Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Julie Kessler, Perle Totoson, Sylvie Devaux, Johnny Moretto, Daniel Wendling, Celine Demougeot
Summary: Research on animal models of rheumatoid arthritis can help understand the complex link between arthritis and the heart, and identify new therapeutic targets. This review presents data on cardiac disorders in animal models of RA, as well as current knowledge on the pathophysiology and pharmacology of these disorders. Future directions for translational studies in a cardiorheumatic perspective are proposed.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Zhao-Di Xia, Ruo-Xin Ma, Jin-Feng Wen, Yu-Fei Zhai, Yu-Qi Wang, Feng-Yun Wang, Dan Liu, Xiao-Long Zhao, Bao Sun, Pu Jia, Xiao-Hui Zheng
Summary: This article reviews the complex pathophysiological mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease, including classical and recently proposed possible pathogenesis. It also outlines common animal models used in AD research and examines their prospects for the future. Additionally, the article summarizes clinical trials and drugs available for AD treatment.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mattia Volta
Summary: The discovery of mutations in LRRK2 and GBA1 has provided evidence for the involvement of autophagy and lysosome pathways in Parkinson's disease. These mutations slow down the degradation of alpha-synuclein, leading to dysfunction in the neuropathology of the disease. The development of genetic rodent models holds promise for studying pathogenic processes and validating drugs.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mattia Volta
Summary: The discovery of mutations in LRRK2 and GBA1 that are linked to Parkinson's disease provides further evidence of the involvement of autophagy and lysosomal pathways in the disease's pathology. The development of genetic rodent models for LRRK2 and GBA1 has the potential to enhance our understanding of lysosome alterations in Parkinson's disease and provide new insights. Further research is needed to exploit these rodent models in the fight against the disease.
Review
Virology
Edwin Veldhuis Kroeze, Lisa Bauer, Valentina Caliendo, Debby van Riel
Summary: Animal models are crucial for studying the systemic pathogenesis of virus-induced diseases. This review focuses on recommending mammalian animal models for studying extra-respiratory complications during influenza A virus infections.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tomasz Szponder, Michal Latalski, Anna Danielewicz, Katarzyna Krac, Aleksandra Kozera, Beata Drzewiecka, Dominika Nguyen Ngoc, Dominika Dobko, Joanna Wessely-Szponder
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by the loss of articular cartilage in middle-aged and older patients. The immune system plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of OA, with both humoral and cellular mediators contributing to cartilage destruction and joint inflammation. Animal models are widely used to study the disease and potential therapies. This review provides an overview of OA signs, pathogenesis, and classification, as well as discussing the advantages and disadvantages of different animal models. Treatment options include mesenchymal stem cells, gene therapies, and blood-derived products, along with tissue engineering techniques and biomaterials.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xi Wang, Giuseppe Benagiano, Xishi Liu, Sun-Wei Guo
Summary: This review discusses the animal models of adenomyosis, focusing on their relevance to epidemiological findings, their mechanisms of action, and their explanatory and predictive power. The mouse model of adenomyosis induced by endometrial-myometrial interface disruption (EMID) seems to satisfy the requirements of falsifiability and has the predictive capability and causality criteria. Other theories only partially meet the causality criteria.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Michael S. Rallo, Omar Akel, Akhilesh Gurram, Hai Sun
Summary: Experimental animal models for MMD can be broadly categorized into three types: surgical, immunological, and genetic. While each model reflects important aspects of MMD pathogenesis, the lack of a single model recapitulating the full development, progression, and outcomes of the disease highlights the need for future work in developing a multi-etiology model.
NEUROSURGICAL FOCUS
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Robin Vroman, Anne-Marie Malfait, Rachel E. Miller, Fransiska Malfait, Delfien Syx
Summary: The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes are a group of heritable connective tissue disorders characterized by skin hyperextensibility, joint hypermobility, and tissue fragility. Animal models have been instrumental in studying the pathophysiological aspects associated with EDS, identifying potential therapeutic targets, and providing opportunities for preclinical interventions. These models show similarities to their human counterparts in terms of clinical hallmarks, biomechanics, and tissue structure.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Qingqing Jia, Shihua Li, Xiao-Jiang Li, Peng Yin
Summary: Huntington's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of neurons in the striatum, leading to motor and cognitive impairments. The cause of the disease is the expansion of a glutamine repeat in the huntingtin protein, but the mechanism underlying neuronal death is still unclear. Inflammation is one of the contributing factors in the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease. This review summarizes the evidence on immune and inflammatory changes in Huntington's disease, providing insights for the development of novel strategies for its treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Maxime Breban, Simon Glatigny, Bilade Cherqaoui, Marie Beaufrere, Marc Lauraine, Aurore Rincheval-Arnold, Sebastien Gaumer, Isabelle Guenal, Luiza M. Araujo
Summary: Studying animal models is crucial in understanding the complex mechanisms of disorders like spondyloarthritis, providing insights into genetic predispositions and potential therapeutic targets. Different animal models, including transgenic rats, Drosophila, and genetically modified mice, have contributed valuable information regarding the pathogenicity and immune involvement in SpA.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaobo Wang, Jin-Bao Zhang, Kai-Jie He, Fen Wang, Chun-Feng Liu
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD), such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, are characterized by neuron loss leading to motor and cognitive decline. Effective treatments for NDD are lacking, but zebrafish models show promise for drug discovery with their high homology to humans. High-throughput platforms in zebrafish research are expected to advance future NDD studies.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sareh Pandamooz, Benjamin Jurek, Carl-Philipp Meinung, Zahra Baharvand, Alireza Sahebi Shahem-Abadi, Silke Haerteis, Jaleel A. Miyan, James Downing, Mehdi Dianatpour, Afshin Borhani-Haghighi, Mohammad Saied Salehi
Summary: This review discusses the development and usage of experimental models to study and screen potential therapeutic approaches against SARS-CoV-2, including antiviral drugs and vaccines. These models provide valuable insights into the cellular tropism, replication kinetics, and cell damage caused by SARS-CoV-2, ultimately enhancing understanding of viral pathogenesis and protective immunity.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Krisangel Lopez, Sarah N. Wilson, Sheryl Coutermash-Ott, Manette Tanelus, William B. Stone, Danielle L. Porier, Dawn I. Auguste, John A. Muller, Orchid M. Allicock, Sally L. Paulson, Jesse H. Erasmus, Albert J. Auguste
Summary: Cache Valley virus (CVV) is an emerging pathogen of significant importance to agricultural and human health in North America, with potential for substantial agroeconomic losses. Studies in murine models have revealed that CVV disease development is dependent on innate immune responses, particularly type I interferon signalling, and the development of a CVV in utero transmission model has shown high rates of transmission and disease outcomes. The high seropositivity rates and geographic expansion of competent mosquito vectors in North America highlight the need for interventions against potential epidemic and epizootic emergence of CVV.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Di Wu, Dahai Liu, Kensuke Tateishi, Fei Qi, Fang Yang, Chao Ke, Hua You
Summary: This review article presents the phenotypic and genotypic features of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) tumor cells, and compiles the preclinical animal models of PCNSL. Researchers hope that these animal models will enhance the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of PCNSL and accelerate the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)