multiple PST components were detected in seawater, sediment, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and various marine organisms. All bivalve shellfish samples contained PSTs, posing a serious threat to human health.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Javier Paredes-Mella, Jorge Mardones, Luis Norambuena, Gonzalo Fuenzalida, Gissela Labra, Oscar Espinoza-Gonzalez, Leonardo Guzman
Summary: Since its first detection in 1972 in Chile's Magallanes Region, the toxic dinoflagellate A. catenella has shown an apparent oceanic range expansion from south to the north. In 2018-2019, A. catenella was detected for the first time in the northern areas off the Bio-Bio Region, marking the northernmost detection of this species on the Pacific coast of Chile. This discovery has important implications for species monitoring and governmental management in the Bio-Bio Region.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Leyberth Jose Fernandez-Herrera, Christine Johanna Band-Schmidt, Tania Zenteno-Savin, Ignacio Leyva-Valencia, Claudia Judith Hernandez-Guerrero, Francisco Eduardo Hernandez-Sandoval, Jose Jesus Bustillos-Guzman
Summary: Allelopathy between phytoplankton organisms is promoted by the release of substances that limit the presence of dominating species. In this study, the allelopathic effects of Chattonella marina var. marina and Gymnodinium impudicum were evaluated on the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum. Experiments showed that exposure to cell-free media of C. marina and G. impudicum resulted in growth limitation, increased cell volume, cell lysis, and increased concentration of paralytic shellfish toxins in G. catenatum. Differences in toxicity were observed between G. catenatum cells exposed to the filtrates of C. marina var. marina and G. impudicum and those in the control group. The study suggests that G. catenatum's survival strategy involves migration through the chemical cloud, encystment, and increased toxicity.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yang Liu, Zhenfan Chen, Yue Gao, Jian Zou, Songhui Lu, Li Zhang
Summary: Identifying the exact sources of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in Daya Bay, China, the study found that the main contributors were Alexandrium pacificum and Alexandrium minutum. This research contributes to a better understanding of the traceability of phycotoxins in marine waters.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Satoshi Numano, Yuta Kudo, Yuko Cho, Keiichi Konoki, Yoshimasa Kaga, Kazuo Nagasawa, Mari Yotsu-Yamashita
Summary: The study identified two new saxitoxin analogues, M5-HA and M6-HA, with M5-HA having a unique stereochemical structure different from saxitoxin. Acid hydrolysis of M5-HA produced M6-HA, and further analysis confirmed M1/M3/M5-HA as metabolites of C-toxins.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Zhou, Shenpan Li, Jianying Zhang, Jinzhou Zhang, Zhou Wang, Liubo Pan, Baiqiang Huang, Ke Huang, Xiao Chen, Qionghui Zhao, Tianjiu Jiang, Jianjun Liu
Summary: The study found a high detection rate of PSTs in certain shellfish samples from Shenzhen, mainly concentrated in spring and winter, with the highest levels in noble clam samples. Shenzhen residents are at a high risk of acute PSTs poisoning, but relatively low risk of chronic exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sarah C. Finch, Nicola G. Webb, Michael J. Boundy, D. Tim Harwood, John S. Munday, Jan M. Sprosen, Vanessa M. Cave, Ric B. Broadhurst, Jeane Nicolas
Summary: The study showed that intake of a certain shellfish toxin in mice did not have significant effects on multiple indicators, and the calculated safe dose for humans was much higher than the proposed value by the European Food Safety Authority. Therefore, the current regulatory limit for shellfish toxins seems appropriate.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Weijia Song, Xiuxian Song, Ruihong Cheng, Lianbao Chi, Jianan Zhu, Zhiming Yu
Summary: The use of Polyaluminium chloride modified clay (PAC-MC) can reduce the content and toxicity of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by Alexandrium pacificum. PAC-MC primarily restricts PSTs synthesis by inhibiting algal cell proliferation, affecting A. pacificum's physiological processes, and altering the phycosphere microbial community.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Natacha Jean, Luce Perie, Estelle Dumont, Lucie Bertheau, Thierry Balliau, Zouher Amzil, Mohamed Laabir, Estelle Masseret, Amandine M. N. Caruana
Summary: This study investigates the proteomic and physiological responses of Alexandrium pacificum strains to metal stresses. The findings highlight the adaptive proteomic and physiological responses of the strains to metal-contaminated ecosystems, which may contribute to their ecological success. Additionally, the study reveals a positive correlation between PST production and photosynthesis in the strains.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)