期刊
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 366, 期 1580, 页码 2910-2917出版社
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0132
关键词
ribozymes; catalytic mechanism; general acid-base catalysis; metal ion catalysis
类别
资金
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [B17092] Funding Source: researchfish
- Cancer Research UK [11722] Funding Source: researchfish
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [B17092] Funding Source: Medline
- Cancer Research UK [11722] Funding Source: Medline
Ribozymes are RNA molecules that act as chemical catalysts. In contemporary cells, most known ribozymes carry out phosphoryl transfer reactions. The nucleolytic ribozymes comprise a class of five structurally-distinct species that bring about site-specific cleavage by nucleophilic attack of the 2'-O on the adjacent 3'-P to form a cyclic 2',3'-phosphate. In general, they will also catalyse the reverse reaction. As a class, all these ribozymes appear to use general acid-base catalysis to accelerate these reactions by about a million-fold. In the Varkud satellite ribozyme, we have shown that the cleavage reaction is catalysed by guanine and adenine nucleobases acting as general base and acid, respectively. The hairpin ribozyme most probably uses a closely similar mechanism. Guanine nucleobases appear to be a common choice of general base, but the general acid is more variable. By contrast, the larger ribozymes such as the self-splicing introns and RNase P act as metalloenzymes.
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