Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Paavai Ilango, Jaideep Mahendra, Little Mahendra, Sanjay M. Cherian, Vasugi Suresh, Arulpari Mahalingam, Vinoth Khanna, Abirami Thanigaimalai
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in patients with periodontitis and/or coronary artery disease (CAD) and compare it with their healthy controls. The results showed a higher prevalence of EBV and CMV in patients with periodontitis, indicating the significant role of these viruses in periodontitis. The study also found that HSV was more prevalent in patients with CAD, suggesting a potential link between CAD and periodontitis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shatha Bamashmous, Georgios A. Kotsakis, Kristopher A. Kerns, Brian G. Leroux, Camille Zenobia, Dandan Chen, Harsh M. Trivedi, Jeffrey S. McLean, Richard P. Darveau
Summary: Experimental gingivitis can lead to three distinct clinical inflammatory phenotypes (high, low, and slow response groups), each characterized by different levels of host mediators and bacterial composition. Additionally, novel tissue and bone protective responses were observed in all response groups during gingival inflammation, indicating variability in host responses due to differences in host immune profiles and microbial community maturation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Flavia Teles, Ronald G. Collman, Dana Mominkhan, Yu Wang
Summary: Studies have shown a connection between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions, suggesting that these oral diseases may contribute to the development of systemic diseases. The bacterial infection and inflammation caused by periodontal diseases are believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of these systemic conditions. Furthermore, viruses in the oral cavity might also have a similar impact in connecting periodontal diseases and systemic conditions.
PERIODONTOLOGY 2000
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sifan Ye, Congyu Lu, Ye Qiu, Heping Zheng, Xingyi Ge, Aiping Wu, Zanxian Xia, Taijiao Jiang, Haizhen Zhu, Yousong Peng
Summary: This study curated an atlas of human viruses and built a database to reveal the viral species carried by humans and their infection characteristics. The viral diversity in humans was found to be age-dependent and the tissue tropism of viruses was associated with various factors. The study also predicted the tissue tropism of DNA viruses using an algorithm. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into human viruses and their diversity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
G. M. Jonaid, William J. Dearnaley, Michael A. Casasanta, Liam Kaylor, Samantha Berry, Madeline J. Dukes, Michael S. Spilman, Jennifer L. Gray, Deborah F. Kelly
Summary: Liquid-phase electron microscopy (LP-EM) is a new exciting field in materials imaging, offering unprecedented views of molecular processes. Insights from LP-EM studies complement other high-resolution techniques, and expanding this technology into 3D realm presents future opportunities.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Boyu Tang, Caixia Yan, Xin Shen, Yan Li
Summary: Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes have a bidirectional relationship, with the oral microbiome playing a crucial role in immune modulation. Viruses also play a significant role in the development of both conditions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Xiaolian Xiao, Xiaoping Xiao, Yaoran Liu, Haidan Sun, Xiaoyan Liu, Zhengguang Guo, Qian Li, Wei Sun
Summary: Periodontitis, the leading cause of tooth loss in adults globally, is not fully understood in terms of human proteome and metaproteome characterization. This study analyzed gingival crevicular fluid samples from periodontitis and healthy subjects, finding differential expression of 570 human proteins primarily associated with inflammation, cell death, cellular junction, and fatty acid metabolism. The metaproteome analysis identified 51 genera, with 10 genera highly expressed in periodontitis and 11 downregulated. The study revealed upregulation of microbial proteins related to butyrate metabolism in periodontitis, and significant correlations between host proteins and metaproteins reflecting molecular function changes during periodontitis occurrence.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Borros Arneth
Summary: Significant advances have been made in cell biology, particularly in understanding the role of leftover viruses in human physiology. Research evidence suggests that retroviruses and nonretroviruses can be integrated into the human genome, playing key roles in human evolution and the pathogenesis of viral infections. This study highlights the importance of studying leftover viruses to gain a deeper understanding of human physiology and evolution.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Madalina Preda, Loredana Sabina Cornelia Manolescu, Razvan Daniel Chivu
Summary: Alpha herpes simplex viruses pose a significant public health problem, affecting people of all ages. From common cold sores to severe conditions like encephalitis and newborn mortality, the virus produces varying levels of pathology. While there is an efficient vaccine for varicella-zoster virus, there is no available vaccine for herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 despite several approaches, including trivalent subunit vaccines and bioinformatic studies. However, recent promising attempts, such as a trivalent vaccine and a multivalent DNA vaccine, offer hope for future solutions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Angel Patino-Galindo, Ioan Filip, Raul Rabadan
Summary: Recombination plays a significant role in driving viral evolution and adaptation, with differences in recombination rates observed among viruses infecting humans. Positive single-stranded RNA viruses exhibit higher recombination frequencies, while an inverse correlation is found between genome length and recombination rate across multiple viruses.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Therese Weider, Angelo Genoni, Francesco Broccolo, Trond H. Paulsen, Knut Dahl-Jorgensen, Antonio Toniolo, Sara Salehi Hammerstad
Summary: This study found a high prevalence of common viruses in thyroid tissue, with enteroviruses, human herpesvirus 6, and parvovirus B19 being the most common. The significance of these detected viruses as causal agents, possible cofactors, or bystanders remains to be determined.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Forni, Rachele Cagliani, Mario Clerici, Manuela Sironi
Summary: About 270 viruses can infect humans, and their movement and dispersal have been determined by human migrations and technological advances. Field studies on virus diversity in other animals have provided insights into the evolutionary history of human viruses.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Kathryn E. Kistler, Trevor Bedford
Summary: The study reveals that antigenic evolution is a common evolutionary strategy among human viruses, allowing them to evade prior immunity. Furthermore, SARS-CoV2 is accumulating protein-coding changes at a significantly faster rate than endemic viruses.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Kalina Shishkova, Raina Gergova, Elena Tasheva, Stoyan Shishkov, Ivo Sirakov
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the presence of high-risk HPV genotypes in patients with periodontitis and a pronounced clinical picture. Significant differences were found in HPV positive results between the periodontitis positive group and the control group. The presence of high-risk HPV genotypes, associated with periodontitis-causing bacteria, was confirmed.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Francesca Errani, Sara Ciulli, Luciana Mandrioli, Patrizia Serratore, Enrico Volpe
Summary: This study focuses on the viral contamination in gastropods and bivalve molluscs. The findings show that gastropods have lower contamination of human viruses compared to bivalve molluscs, posing a minor concern to human health. Additionally, the presence of nervous necrosis virus (NNV), a pathogen impacting marine aquaculture, was detected in gastropods, although it did not result in pathological changes.