Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Archana Mishra, Rituparna Maiti, Biswa Ranjan Mishra, Monalisa Jena
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation through network meta-analysis, finding that the combination of nicotine receptor agonist and nicotine replacement therapy has a significant effect on continuous abstinence at 6 months.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Substance Abuse
Neal L. Benowitz, Evangelia Liakoni
Summary: This narrative review discusses the impact of cigarette smoking and other tobacco/nicotine products on cardiovascular disease, highlighting the importance of rapid risk reduction after quitting smoking. In addition to cigarette smoking, the review also examines the effects of other combustible tobacco products, smokeless tobacco, electronic nicotine delivery systems, and second-hand smoke on cardiovascular health.
Review
Physiology
Justus Klein, Patrick Diaba-Nuhoho, Sindy Giebe, Coy Brunssen, Henning Morawietz
Summary: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and causes endothelial dysfunction. The use of next-generation tobacco and nicotine products also impairs endothelial function. This review article discusses the molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of these effects.
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Merel Keijsers, Maria Cecilia Vega-Corredor, Melanie Tomintz, Simon Hoermann
Summary: Virtual reality technologies have been proposed to enhance smoking cessation therapy, with cue exposure therapy being the most studied intervention. However, the long-term effects are inconsistent. Behavioral therapies like approach-avoidance tasks or gamified interventions have shown positive results.Future research should focus on multicomponent interventions and include control groups for validity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sana Majid, Robert M. Weisbrod, Jessica L. Fetterman, Rachel J. Keith, Syed H. M. Rizvi, Yuxiang Zhou, Leili Behrooz, Rose Marie Robertson, Aruni Bhatnagar, Daniel J. Conklin, Naomi M. Hamburg
Summary: Pod-based e-liquids and their components impair endothelial cell function, potentially causing cardiovascular harm.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sylvia Nyilas, Grzegorz Bauman, Insa Korten, Orso Pusterla, Florian Singer, Michael Ith, Cindy Groen, Anna Schoeni, Johannes T. Heverhagen, Andreas Christe, Nicolas Rodondi, Oliver Bieri, Thomas Geiser, Reto Auer, Manuela Funke-Chambour, Lukas Ebner
Summary: This prospective observational study examined the immediate effects of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and tobacco smoke on lung ventilation and perfusion. The results showed a decrease in lung perfusion after exposure to tobacco smoke and an increase in lung perfusion after using ENDS.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hipolito Perez-Martin, Cristina Lidon-Moyano, Adrian Gonzalez-Marron, Marcela Fu, Raul Perez-Ortuno, Montse Ballbe, Juan Carlos Martin-Sanchez, Jose A. Pascual, Esteve Fernandez, Jose M. Martinez-Sanchez
Summary: This study analyzed data from a longitudinal and a cross-sectional study to investigate the nicotine metabolite ratio among tobacco smokers, e-cigarette users with and without nicotine, and nonusers. The findings showed that exclusive users of e-cigarettes without nicotine had the lowest nicotine metabolic rate, while cigarette smokers had the highest. Nonusers had a lower nicotine metabolic rate compared to cigarette smokers. Additionally, younger individuals and those with lower body mass index had higher nicotine metabolic rates.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ovie Okorare, Endurance O. Evbayekha, Olanrewaju K. Adabale, Emmanuel Daniel, Daniel Ubokudum, Soremi A. Olusiji, Akanimo U. Antia
Summary: Tobacco smoking is a major cause of preventable deaths worldwide, with a high prevalence in low- and middle-income countries. Nicotine in tobacco has addictive properties but also harmful effects on the cardiovascular system. Smoking increases the risk of coronary atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and atrial fibrillation, leading to a higher incidence of heart failure. Smoking cessation has been shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality and the risk of related diseases.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
David R. Strong, John P. Pierce, Martha White, Matthew D. Stone, David B. Abrams, Allison M. Glasser, Olivia A. Wackowski, K. Michael Cummings, Andrew Hyland, Kristie Taylor, Kathryn C. Edwards, Marushka L. Silveira, Heather L. Kimmel, Elizabeth Y. Lambert, Wilson M. Compton, Lynn C. Hull, Raymond Niaura
Summary: This study found that the level of tobacco dependence among most US tobacco product users remained stable over time, except for e-cigarette-only users. For cigarette-only smokers, switching to another product or not using any tobacco product was associated with lower levels of dependence. Not using any tobacco product was consistently associated with lower dependence for all other product users.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
David R. Strong, John P. Pierce, Martha White, Matthew D. Stone, David B. Abrams, Allison M. Glasser, Olivia A. Wackowski, K. Michael Cummings, Andrew Hyland, Kristie Taylor, Kathryn C. Edwards, Marushka L. Silveira, Heather L. Kimmel, Wilson M. Compton, Lynn C. Hull, Raymond Niaura
Summary: This study analyzed the trajectories of tobacco dependence in relation to changes in tobacco product use. The results showed that tobacco dependence remained stable over time for most tobacco product users in the United States, except for e-cigarette users who experienced small increases in dependence levels.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei-Hung Chan, Ching-Huang Lai, Shu-Jia Huang, Chung-Chi Huang, Chung-Yu Lai, Yi-Chun Liu, Shiang-Huei Jiang, Shan-Ru Li, Ya-Mei Tzeng, Senyeong Kao, Yu-Tien Chang, Chia-Chao Wu, Chao-Yin Kuo, Kuang-Chen Hung, Yu-Lung Chiu
Summary: This study evaluated smoking rates in the military through questionnaire surveying and verified self-reported smoking behavior using urine cotinine concentration testing. It also analyzed the impact of second-hand smoking on urine cotinine concentrations. The results showed an overall underestimation of 7.0% in self-reported smoking behavior, highlighting the need for routine biochemical testing for accurate assessment.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Benjamin A. Cristol, Stephanie L. Clendennen, Emily T. Hebert, Melissa B. Harrell
Summary: This study compared symptoms of nicotine dependence among young adults who were exclusive past 30-day (P30D) users of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) versus exclusive P30D cigarette smokers. The results showed that young adults who used ENDS exhibited higher levels of nicotine dependence symptoms compared to cigarette smokers.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana-Maria Vlasceanu, Daniela Gradinaru, Miriana Stan, Viorela G. Nitescu, Daniela Luiza Baconi
Summary: This study examined the relationship between serum cotinine levels and oxidative stress in 76 adult patients. The results showed an inverse association between tobacco smoke exposure and glutathione levels, suggesting that exposure to smoke particulate components can deplete systemic glutathione. Interestingly, active smokers had higher glutathione levels but lower levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), while passive smokers showed a decrease in AOPP levels with an increase in glutathione levels. This suggests that inhalation of smoke particulate constituents can disrupt redox homeostasis and impair the antioxidant role of glutathione.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jamie E. Spahn, Salomon A. Stavchansky, Zhengrong Cui
Summary: Electronic cigarettes, marketed as smoking cessation devices, have raised concerns over safety due to their rapid adoption and lack of regulation. More research is needed on these devices and nicotine solutions, given the current lack of regulation in the market.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Elias M. Klemperer, Janice Y. Bunn, Amanda M. Palmer, Tracy T. Smith, Benjamin A. Toll, K. Michael Cummings, Matthew J. Carpenter
Summary: This study found that quitting electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is not associated with quitting combustible tobacco products (CTPs) among current smokers, but there is a possible risk of relapse to smoking associated with quitting ENDS among former smokers.