Article
Psychiatry
Marian Lueno, Henrik Dobrowolny, Dorothee Gescher, Laila Gbaoui, Gabriele Meyer-Lotz, Christoph Hoeschen, Thomas Frodl
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls. The results showed that certain mass concentrations were significantly decreased in MDD patients compared to healthy controls, and there were also significant differences in mass concentrations of other VOCs over time between the two groups. ROC analysis revealed that it was possible to differentiate between the groups. These findings suggest that VOCs may be a promising tool for future studies.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Muanpetch Rachayon, Ketsupar Jirakran, Pimpayao Sodsai, Siriwan Klinchanhom, Atapol Sughondhabirom, Kitiporn Plaimas, Apichat Suratanee, Michael Maes
Summary: This study examines the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on the immune-inflammatory response and immune-regulatory system in patients with depression and healthy controls. The results suggest that higher concentrations of CBD may worsen inflammatory processes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marina Mihaljevic, Dusanka Franic, Ivan Soldatovic, Iva Lukic, Sanja Andric Petrovic, Tijana Mirjanic, Biljana Stankovic, Branka Zukic, Katarina Zeljic, Vladimir Gasic, Ivana Novakovic, Sonja Pavlovic, Miroslav Adzic, Nadja P. Maric
Summary: The study revealed that FKBP5 gene demethylation in psychosis is linked to the T allele, with no effect found in unaffected siblings. This suggests a potential genetic susceptibility to altered FKBP5 methylation in patients. Further investigation is needed to explore the protective mechanisms in unaffected siblings after trauma exposure.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jie Fan, Feng Gao, Xiang Wang, Qian Liu, Jie Xia, Yan Han, Jinyao Yi, Changlian Tan, Xiongzhao Zhu
Summary: This study examined the impact of childhood trauma (CT) on amygdala and hippocampus functional connectivity (FC) and its association with major depressive disorder (MDD). The results showed that individuals with moderate-to-severe CT had decreased right amygdala-right precuneus connectivity irrespective of MDD diagnosis. This connectivity was significantly correlated with physical and social trait anhedonia in MDD. The findings highlight the role of CT in the FC between right amygdala and right precuneus, suggesting a potential mechanism linking CT and depression through trait anhedonia.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jing Shi, Hua Guo, Sijia Liu, Wei Xue, Fengmei Fan, Hui Li, Hongzhen Fan, Huimei An, Zhiren Wang, Shuping Tan, Fude Yang, Yunlong Tan
Summary: This study aimed to explore the differences and similarities in subcortical structure volumes and neurocognition among individuals with first-episode schizophrenia (FES), bipolar disorder (BD), major depression disorder (MDD), and healthy controls (HCs). The findings revealed that FES and BD patients had larger left lateral ventricle volumes, while FES had reduced bilateral hippocampus and amygdala volumes compared to HCs. Both BD and MDD showed lower bilateral amygdala volumes than HCs. Additionally, FES, BD, and MDD displayed varying degrees of cognitive impairments across different cognitive dimensions. Significant relationships were found between subcortical volumes and neurocognition in FES and BD, but not in MDD and HCs. Furthermore, some subcortical volumes, along with age and years of education, were found to predict variations in neurocognitive performance.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jinlong Chao, Shuzhen Zheng, Hongtong Wu, Dixin Wang, Xuan Zhang, Hong Peng, Bin Hu
Summary: Recent studies have shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) negatively impacts physical recovery in patients. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can be used as a tool to help establish psychiatric diagnoses and monitor treatment progress. By measuring brain oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin responses, differences in functional connectivity and blood oxygen levels were found between MDD patients and healthy controls. Additionally, utilizing various feature combinations with neural networks resulted in high classification accuracies for fear emotion.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sevdalina Kandilarova, Drozdstoy St. Stoyanov, Rositsa Paunova, Anna Todeva-Radneva, Katrin Aryutova, Michael Maes
Summary: This study investigated the differences in connectomes between psychiatric patients and healthy controls, revealing that dysfunction in the self-regulation of the salience network may underpin major mental disorders. Key connectome features differentiate mood disorders from schizophrenia, and can serve as potential imaging biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Todeva-Radneva, Sevdalina Kandilarova, Rositsa Paunova, Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Tina Zdravkova, Ronald Sladky
Summary: This study aimed to explore possible differences in whole-brain functional connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and healthy controls (HC). The results showed increased connectivity in certain brain regions in the BD group compared to the HC group, while the MDD group showed enhanced connectivity in different regions. These findings suggest that these connectivity patterns may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for MDD and BD.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Markus Gerber, Robyn Cody, Johannes Beck, Serge Brand, Lars Donath, Anne Eckert, Oliver Faude, Martin Hatzinger, Christian Imboden, Jan-Niklas Kreppke, Undine E. Lang, Sarah Mans, Thorsten Mikoteit, Anja Oswald, Nina Schweinfurth-Keck, Lukas Zahner, Sebastian Ludyga
Summary: This study examined the differences in sustained attention and inhibitory control between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls, as well as differences between patients with mild, moderate, and severe depression. The results showed that patients with MDD had slower reaction times in both attention and inhibitory control tasks, and younger participants had shorter reaction times. These findings suggest deficits in information processing and higher-order cognitive processes in MDD patients, which may impact in-patient treatment and contribute to the recurrent nature of depression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Caroline Fussing Bruun, Caroline Juhl Arnbjerg, Lars Vedel Kessing
Summary: The review found that EEG parameters have the potential to differentiate between melancholic depression, non-melancholic depression, and healthy controls, despite significant methodological issues and heterogeneity across studies.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
R. Seiger, G. Gryglewski, M. Kloebl, A. Kautzky, G. M. Godbersen, L. Rischka, T. Vanicek, M. Hienert, J. Unterholzner, L. R. Silberbauer, P. Michenthaler, P. Handschuh, A. Hahn, S. Kasper, R. Lanzenberger
Summary: This study found that rapid WM microstructure adaptations within 1 hour after i.v. SSRI administration precede elevations in mood due to SSRI treatment, adding a new facet to the complex mode of action of antidepressant therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stevan Nikolin, Yi Yin Tan, Donel Martin, Adriano Moffa, Colleen K. Loo, Tjeerd W. Boonstra
Summary: This study investigated the working memory deficits in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to healthy controls. The results showed that MDD participants had prolonged response times and increased activity in certain brain waves, suggesting they may require increased cognitive resources for working memory tasks.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sara Jimenez-Fernandez, Manuel Gurpegui, Daniel Garrote-Rojas, Luis Gutierrez-Rojas, Maria D. Carretero, Christoph U. Correll
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the differences in oxidative stress markers and antioxidants between patients with bipolar depression and unipolar depression. The results showed that both bipolar depression and unipolar depression may be associated with an impaired oxidative stress balance, with significantly higher uric acid levels observed in unipolar depression compared to bipolar depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ibrahim H. Aslan, David S. Baldwin
Summary: The study found that patients with unipolar depression showed higher levels of rumination and performed better in some neuropsychological tests compared to those with bipolar depression. There was no significant difference in rumination between the two depression groups when duration of illness was controlled. A negative relationship was observed between rumination and emotion regulation as well as psychological resilience in both patient groups, but not in healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Fan Mo, Jingjin Gu, Ke Zhao, Xiaolan Fu
Summary: Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) show impairments in recognizing facial expressions, particularly in confusing negative emotions. This indicates a deficit in sensitivity in distinguishing specific facial expressions in individuals with MDD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)