Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paulo Roberto Xavier Tomaz, Thuane Sales Goncalves, Juliana Rocha Santos, Jaqueline Scholz, Tania Ogawa Abe, Patricia Viviane Gaya, Eduardo Costa Figueiredo, Henrique Dipe de Faria, Isarita Martins, Ana Miguel Fonseca Pego, Beatriz Aparecida Bismara, Mauricio Yonamine, Alexandre Costa Pereira, Paulo Caleb Lima Santos Junior
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the application of nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR) in Brazilian smoking patients and analyze its association with smoking characteristics. The findings contribute to the development of personalized smoking cessation treatments and improvement of success rates.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Erin A. Vogel, Neal L. Benowitz, Jordan Skan, Matthew Schnellbaecher, Judith J. Prochaska
Summary: Research on nicotine metabolism has mainly focused on white adults, but this study looked at Alaska Native adults, finding that their characteristics related to nicotine metabolism may differ from those typically found among white adults. Specifically, the results suggest that Alaska Native adults with slower nicotine metabolism may not adjust their nicotine intake when smoking.
EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Patrick J. Hammett, Michael S. Businelle, Brent C. Taylor, Christopher R. Erbes, Lori Bastian, Neal Doran, Scott E. Sherman, Erin S. Rogers, Diana J. Burgess, Steven S. Fu
Summary: In a study of veteran smokers engaged in mental health services, smoking abstinence and nicotine withdrawal were associated with lower levels of pain, with variations observed among participants with different levels of pain severity.
Article
Substance Abuse
Meghan J. Chenoweth, Caryn Lerman, Jo Knight, Rachel F. Tyndale
Summary: The study found that genetic variation in the SLCO3A1 gene may influence the risk of developing nausea in smokers treated with varenicline, which could affect adherence and cessation outcomes.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ginnie Ng, Sophia Attwells, Peter Selby, Laurie Zawertailo
Summary: The study found that the use of non-nicotinic e-cigarettes, with or without nicotine, can reduce cigarette cravings in dependent daily smokers, especially after exposure to smoking cues. This suggests that behavioral simulation of smoking, with or without nicotine, may be effective in reducing nicotine craving and potentially aiding in smoking reduction or cessation.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Nikita L. Poole, Math J. J. M. Candel, Marc C. Willemsen, Floor A. van den Brand
Summary: This study examines the effectiveness of different delivery modes for professional behavioral counseling for smoking cessation in a real-world setting. The results show that mode of counseling does not appear to be important for long-term quit success when chosen by oneself. However, certain groups such as women, lower educated individuals, and younger participants may require more tailored counseling to prevent program attrition and unsuccessful quit attempts.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hipolito Perez-Martin, Cristina Lidon-Moyano, Adrian Gonzalez-Marron, Marcela Fu, Raul Perez-Ortuno, Montse Ballbe, Juan Carlos Martin-Sanchez, Jose A. Pascual, Esteve Fernandez, Jose M. Martinez-Sanchez
Summary: This study analyzed data from a longitudinal and a cross-sectional study to investigate the nicotine metabolite ratio among tobacco smokers, e-cigarette users with and without nicotine, and nonusers. The findings showed that exclusive users of e-cigarettes without nicotine had the lowest nicotine metabolic rate, while cigarette smokers had the highest. Nonusers had a lower nicotine metabolic rate compared to cigarette smokers. Additionally, younger individuals and those with lower body mass index had higher nicotine metabolic rates.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kim N. N. Cajachagua-Torres, Sophia M. M. Blaauwendraad, Hanan El Marroun, Hans Demmelmair, Berthold Koletzko, Romy Gaillard, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
Summary: Fetal tobacco exposure is associated with changes in neonatal metabolite profiles, with different effects observed during different stages of maternal smoking.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Selby, Laurie Zawertailo
Summary: A 58-year-old female smoker with multiple comorbidities and a history of major depression seeks treatment for smoking cessation. Despite using nicotine gum for 4 weeks continuously, she has been unable to quit smoking.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ahmed El-Boraie, Meghan J. Chenoweth, Jennie G. Pouget, Neal L. Benowitz, Koya Fukunaga, Taisei Mushiroda, Michiaki Kubo, Nicole L. Nollen, Lisa Sanderson Cox, Caryn Lerman, Jo Knight, Rachel F. Tyndale
Summary: The Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR) is influenced by smoking behavior, diseases, and cessation outcomes. Genetic risk scores based on CYP2A6 for European and African populations can accurately reflect metabolizer types and predict the NMR.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jinyoung Byun, Younghun Han, Quinn T. Ostrom, Jacob Edelson, Kyle M. Walsh, Rowland W. Pettit, Melissa L. Bondy, Rayjean J. Hung, James D. McKay, Christopher Amos
Summary: This study identified multiple traits that are genetically correlated with lung cancer, including emphysema/chronic bronchitis and paternal history of lung cancer. These findings shed light on the genetic factors and etiology of lung cancer.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
James W. Baurley, Andrew W. Bergen, Carolyn M. Ervin, Sung-Shim Lani Park, Sharon E. Murphy, Christopher S. McMahan
Summary: This study aimed to develop prediction models of nicotine metabolism using genotypes and basic individual characteristics. The results showed that nicotine metabolism is closely related to genetic variants near CYP2A6, age, and ancestry. The study developed seven models to predict nicotine metabolism and validated them using multiple datasets.
Article
Immunology
Yotam Arens, Warren B. Bilker, Xiaoyan Han, Michael Plankey, Deanna Ware, M. Reuel Friedman, Gypsyamber D'Souza, Valentina Stosor, Steven Shoptaw, Robert A. Schnoll, Rachel F. Tyndale, Rebecca Ashare, Robert Gross
Summary: This study investigated the effect of HIV infection on nicotine metabolism and found that HIV infection had no measurable effect on NMR.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Haidy K. Giratallah, Meghan J. Chenoweth, Newton Addo, Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Lisa Sanderson Cox, Caryn Lerman, Tony P. George, Neal L. Benowitz, Rachel F. Tyndale
Summary: This study found that urinary NMRT/F showed the highest correlation with plasma NMR, making it the best urinary alternative to plasma NMR or nicotine clearance. NMRT/T had the least utility due to its substantial influence from cotinine glucuronidation.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Maria Novalen, Meghan J. Chenoweth, Bin Zhao, Larry W. Hawk, Rachel F. Tyndale
Summary: This study found that varenicline and other analytes remained stable in saliva during storage for 21 days at various temperatures, and only showed minor concentration changes after repeated freezing and thawing. These findings support the potential use of mail-in approach for saliva samples in varenicline smoking cessation clinical trials.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eliza R. McColl, Jacinda Kwok, Neal L. Benowitz, Christi A. Patten, Christine A. Hughes, Kathryn R. Koller, Christie A. Flanagan, Timothy K. Thomas, Vanessa Y. Hiratsuka, Rachel F. Tyndale, Micheline Piquette-Miller
Summary: Prenatal tobacco use affects the expression of multiple placental transporters, and this effect differs by fetal sex. Transcript levels of multiple transporters significantly correlate with tobacco biomarkers in maternal and fetal urine. Eliminating prenatal tobacco use should alleviate these changes.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Typhaine Paysan-Lafosse, Matthias Blum, Sara Chuguransky, Tiago Grego, Beatriz Lazaro Pinto, Gustavo A. Salazar, Maxwell L. Bileschi, Peer Bork, Alan Bridge, Lucy Colwell, Julian Gough, Daniel H. Haft, Ivica Letunic, Aron Marchler-Bauer, Huaiyu Mi, Darren A. Natale, Christine A. Orengo, Arun P. Pandurangan, Catherine Rivoire, Christian J. A. Sigrist, Ian Sillitoe, Narmada Thanki, Paul D. Thomas, Silvio C. E. Tosatto, Cathy H. Wu, Alex Bateman
Summary: The InterPro database has been updated with new data content and website features, providing a more user-friendly access to protein sequence classification and functional domain identification. It has also integrated features from the retiring Pfam website and developed a card game to engage the non-scientific community. Furthermore, the database explores the benefits and challenges of using artificial intelligence for protein structure prediction.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alec W. R. Langlois, Ahmed El-Boraie, Jennie G. G. Pouget, Lisa Sanderson Cox, Jasjit S. S. Ahluwalia, Koya Fukunaga, Taisei Mushiroda, Jo Knight, Meghan J. J. Chenoweth, Rachel F. F. Tyndale
Summary: CYP2A6 gene exhibits polymorphisms, including gene deletions, duplications, and hybrids with the CYP2A7 pseudogene. This study developed a reliable protocol for genotyping CYP2A6 structural variants, investigated their association with lung cancer risk, and explored the feasibility of CYP2A6 structural variant imputation from SNP array data.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Dara G. Ghahremani, Jean-Baptiste F. Pochon, Maylen Perez Diaz, Rachel F. Tyndale, Andy C. Dean, Edythe D. London
Summary: Nicotine dependence is a major predictor of relapse in individuals with Tobacco Use Disorder. The study examines the relationship between nicotine dependence and the sub-regions of the insular cortex, suggesting potential therapeutic approaches based on targeting specific insular subnetworks.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christine Ibrahim, Victor M. Tang, Daniel M. Blumberger, Saima Malik, Rachel F. Tyndale, Alisson P. Trevizol, Mera S. Barr, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Abraham Zangen, Bernard Le Foll
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential benefit of using insula repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with the H11 coil in combination with varenicline for smoking cessation. The combined treatment showed a higher rate of success in achieving abstinence at the end of the treatment period. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of other smoking outcomes and adverse events. Maintenance rTMS sessions and continuation of varenicline for individuals who achieve abstinence may lead to long-term effects and should be considered in future studies.
Article
Neurosciences
Nadia Boachie, Erin Gaudette, Richard P. Bazinet, Lin Lin, Rachel F. Tyndale, Esmaeil Mansouri, Marilyn A. Huestis, Junchao Tong, Bernard Le Foll, Stephen J. Kish, Tony P. George, Isabelle Boileau
Summary: Our preliminary findings suggest that the activity of the endocannabinoid system is elevated in chronic cannabis users. Further studies are needed to examine endocannabinoids and NAEs during prolonged abstinence and the potential role of DHEA in craving.
Article
Substance Abuse
Jaedon P. Avey, Krista R. Schaefer, Carolyn J. Noonan, Susan B. Trinidad, Clemma J. Muller, Katrina G. Claw, Denise A. Dillard, Michael R. Todd, Julie A. Beans, Rachel F. Tyndale, Renee F. Robinson, Kenneth E. Thummel
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the contributions of nicotine metabolite ratio, cessation medication, demographics, and tobacco use history to quit success. The findings revealed that the use of varenicline and bupropion increased the likelihood of quitting, compared to nicotine replacement therapy. Non-optimal medication and phenotype concordance decreased the chances of successful cessation.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Scott S. Lee, Yuchiao Chang, Nancy A. Rigotti, Daniel E. Singer, Douglas E. Levy, Rachel F. Tyndale, Esa M. Davis, Matthew S. Freiberg, Stephen King, Quinn S. Wells, Hilary A. Tindle
Summary: The nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR) is a biomarker that predicts the efficacy of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), with fast metabolizers benefiting less than slow metabolizers. This study aimed to investigate whether treatment support can improve smoking cessation outcomes in fast metabolizers.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Meghan J. Chenoweth, Caryn Lerman, Jo Knight, Rachel F. Tyndale
Summary: The goal of this study was to determine how genetic variation in CYP2A6 and nicotine dependence impact smoking cessation, and whether dependence could refine treatment recommendations. The results indicated that nicotine dependence neither mediated nor moderated the association between CYP2A6 variation and smoking cessation. Incorporating information on both CYP2A6 and nicotine dependence severity may improve smoking cessation strategies.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Nicole M. Roeder, Abrianna Mihalkovic, Brittany J. Richardson, Samantha L. Penman, Maria Novalen, Nikki Hammond, Rina Eiden, Jibran Y. Khokhar, Rachel F. Tyndale, Panayotis K. Thanos
Summary: This study aimed to extend previous research on nicotine inhalation to female animals and provide behavioral and pharmacokinetic data. The results showed that while nicotine serum concentrations were similar between inhalation and injection, the route of administration had differential effects on locomotor behavior.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alec W. R. Langlois, Jennie G. Pouget, Jo Knight, Meghan J. Chenoweth, Rachel F. Tyndale
Summary: The deletion of CYP2A7 is associated with ovarian cancer risk, but CYP2A6 structural variants do not affect ovarian cancer risk and lower the risk of lung cancer.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Robert K. Cooper Jr, Martin C. Mahoney, Stephen T. Tiffany, Craig R. Colder, Rachel F. Tyndale, Larry W. Hawk Jr
Summary: People who metabolize nicotine more quickly are generally less successful at quitting smoking, but the mechanisms linking nicotine metabolism to smoking reinforcement and craving are unclear. This study found that in a sample of adults seeking to quit smoking, higher metabolism rate was not associated with greater smoking reinforcement or craving.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Intishar Kazi, Meghan J. Chenoweth, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Keith Ahamad, M. Eugenia Socias, Bernard Le Foll, Rachel F. Tyndale
Summary: Methadone and buprenorphine/naloxone are effective treatments for opioid use disorder, but individual responses can vary due to genetic factors. A study investigated the association between genetic variants and clinical outcomes in patients receiving these treatments for 24 weeks. The results showed that OPRM1 gene rs1799971 variant was associated with a better response to methadone treatment, with individuals carrying the AA genotype having more opioid-free urine screens.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Letter
Substance Abuse
John A. Cunningham, Scott T. Leatherdale, Michael Chaiton, Rachel F. Tyndale, Christina Schell, Alexandra Godinho
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Dana Mowls Carroll, Sharon Murphy, Ellen Meier, Kristine Rhodes, Casey Dorr, Greg Braaten, Pamala A. Jacobson, Linda Frizzell, Rachel F. Tyndale, Dorothy Hatsukami, Carol Hernandez
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of tailoring pharmacotherapy to the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR) and its potential significance for American Indian individuals. The results showed a significant correlation between NMR and cigarette dependence, but the acceptability of NMR-informed pharmacotherapy was lower in this tribe.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)