Article
Cell Biology
Verena van der Heide, Sonia Jangra, Phillip Cohen, Raveen Rathnasinghe, Sadaf Aslam, Teresa Aydillo, Daniel Geanon, Diana Handler, Geoffrey Kelley, Brian Lee, Adeeb Rahman, Travis Dawson, Jingjing Qi, Darwin D'Souza, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Julia K. Panzer, Alejandro Caicedo, Irina Kusmartseva, Amanda L. Posgai, Mark A. Atkinson, Randy A. Albrecht, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Brad R. Rosenberg, Michael Schotsaert, Dirk Homann
Summary: In this study, comprehensive single-cell analysis of SARS-CoV-2-infected human pancreatic islets revealed that the infection is strictly dependent on the ACE2 receptor and targets various pancreatic cell types. However, the infection is limited and non-cytopathic, causing only mild cellular perturbations and inflammatory responses. Similar outcomes were observed with endemic coronaviruses. Further evaluation is needed to determine if COVID-19-induced damage to the pancreas and immunological changes increase the risk of diabetes.
Review
Neurosciences
Rebecca M. C. Gabriele, Emily Abel, Nick C. Fox, Selina Wray, Charles Arber
Summary: Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its cleavage fragment Amyloid-beta (A beta) play crucial roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Genetic alterations that increase the overall dosage of APP or favor the generation of more aggregation-prone A beta species directly contribute to the disease. Lowering APP expression is an attractive approach for AD treatment and prevention. New technologies that reduce APP expression may offer disease modification and slow clinical progression.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Reem Hoteit, Hadi M. Yassine
Summary: This review investigates the key variants and mutations of the novel coronavirus, exploring their transmission rates and their relationship with epidemiological factors, and compares them to previous coronaviruses. The study provides important information on these variants, including their transmissibility, infectivity rate, disease severity, affinity for host receptors, viral load, reproduction number, vaccine effectiveness, and vaccine breakthroughs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aneta Archala, Wojciech Plazinski, Anita Plazinska
Summary: The study found that different polymorphisms have minimal impact on the beta 2-AR protein, with the Ser220Cys polymorphism affecting G-protein binding and treatment responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gianluigi D'Agostino, Stefano Salvatore, Paolo Calvi, Anna Maria Condino
Summary: Adrenergic receptors of the beta(3)-subtype show promise as a new target for treating overactive bladder. The study used pig urinary bladders to investigate the functions of beta(3)-ADRs in controlling parasympathetic motor drive. The results suggest that activation of inhibitory beta(3)-ADRs can modulate neural parasympathetic pathways in pig detrusors, similar to previous findings in humans.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Chao Jiang, Yue Yang, Xianghui Chen, Jianxin Liao, Weixian Song, Xihai Zhang
Summary: This article proposes a new and more effective ADR algorithm (ND-ADR) for improving channel utilization and power consumption of terminal equipment in LoRaWAN. The algorithm solves the issues of the standard ADR algorithm's inability to be applied to mobile terminal devices and poor communication quality in harsh environments. Extensive simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the ND-ADR algorithm.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Laia Castells-Roca, Sara Gutierrez-Enriquez, Sandra Bonache, Massimo Bogliolo, Estela Carrasco, Miriam Aza-Carmona, Gemma Montalban, Nuria Munoz-Subirana, Roser Pujol, Cristina Cruz, Alba Llop-Guevara, Maria J. Ramirez, Cristina Saura, Adriana Lasa, Violeta Serra, Orland Diez, Judith Balmana, Jordi Surralles
Summary: The pathogenic variants of the BRCA2 gene have significant impact on Fanconi anemia and hereditary susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer. Research shows that even a hypomorphic BRCA2 allele with partial functionality can prevent the clinical phenotype of FA, but does not prevent the early onset of breast cancer and severe hypersensitivity to chemotherapy.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ann-Charlotte Granholm
Summary: COVID-19 can cause neurological symptoms that last for months, especially in younger individuals. The biological mechanisms behind these symptoms and why certain vulnerable populations are more affected are not fully understood. Researching the neurological consequences of COVID-19 is crucial due to the high number of cases worldwide.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Carlo Ticconi, Nicoletta Di Simone, Luisa Campagnolo, Asgerally Fazleabas
Summary: Decidualization is a complex process involving genetic, metabolic, morphological, biochemical, vascular, and immune changes in the endometrial stroma in response to embryo implantation or prior to conception. Defective decidualization can lead to inappropriate maternal-fetal interface and reproductive complications, while diseases like chronic endometritis and endometriosis may impair decidualization response. Further research is required to fully understand the biomolecular mechanisms underlying abnormal decidualization for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to improve pregnancy success.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lorenzo Vangelista, Ivano Calabrese, Alessandro Cattapan
Summary: This paper presents a new and effective method based on machine learning techniques, specifically the support vector machine supervised learning method, for determining the level of mobility of end devices. The proposed method does not rely on the location capability of LoRaWAN networks; instead, it relies only on data always available at the LoRaWAN network server. The performance of this method in a real LoRaWAN network is assessed, and the results provide clear evidence of the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed machine learning approach.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Celia Castano-Amores, Xando Diaz-Villamarin, Ana Maria Perez-Gutierrez, Alba Antunez-Rodriguez, Ana Pozo-Agundo, Eduardo Moreno-Escobar, Jesus Gabriel Sanchez-Ramos, Luis Javier Martinez-Gonzalez, Cristina Lucia Davila-Fajardo
Summary: Beta-blockers are commonly used to treat cardiovascular diseases, but genetic differences may affect individual responses. The ADRB1 Arg389Gly variant is the most studied genetic polymorphism in relation to bisoprolol response, but results have been inconclusive. Further studies are needed to explore the impact of genetic variants on bisoprolol response.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Giacomo Coppalini, Michele Salvagno, Lorenzo Peluso, Elisa Gouvea Bogossian, Armin Quispe Cornejo, Vincent Labbe, Filippo Annoni, Fabio Silvio Taccone
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health issue with high mortality rates, morbidity, and impact on quality of life. Cardiac injury is a common extracranial complication in TBI, affecting 25-35% of patients. The pathophysiology involves the interplay between the brain and the heart, leading to detrimental effects on both. β-blockers have shown potential benefits in limiting cardiac dysfunction in TBI, but further clinical studies are needed to confirm their role.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicola Wanner, Geoffroy Andrieux, Pau Badia-I-Mompel, Carolin Edler, Susanne Pfefferle, Maja T. Lindenmeyer, Christian Schmidt-Lauber, Jan Czogalla, Milagros N. Wong, Yusuke Okabayashi, Fabian Braun, Marc Luetgehetmann, Elisabeth Meister, Shun Lu, Maria L. M. Noriega, Thomas Guenther, Adam Grundhoff, Nicole Fischer, Hanna Braeuninger, Diana Lindner, Dirk Westermann, Fabian Haas, Kevin Roedl, Stefan Kluge, Marylyn M. Addo, Samuel Huber, Ansgar W. Lohse, Jochen Reiser, Benjamin Ondruschka, Jan P. Sperhake, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Melanie Boerries, Salim S. Hayek, Martin Aepfelbacher, Pietro Scaturro, Victor G. Puelles, Tobias B. Huber
Summary: The study provides evidence for the hepatic tropism of SARS-CoV-2 and its impact on liver injury in COVID-19 patients. The researchers found viral RNA in autopsy liver specimens and successfully isolated infectious SARS-CoV-2 from liver tissue postmortem. The study also reveals similarities between the liver signatures of COVID-19 and other viral infections.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Abigail Phillips, Karen E. Hauer, H. Carrie Chen, Alisa Wray, Sarah Watanaskul, Christy K. Boscardin
Summary: This study explores how medical schools in the US are responding to the discontinuation of the Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS) exam and their future directions for comprehensive clinical skills exams. The majority of schools continue to conduct these exams and identify funding and organizational capacity as challenges for sustainability.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Avinash Chandra, Chloe Farrell, Heather Wilson, George Dervenoulas, Edoardo Rosario De Natale, Marios Politis
Summary: The study found that genetic variation of the AQP4 gene is associated with Aβ uptake, neuropathology, clinical outcomes, and cognitive decline, serving as a potential biomarker for predicting disease burden in patients on the dementia spectrum.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
