Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yumin Ma, Yingying Luo, Siqian Gong, Xianghai Zhou, Yufeng Li, Wei Liu, Simin Zhang, Xiaoling Cai, Qian Ren, Lingli Zhou, Xiuying Zhang, Yanai Wang, Xiuting Huang, Xueying Gao, Mengdie Hu, Xueyao Han, Linong Ji
Summary: The low-frequency variant of GCK gene, rs13306393, was found to be associated with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in the Chinese population. This variant increased the risk of developing diabetes and prediabetes by reducing insulin sensitivity rather than affecting beta-cell function, which should be considered in future clinical use of GCK activators.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina M. Pusec, Vladimir Ilievski, Adam De Jesus, Zeenat Farooq, Joseph L. Zapater, Nadia Sweis, Hagar Ismail, Md Wasim Khan, Hossein Ardehali, Jose Cordoba-Chacon, Brian T. Layden
Summary: The liver plays a primary role in regulating glucose homeostasis. Glucokinase (GCK) is the main hexokinase (HK) expressed in hepatocytes, which phosphorylates glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) for further metabolic pathways. HKDC1, a novel hexokinase, has been found to have low basal expression in normal liver but increases during stress states and is associated with liver diseases.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ana Perez-Garcia, Veronica Hurtado-Carneiro, Carmen Herrero-De-Dios, Pilar Dongil, Jose Enrique Garcia-Maurino, Maria Dolores Sanchez, Carmen Sanz, Elvira Alvarez
Summary: GLP-1 and PASK play a crucial role in regulating glucose and energy homeostasis, affecting hepatic glycogen metabolism. The study using a murine model revealed that PASK mediates the effect of exendin-4 on hepatic glycogen metabolism in response to different nutritional states. Results showed that both exendin-4 and fasting can influence Pask expression, leading to abnormal glycogen accumulation in the liver.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sitara Niranjan, Brett E. E. Phillips, Nick Giannoukakis
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. It is becoming a common condition associated with liver disease in the US. The mechanism by which diabetes drives liver disease is a hot topic of discussion and research.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Toshiya Matsukawa, Takashi Yagi, Tohru Uchida, Mashito Sakai, Masaru Mitsushima, Takao Naganuma, Hiroyuki Yano, Yuka Inaba, Hiroshi Inoue, Keisuke Yanagida, Masaaki Uematsu, Kazuki Nakao, Harumi Nakao, Atsu Aiba, Yoji Nagashima, Tetsuya Kubota, Naoto Kubota, Yoshihiko Izumida, Naoya Yahagi, Hiroyuki Unoki-Kubota, Yasushi Kaburagi, Shun-ichiro Asahara, Yoshiaki Kido, Hideo Shindou, Michiko Itoh, Yoshihiro Ogawa, Shiro Minami, Yasuo Terauchi, Kazuyuki Tobe, Kohjiro Ueki, Masato Kasuga, Michihiro Matsumoto
Summary: NAFLD and type 2 diabetes are comorbidities of obesity, and targeting hepatic FASN may have therapeutic potential for these obesity-associated metabolic diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zunli Ke, Si Tan, Haiyang Li, Shanshan Jiang, Yuping Li, Rui Chen, Mingxia Li
Summary: Nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver condition associated with excessive fat deposition and is closely related to obesity or metabolic syndrome. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of NAFLD, and reducing oxidative stress may improve the condition. Tangeretin, a natural compound with antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties, has shown promise in ameliorating NAFLD. This study found that tangeretin supplementation slowed down NAFLD progression by improving metabolic indexes, reducing hepatic oxidative stress, and reducing fat accumulation in the liver. The study also identified the Nrf2 pathway as a potential mechanism through which tangeretin exerts its effects. These findings suggest that tangeretin could be used as a dietary therapy for obesity-related NAFLD or metabolic syndrome.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sundararajan Mahalingam, Ramesh Bellamkonda, Madan Kumar Arumugam, Sathish Kumar Perumal, Jessica Yoon, Carol Casey, Kusum Kharbanda, Karuna Rasineni
Summary: The GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 has been found to effectively mitigate alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis by regulating fat metabolism, according to an experimental rat model.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yujiao Dai, Peng Hao, Zhimei Sun, Zhiyi Guo, Hong Xu, Lihui Xue, Hongyu Song, Yida Li, Shuang Li, Mingming Gao, Teng Si, Yuxin Zhang, Yajuan Qi
Summary: Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a downstream protein in the Hippo signaling pathway with key functions in liver fibrosis. Specific knockout of the Yap gene in the liver improves insulin resistance-induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting the insulin signal pathway at the level of FoxO1. This suggests that YAP could be a new target for reversing early-stage liver fibrosis induced by insulin resistance.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yuhan Zhu, Jingyuan Zhang, Xiaofeng Yao, Tianming Qiu, Liping Jiang, Ningning Wang, Yan Shi, Chenbing Wu, Weizhuo Yuan, Guang Yang, Xiaofang Liu, Jie Bai, Lili Men, Xiance Sun
Summary: This study demonstrates the involvement of GSDMD in arsenic-induced hepatic insulin resistance (IR) and reveals that NaAsO2 decreases the ubiquitination of GSDMD, reducing its degradation and exacerbating pyroptosis and hepatic IR.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wang-Hsin Lee, Sonia M. Najjar, C. Ronald Kahn, Terry D. Hinds
Summary: Over 65% of obese individuals suffer from metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which can lead to various conditions such as steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer. This review discusses the role of insulin signaling, hepatic insulin resistance, and reduced insulin clearance in the development of MAFLD, emphasizing the potential use of insulin sensitizers as a treatment approach. Additionally, the review explores the involvement of the insulin receptor in hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells and its implications in metabolic and end-stage liver diseases. It also discusses the possibility of using insulin sensitizers to manage late-stage liver diseases based on recent research findings.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Songhua Zhang, Aryanna Sousa, Mengqui Lin, Ayako Iwano, Rishubh Jain, Bing Ma, Chang Min Lee, Jin Wook Park, Suchitra Kamle, Rolf Carlson, Ghun Geun Lee, Jack A. Elias, Jack R. Wands
Summary: The recently discovered human glycoprotein Chi3L1 has been found to potentially play a role in inflammation, tissue remodeling, and visceral fat accumulation. Inhibition of the Chi3L1 gene could reduce lipid accumulation and improve insulin signaling in the liver. High-fat diet induced increased Chi3L1 expression in the liver, while anti-Chi3L1 monoclonal antibodies partially restored insulin signaling and decreased hepatic lipid accumulation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mona Synnove Bjune, Laurence Lawrence-Archer, Johnny Laupsa-Borge, Cathrine Horn Sommersten, Adrian McCann, Robert Clay Glastad, Iain George Johnston, Matthias Kern, Matthias Blueher, Gunnar Mellgren, Simon N. Dankel
Summary: The hepatic valine/3-HIB pathway plays an important role in the mechanism of fatty liver and may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tianyun Hou, Yuan Tian, Ziyang Cao, Jun Zhang, Tingting Feng, Wenhui Tao, Hanyong Sun, He Wen, Xiaopeng Lu, Qian Zhu, Meiting Li, Xifeng Lu, Baohua Liu, Ying Zhao, Yang Yang, Wei-Guo Zhu
Summary: SIRT6 binds saturated fatty acids, leading to nuclear export, where it deacetylates ACSL5 and facilitates fatty acid oxidation, thereby suppressing NAFLD progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Georg Semmler, Lorenz Balcar, Sarah Wernly, Andreas Voelkerer, Lorenz Semmler, Laurenz Hauptmann, Bernhard Wernly, Elmar Aigner, David Niederseer, Christian Datz
Summary: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a disease characterized by metabolic dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk. This study investigated a group of subjects aged 45-80 years and found that patients with hepatic steatosis had more severe metabolic dysfunction, higher levels of inflammation, and increased cardiovascular risk. However, hepatic steatosis itself was not associated with cardiovascular risk, and the presence of metabolic dysfunction explained the increased risk.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fen Long, Memoona R. Bhatti, Alexandra Kellenberger, Wenfei Sun, Salvatore Modica, Marcus Hoering, Gerhard Liebisch, Jean-Philippe Krieger, Christian Wolfrum, Tenagne D. Challa
Summary: This study reveals that a high-fat diet can cause liver fibrosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and explores the mechanisms through which these diseases occur under strict diet control.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nirav Dhanesha, Mehul R. Chorawala, Manish Jain, Abhinav Bhalla, Daniel Thedens, Manasa Nayak, Prakash Doddapattar, Anil K. Chauhan
Article
Hematology
Manasa K. Nayak, Madankumar Ghatge, Gagan D. Flora, Nirav Dhanesha, Manish Jain, Kathleen R. Markan, Matthew J. Potthoff, Steven R. Lentz, Anil K. Chauhan
Summary: The study demonstrates that PKM2 plays a crucial role in platelet activation and thrombosis, with inhibiting PKM2 dimer formation leading to reduced lactate production and platelet activation, providing a potential target for antithrombotic therapeutic intervention.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vipin Dhote, Prem Samundre, Aditya Ganeshpurkar, Aman Upaganlawar
Summary: As individuals age, the risk of neurodegenerative diseases increases due to neuronal damage and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Mitochondrial impairment is considered a key factor in accelerating the progression of aging-related neurodegeneration, while environmental chemicals and metabolic morbidities also play a role in affecting mitochondrial functions.
CURRENT DRUG TARGETS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mehulkumar Ramanlal Chorawala, Sweta Chauhan, Rakesh Patel, Gaurang Shah
Summary: The cell wall contents of three Lactobacillus species can alleviate the severity of LPS-induced colitis by modulating immuno-inflammation and oxidative stress, improving symptoms such as weight loss, diarrhea, and bleeding, and enhancing antioxidant activity.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Nirav Dhanesha, Rakesh B. Patel, Prakash Doddapattar, Madankumar Ghatge, Gagan D. Flora, Manish Jain, Daniel Thedens, Heena Olalde, Mariia Kumskova, Enrique C. Leira, Anil K. Chauhan
Summary: This study found that nuclear pyruvate kinase muscle 2 (PKM2) is upregulated in neutrophils after ischemic stroke, promoting inflammatory response. By genetically deleting PKM2 in myeloid cells, the study showed reduced inflammation and damage after stroke. Furthermore, inhibiting PKM2 nuclear translocation improved functional outcomes after stroke.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Normi D. Gajjar, Tejas M. Dhameliya, Gaurang B. Shah
Summary: A worldwide pandemic of COVID-19 caused by SARS CoV-2 has prompted the search for inhibitors using computational tools. By screening natural anti-viral compounds and their derivatives, researchers have identified potential therapeutic agents against SARS CoV-2 through molecular docking and dynamic simulations, providing a promising start for drug discovery and development.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vipin V. Dhote, Muthu Kumaradoss Mohan Maruga Raja, Prem Samundre, Supriya Sharma, Shraddha Anwikar, Aman B. Upaganlawar
Summary: Sports play a significant role in human life, but contact sports can lead to brain injuries for athletes. These injuries can cause various dysfunctions and may even be related to chronic diseases. By studying post-concussion neurobehavioral changes, early detection signs, and improving neuropsychiatric diseases in athletes, we can better understand and address these issues.
CURRENT MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Vipin V. V. Dhote, Prem Samundre, Aman B. B. Upaganlawar, Aditya Ganeshpurkar
Summary: Gene therapy is an attractive approach for treating CNS disorders and other pathological conditions. It involves inserting healthy genes into the genome to replace or replenish genes responsible for disease or damage. Recent advancements have expanded our understanding of gene therapy, particularly in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and associated neurodegenerative disorders. This review discusses the genes involved in response to TBI, their impact on injury severity and duration, strategies for targeting these genes, and the challenges of translating gene therapy to clinical practice.
CURRENT GENE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Manisha Kawadkar, Avinash S. Mandloi, Nidhi Singh, Rajesh Mukharjee, Vipin V. Dhote
Summary: Progesterone and noscapine provide neuroprotection against brain damage after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Combination therapy significantly reduces inflammation and infarction, attenuates oxidative stress and blood-brain barrier damage, and improves grip strength. Pharmacokinetic analysis confirms the therapeutic efficacy of combination treatment.
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Roshni Patel, Shahrukh Kadri, Priyanshee Gohil, Shrikalp Deshpande, Gaurang Shah
Summary: Calotropis procera latex treatment shows significant anti-arthritic activity in rats with induced arthritis, improving functional, biochemical, and hematological parameters. Histological and radiographical examinations reveal less severe arthritis symptoms in animals treated with Calotropis procera latex.
FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Nirav Dhanesha, Rakeshkumar Patel, Manish Jain, Mariia Kumskova, Daniel Thedens, Heena M. Olalde, Manasa Nayak, Prakash Doddapattar, Enrique C. C. Leira, Anil K. Chauhan
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Vipin Dhote, Uma Dangi, Avinash Singh Mandloi, Maneesh Soni, Durgesh Nandan Shukla, Manisha Kawadkar, Aditya Ganeshpurkar
JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Manisha Kawadkar, Avinash S. Mandloi, Vidhu Saxena, Chetana Tamadaddi, Chandan Sahi, Vipin V. Dhote
Summary: The study demonstrates the protective effect of noscapine in yeast and I-R rats by improving cell viability and attenuating neuronal damage, respectively. This protective activity of noscapine could be attributed to potent free radical scavenging and inhibition of inflammation in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Nimisha Kakadia, Payal Patel, Shrikalp Deshpande, Gaurang Shah
JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dhwani Dave, Mustakim Mansuri, Gaurang Shah
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH
(2018)