Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiwon Jeong, Woo-Sung Jang, Kwang Hun Kim, Aleksander Kostka, Gilho Gu, Young-Min Kim, Sang Ho Oh
Summary: This study evaluates two advanced, automated crystal orientation mapping techniques suitable for nanocrystalline materials. The comparison shows that TEM-PED is more reliable for characterizing grains oriented along low-index zone axes, while SEM-TKD is better at detecting small misorientation between grains, providing better quantification and statistical analysis of grain orientation. Both techniques are complementary tools for nanocrystalline materials and can be selected based on analysis requirements, as they have competitive performance in terms of angular resolution and texture quantification.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiwon Jeong, Niels Cautaerts, Gerhard Dehm, Christian H. Liebscher
Summary: This study introduces a novel 4D-STEM technique utilizing a CMOS detector to automatically perform orientation mapping with diffraction spot patterns. Compared to traditional methods, the CMOS data significantly reduce false indexing and enhance reliability, while also improving angular resolution by masking reflections close to the direct beam. Fine details, such as nanograins and sub-grain boundaries, can be resolved with a sub-degree angular resolution.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yudai Yamaguchi, Yuya Kanitani, Yoshihiro Kudo, Jun Uzuhashi, Tadakatsu Ohkubo, Kazuhiro Hono, Shigetaka Tomiya
Summary: In this study, the compositional and structural investigations of threading dislocations (TDs) in InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells were conducted using correlative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). The results showed that indium atoms diffuse along the TD and their concentration decreases with distance from the InGaN layer. It was directly observed that the indium atoms originating from the InGaN layer diffuse toward the epitaxial GaN surface through the TD, possibly via the pipe diffusion mechanism induced by strain energy relaxation.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ilias Bikmukhametov, Garritt J. Tucker, Gregory B. Thompson
Summary: Depositing a Ni-1at. % P film can facilitate the formation of multiple quintuple twin junctions, resulting in a five-fold twin structure and a pentagonal pyramid surface topology. The ability to control material structures offers opportunities for creating novel surface topologies, which can be used as arrays of field emitters or textured surfaces.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haozhi Sha, Jizhe Cui, Jialu Li, Yuxuan Zhang, Wenfeng Yang, Yadong Li, Rong Yu
Summary: Using multislice electron ptychography, the atomic structure of zeolite was measured at sub-angstrom lateral resolution, revealing two-dimensional and three-dimensional deformations of the channels. This method provides accurate measurements of depth-dependent local structures at low-dose condition, which can be widely applied to porous materials in industrial applications.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jinyeon Kim, Jong Wook Lim, Joon Kon Kim, Do Hyang Kim, Eun Soo Park, Hye Jung Chang
Summary: Using a precession electron diffraction technique, we investigated the irradiation-induced recrystallization and polygonization in a CrFeCoNiCu high-entropy alloy. The results show that the irradiation dose and material entropy have significant effects on recrystallization, with discontinuous dynamic recrystallization preferentially occurring near the surface.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Thomas R. Koenig, Zhaoxia Rao, Eric Chason, Garritt J. Tucker, Gregory B. Thompson
Summary: The study investigates the stress and microstructural evolution of Ni thin films under various sputtering conditions. A kinetic model is used to understand the factors contributing to the intrinsic stress development and their relationship with microstructure. It was found that bimodal grain size distribution in films deposited at the lowest pressure deviated from the model's predictions, impacting the overall fit of the model to experimental data.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microscopy
Kayleigh L. Y. Fung, Benjamin L. Weare, Michael W. Fay, Stephen P. Argent, Andrei N. Khlobystov
Summary: The reactivity of a series of related molecules under the 80 keV electron beam was studied and correlated with their structures and chemical composition. The stability of the molecules was found to depend on their degree of hydrogenation or halogenation. Fully halogenated molecules were the most stable, while semi-halogenated molecules were the least stable due to the elimination of H-X and subsequent polymerization. The presence of water molecules in the crystal lattice significantly decreased the stability of the semi-fluorinated molecules.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew J. Patrick, Gregory S. Rohrer, Ooraphan Chirayutthanasak, Sutatch Ratanaphan, Eric R. Homer, Gus L. W. Hart, Yekaterina Epshteyn, Katayun Barmak
Summary: Grain boundary character distributions (GBCD) can be measured from microcrystalline samples using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and can be used to reconstruct relative grain boundary energy distributions (GBED) based on the 3D geometry of triple lines, assuming the force balance condition is satisfied. However, for nanocrystalline thin films, the GBED cannot be extracted effectively using orientation mapping via precession enhanced electron diffraction (PED). In this study, the relative energy extraction technique was adapted to PED data and the results showed that the GBED extracted from these films do not correlate with energies calculated using molecular dynamics (MD) or with the experimentally determined GBCD. This suggests that additional geometric factors contribute to determining the triple junction geometry and boundary network structure in these films.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edgar F. Rauch, Patrick Harrison, Xuyang Zhou, Michael Herbig, Wolfgang Ludwig, Muriel Veron
Summary: ACOM/TEM is an automated electron diffraction pattern indexing tool that can determine the structure, phase, and crystallographic orientation of materials. The software package has evolved over the years, with additional functions developed to distinguish multiple phases, including amorphous phases. Strategies have been developed to overcome limitations of transmission electron diffraction patterns.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yu-Jen Chou, Konstantin B. Borisenko, Partha Pratim Das, Stavros Nicolopoulos, Mauro Gemmi, Angus I. Kirkland
Summary: This study investigated the influence of precession angle, energy filtering, and sample thickness on the structural parameters of amorphous SiO2 thin films. The results showed that peak positions in the electron reduced density functions were generally unaffected by the experimental conditions, while peak heights were significantly influenced by both precession angle and energy filtering. It was also observed that introducing precession with small angles and energy filtering resulted in higher coordination numbers closer to the expected theoretical values for Si and O.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ryan B. Sills, Douglas L. Medlin
Summary: The characterization of the three-dimensional arrangement of dislocations is important for many analyses in materials science. This paper presents a semi-automated object-based approach that reduces data collection requirements by utilizing the prior knowledge that dislocations are line objects.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Digvijay Yadav, Peng Chen, Sisi Xiang, Yongqiang Wang, Jon Kevin Baldwin, Peter Evans, Nicholas Williams, Michael J. Demkowicz, Kelvin Y. Xie
Summary: We investigated the response of Cu-W nanocomposites prepared by physical vapor co-deposition to He implantation. Nuclear reaction analysis revealed that a significant portion of the implanted He escapes during the implantation process. Microstructural analysis of the nanocomposites suggested that the loss of He is likely due to its diffusion out of the material along phase and grain boundaries. Our findings suggest that solid-state interfaces, such as phase and grain boundaries, serve as shortcut diffusion pathways for He transport.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Robert Tovey, Duncan N. Johnstone, Sean M. Collins, William R. B. Lionheart, Paul A. Midgley, Martin Benning, Carola-Bibiane Schonlieb
Summary: Strain engineering is essential for obtaining desired materials properties in modern technologies, but direct measurement of the three-dimensional strain tensor field within materials has been limited by suitable experimental techniques and data analysis tools. Scanning electron diffraction is a powerful tool for obtaining two-dimensional maps of strain components perpendicular to the incident electron beam direction. Reconstruction of the full non-symmetric strain tensor field as the solution to an ill-posed tensor tomography inverse problem shows promise for strain tomography with SPED data.
Article
Microscopy
Steven E. Zeltmann, Shang-Lin Hsu, Hamish G. Brown, Sandhya Susarla, Ramamoorthy Ramesh, Andrew M. Minor, Colin Ophus
Summary: Nanobeam electron diffraction is used to probe the local structural properties of complex crystalline materials. A stacked Bloch wave method is developed to model the diffracted intensities from thick samples with varying structure. The method is successfully applied to extract material properties and elucidate complex vortex topologies in multilayer samples.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joshua P. Mehta, Tian Tian, Zhixin Zeng, Giorgio Divitini, Bethany M. Connolly, Paul A. Midgley, Jin-Chong Tan, David Fairen-Jimenez, Andrew E. H. Wheatley
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Nicolas Filippin, Victor Lopez-Flores, T. Cristina Rojas, Zineb Saghi, Victor J. Rico, Juan R. Sanchez-Valencia, Juan P. Espinos, Andrea Zitolo, Michel Viret, Paul A. Midgley, Angel Barranco, Ana Borras
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dikai Guan, Junheng Gao, Joanne Sharp, W. Mark Rainforth
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shichun Li, Rene Limbach, Louis Longley, Amir A. Shirzadi, John C. Walmsley, Duncan N. Johnstone, Paul A. Midgley, Lothar Wondraczek, Thomas D. Bennett
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fengzai Tang, Richard J. M. Taylor, Josh F. Einsle, Caue S. Borlina, Roger R. Fu, Benjamin P. Weiss, Helen M. Williams, Wyn Williams, Lesleis Nagy, Paul A. Midgley, Eduardo A. Lima, Elizabeth A. Bell, T. Mark Harrison, Ellen W. Alexander, Richard J. Harrison
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Felicity S. H. B. Freeman, Alex Lincoln, Jo Sharp, Al Lambourne, Iain Todd
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jonas K. Sunde, Duncan N. Johnstone, Sigurd Wenner, Antonius T. J. van Helvoort, Paul A. Midgley, Randi Holmestad
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Carl Magnus, Joanne Sharp, William M. Rainforth
TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Jo Sharp, Itzel Castillo Mueller, Paranjayee Mandal, Ali Abbas, Magnus Nord, Alastair Doye, Arutiun Ehiasarian, Papken Hovsepian, Ian MacLaren, W. Mark Rainforth
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Carl Magnus, Daniel Cooper, Joanne Sharp, William M. Rainforth
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Felicity S. H. B. Freeman, Jo Sharp, Jiawei Xi, Iain Todd
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Carl Magnus, Joanne Sharp, Le Ma, W. M. Rainforth
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Paloma Sirvent, Miguel Angel Garrido, Joanne Sharp, William Mark Rainforth, Pedro Poza
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yidong Xu, Jiahui Qi, John Nutter, Joanne Sharp, Mingwen Bai, Le Ma, W. M. Rainforth
Summary: The study found that Ti-5Mo-Fe-3Sn and Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloys have the capability to repassivate during testing, mainly due to the formation of a greater tribofilm on the worn surface rather than an oxide film. The tribolayer acted as a solid lubricating film, stabilizing the coefficient of friction.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Selina K. Kaiser, Ronghe Lin, Sharon Mitchell, Edvin Fako, Frank Krumeich, Roland Hauert, Olga V. Safonova, Vita A. Kondratenko, Evgenii V. Kondratenko, Sean M. Collins, Paul A. Midgley, Nuria Lopez, Javier Perez-Ramirez
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nizar Lefi, Salem Neily, Roland Bonnet
Summary: This paper investigates the elastic field in a bi-material crystal with an angular dislocation line with one branch placed in the crystal and the other along a strongly bound or welded interface. The analysis formulates the elastic field of a closed dislocation loop and solves it using the knowledge of the Green's tensor of the bi-material. The study provides a faster calculation method and has important implications for solving interfacial angular dislocation problems.
PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE
(2024)