Article
Allergy
Sunil Tomar, Varsha Ganesan, Ankit Sharma, Chang Zeng, Lisa Waggoner, Andrew Smith, Chang H. Kim, Paula Licona-Limon, Richard L. Reinhardt, Richard A. Flavell, Yui-Hsi Wang, Simon P. Hogan
Summary: This study found that IL-4Ra signaling directly modulates MMC9 function and exacerbates experimental IgE-mediated food allergic reactions. IL-4Ra regulation of MMC9s is partly BATF-dependent and occurs via modulation of metabolic transcriptional programs.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nobuhiro Nakano, Jiro Kitaura
Summary: Mucosal mast cells (MMCs) in the intestinal mucosa play a crucial role in the development of IgE-mediated food allergies. Recent research has revealed that MMCs are distinct from connective tissue mast cells found in the skin and other tissues. The mechanism of MMC expansion and their cellular functions are not well understood. Research focusing on MMCs can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of food allergies and advance their treatment.
Article
Immunology
Zhao Wang, Xi Zhao, Hongmei Zhou, Delu Che, Xiaojie Du, Dan Ye, Weihui Zeng, Songmei Geng
Summary: Mast cell activation is associated with the pathogenesis of various immune dysregulatory skin disorders. Recent studies have shown that the activation of an IgE-independent pseudo-allergic route is mainly mediated through Mas-Related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) and regulated by Ryanodine receptor (RYR). This finding provides insights into the role of RYR in MRGPRX2-mediated pseudo-allergic dermatitis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Tolulope E. Ayo, Pratikshya Adhikari, Hao Xu
Summary: The study reveals that maximal production of TNF in antigen-activated RBL-2H3 cells relies on the regulator of exocytic fusion, Munc13-4. It further demonstrates the involvement of various fusion catalysts in TNF production. The findings suggest that soluble TNF and TNFR1 act as autocrine agents and receptors respectively, promoting TNF proliferation during allergic inflammation.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaohui Yang, Dohyeon Lee, Hyun-Woo Kim, Byung-Hyun Park, Changjin Lim, Eun Ju Bae
Summary: The study investigates the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on mast cell degranulation and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in mice. CBD suppresses antigen-stimulated mast cell degranulation by inhibiting downstream signaling molecules and calcium mobilization. In addition, CBD inhibits the development of mast cells and suppresses passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in mice.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Hans C. Oettgen
Summary: Mast cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract play a crucial role in IgE-mediated allergic reactions to foods. Aside from immediate reactions, recent evidence suggests that mast cells are also important regulators of adaptive immunity to foods. They provide cytokines that initiate and consolidate immune responses to allergens in the gastrointestinal mucosa, as well as molecules that recruit leukocytes causing tissue inflammation. By counteracting the activating effects of IgE antibodies, food-specific IgG antibodies suppress both immediate allergic reactions and mast cell-mediated immune responses.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lu Yao, Yanjun Gu, Tianyi Jiang, Huilian Che
Summary: This study found that activating PPAR-gamma can alleviate clinical symptoms and immune reactions in food allergies. Activation of PPAR-gamma can mitigate food allergies by enhancing intestinal mucosal integrity and tight junctions, and inhibiting mast cell degranulation. Furthermore, PPAR-gamma activation can also inhibit PAK1 phosphorylation and p65 expression.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Meitong Liu, Jing Lu, Yuelin Chen, Xiaolei Shi, YaZhuo Li, Shuting Yang, Jing Yu, Shuang Guan
Summary: The study revealed that sodium sulfite triggers pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, in mast cells, leading to cell membrane rupture and degranulation. Reactive oxygen species and NLRP3 play crucial roles in this process.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christoph Ehrsam, Tobias Rechenauer, Ida Allabauer, Gregor Siebenlist, Sonja Kaspar, Daniel Rieger, Margit Schmid, Aline Ruckel, Joachim Woelfle, Arndt Hartmann, Ralf Rieker, Martin Raithel, Carol Geppert, Andre Hoerning
Summary: This study investigated the number and distribution of mast cells (MCs) in the pediatric gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and found significant differences in MC counts in different parts of the GI tract. The counts of MCs in the pediatric GI tract are higher than previously reported, with an overlap between healthy individuals and those with gastrointestinal food allergies (GFA). These results provide detailed information on MC distribution and numbers in pediatric allergic patients, and allow for the estimation of physiological values in childhood for the first time.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Linglin Fu, Wanglei Lin, Chong Wang, Yanbo Wang
Summary: In this study, a 3-dimensional intestinal cell model was established to mimic the intestinal mucosal immune system, showing more significant and specific allergic responses compared to conventional cell models and mouse models. This model is of great importance for food allergy investigations.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Antonella Cianferoni
Summary: Anaphylaxis is not only IgE-mediated, but also involves non-IgE pathways; mast cells and basophils can be activated by various substances, leading to reactions similar to anaphylaxis.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Chen Ji, Yue Huang, Long Him Yeung, Oliver Hemmings, Zainab Jama, Matthew Kwok, Gideon Lack, Alexandra F. Santos
Summary: This study found that Arah2-sIgE levels and Ara h 2/total IgE ratios are important factors in determining clinical reactions to peanut allergy, and that most children sensitized to Ara h 2 are peanut-allergic. Specific activity and Arah2-sIgE titers are the major determinants of mast cell response to Ara h 2.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Chiara Tontini, Silvia Bulfone-Paus
Summary: Allergy is a type-I hypersensitivity reaction that can lead to life-threatening systemic symptoms. Novel therapeutic options targeting mast cells activation, such as monoclonal antibodies and allergen-specific immunotherapy, are promising for severe allergies treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lulu Zhang, Hongfang Jin, Yunjia Song, Selena Ying Chen, Yi Wang, Yan Sun, Chaoshu Tang, Junbao Du, Yaqian Huang
Summary: The study revealed the presence of an endogenous SO2/AAT pathway in MCs, where SO2 serves as an MC stabilizer by upregulating the cAMP pathway under hypoxic conditions.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Catherine Ptaschinski, Andrew J. Rasky, Wendy Fonseca, Nicholas W. Lukacs
Summary: Food allergy is a growing public health concern affecting approximately 15 million people in the United States. Targeting a specific isoform of stem cell factor (SCF248) with a monoclonal antibody in a model of food allergy has shown to reduce mast cell mediated disease activation and symptoms of anaphylaxis, indicating a potential therapeutic approach for alleviating food allergy severity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)