Article
Psychology, Clinical
Genevieve F. Dash, Nicholas G. Martin, Arpana Agrawal, Michael T. Lynskey, Wendy S. Slutske
Summary: The study found that prescription opioid misuse may share little genetic influence with illicit opioid use, but there may be more common genetic influences between prescription stimulant misuse and illicit use. Future research could consider avoiding unitary drug classifications when examining genetic influences.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Stephen F. Butler, Stephen V. Faraone, Anthony L. Rostain, Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Kevin M. Antshel, Rebekkah S. Robbins, Jody L. Green
Summary: Non-medical use of prescription stimulant medications is a public health concern among college students, often associated with other substance use. Injection use, which is under-researched, is linked to male gender, substance use history, and higher likelihood of illicit substance use, warranting efforts to reduce non-oral prescription stimulant NMU in college students.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
David C. R. Kerr, Harold Bae, Veronica T. Cole, Andrea M. Hussong
Summary: Objective College students' prescription stimulant and opioid misuse (PSM and POM) share psychosocial risks with other substance use. Findings suggest PSM and POM are on a continuum of risk shared with illicit drug use, but also are linked to outcomes specific to these drugs' perceived medical purposes.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Riley D. Shearer, Abenaa Jones, Benjamin A. Howell, Joel E. Segel, Tyler N. A. Winkelman
Summary: Overdose deaths involving opioids and stimulants continue to rise in the US. This study examines the characteristics of individuals who misuse prescription stimulants and opioids, and their association with cocaine, methamphetamine, and heroin use. The findings reveal that prescription stimulant misuse is more strongly associated with cocaine use than prescription opioid misuse. It highlights the need for screening for other substance use disorders among those who report prescription stimulant use or misuse.
JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Cheuk Chi Tam, Eric G. Benotsch, Xiaoming Li
Summary: This study found that college students' sexual risk behaviors are indirectly influenced by sexual enhancement expectancy through NMUPD, highlighting the importance of addressing sexual enhancement expectancy and NMUPD in future sexual risk reduction interventions.
Article
Psychiatry
Suzanne K. Vosburg, Rebekkah S. Robbins, Kevin M. Antshel, Stephen Faraone, Jody L. Green
Summary: The study recruited adults who reported non-oral prescription stimulant NMU within the last 5 years, finding that approximately one in five individuals began their substance use trajectory with prescription stimulants and non-oral prescription stimulant NMU served as a precursor to illicit substance use, indicating the impact of prescription stimulant NMU on substance use pathways.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Francois A. M. Jean, Flore Moulin, Ashlyn N. Schwartz, Laura Castel, Ilaria Montagni, Melissa Macalli, Charles-Edouard Notredame, Sylvana M. Cote, Cedric Galera
Summary: A study found that ADHD symptoms are associated with illicit stimulant use among university students, and higher levels of symptoms are linked to a greater likelihood of using illicit stimulants.
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sean Esteban McCabe, John E. Schulenberg, Timothy E. Wilens, Ty S. Schepis, Vita V. McCabe, Philip T. Veliz
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and association between stimulant therapy for ADHD and nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NUPS) among US secondary school students. The findings revealed that schools with a higher proportion of students using ADHD therapy were more likely to have students engaging in nonmedical use of prescription stimulants in the past year. The study suggests the importance of school assessments, risk-reduction strategies, and preventive efforts to reduce NUPS.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Robert T. Fairman, Milkie Vu, Regine Haardorfer, Michael Windle, Carla J. Berg
Summary: The study found that 45.7% of college students using prescription stimulants did not have prescriptions or ADHD diagnoses, and these students were more likely to use for staying awake longer, having a more enjoyable time, and partying longer.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Suzanne K. Vosburg, Stephen Faraone, Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Anthony L. Rostain, Robert L. Findling, Stephen F. Butler, Taryn Dailey Govoni, Jody L. Green
Summary: The study revealed that approximately 4.3% of adolescents in SUD treatment reported past 30-day prescription stimulant non-medical use. Those who reported non-medical use were more likely to have a lifetime diagnosis of learning disorder or ADHD, take medication for emotional, behavioral, or learning disorders, and have received recent inpatient treatment. They were also more likely to be currently not enrolled in school. Additionally, half of the non-medical users reported using alternate routes of administration, with intranasal use being the most common.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Hannah G. G. Mitchell, Shelby A. A. King, Meredith K. K. Ginley, Kelly N. N. Foster, Nicholas E. E. Hagemeier, Rajkumar J. J. Sevak
Summary: This study aimed to identify common motives for nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUS) among community college students and examine behavioral and demographic correlates of certain motives. The results showed that the most common motive for NMUS among these students was to focus on studies or to improve academic performance, followed by the desire to have more energy. Females were more likely to report NMUS for weight loss, while males were more likely to report NMUS for experimental purposes. The motive to feel good or get high was associated with polysubstance use.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Canyon Foot, Philip T. Korthuis, Judith I. Tsui, Sean X. Luo, Brian Chan, Ryan R. Cook
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of ongoing stimulant use on the return to illicit opioid use after medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) initiation. The findings suggest that individuals who use stimulants are more likely to relapse to ongoing non-prescribed opioid use, especially among those who initiate buprenorphine.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
A. Batisse, S. Leger, E. Vicaut, L. Gerbaud, S. Djezzar
Summary: The study on psychoactive substance consumption among French students revealed a high prevalence of neuroenhancement (NE) phenomenon and non-medical use (NMU) of medications, especially among females. Results indicated that some students use psychoactive substances for stress and sleep management. Three different profiles of psychostimulant users were identified, complicating prevention programs implementation.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Alynna G. Summit, Nora E. Noel
Summary: This study explores the association between the motivations for college student nonmedical prescription stimulant use (NMUPS) and their views on this behavior, and assesses the influence of gender. The results show that gender does not influence views, but participants have a more positive attitude towards academic use, highlighting the need to educate students about the negative consequences of NMUPS. Additionally, drug use stigmatization and prescription stimulant expectancies are associated with participant views.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Gurjit S. Parmar, Kanna Hayashi, Seonaid Nolan, M-J Milloy, Kora DeBeck, Hennady P. Shulha, Thomas Kerr, Lianping Ti
Summary: Illicit drug use in hospitals is common among people who use drugs, with non-medical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) being increasingly prevalent. This study found a positive relationship between persistent NMPOU and in-hospital illicit drug use. The results highlight the need for improved identification and management of opioid use disorder in acute care settings to reduce illicit drug use in hospitals.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL REVIEW
(2021)
