Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Philip C. Calder, Nicolaas E. P. Deutz
Summary: This article summarizes two highly cited papers published in Clinical Science in 1982 and 2011, which investigated the effects of stable isotope-labeled amino acids infusion and high-dose omega-3 fatty acid intake on skeletal muscle protein synthesis. These papers provide experimental approaches to study human physiology, novel insights into the impact of nutritional state and specific nutrients on muscle protein synthesis, and potential interventions for preventing and reversing muscle mass decline.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Olesia N. Makhutova, Vasiliy V. Nokhsorov, Kirill N. Stoyanov, Lyubov V. Dudareva, Klim A. Petrov
Summary: This study investigated the fatty acid profiles of Yakutian cattle meat, liver, and fat, as well as their main food resource – pasture plants. The fatty acid profiles of Yakutian cattle tissues differed from that of pasture plants, and their meat and liver were found to be beneficial for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease due to their high content of certain fatty acids. The preservation of this valuable cattle breed is therefore important.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ana P. Pinto, Alisson L. da Rocha, Giovana R. Teixeira, Rafael L. Rovina, Allice S. C. Veras, Fabiani Frantz, Jose R. Pauli, Leandro P. de Moura, Dennys E. Cintra, Eduardo R. Ropelle, Joe Quadrilatero, Adelino S. R. da Silva
Summary: Excessive downhill running leads to hepatic fat accumulation, and is associated with increased levels of mTORC1 and insulin signaling. Rapamycin administration can inhibit mTORC1, but does not upregulate autophagy flux.
Article
Cell Biology
Yuri Karen Sinzato, Veronyca Goncalves Paula, Franciane Quintanilha Gallego, Rafaianne Q. Moraes-Souza, Jose Eduardo Corrente, Gustavo Tadeu Volpato, Debora Cristina Damasceno
Summary: Maternal diabetes and high-fat diet have similar adverse effects on the health of F1 and F2 generations, including infertility, decreased insulin sensitivity, and fetal growth restriction. The combination of both factors also results in increased lipoperoxidation, decreased glucose tolerance, and increased fetal leptin levels.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcos A. Perez, Jennifer L. Watts
Summary: Caenorhabditis elegans is a key organism for studying genetic pathways underlying regulated cell death, particularly apoptosis. Research in C. elegans has also shown the roles of lipids in apoptosis and the induction of ferroptosis. This review highlights recent work in C. elegans regarding the roles of various lipids in regulated cell death.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camila Farias, Camila Cisternas, Juan Cristobal Gana, Gigliola Alberti, Francisca Echeverria, Luis A. Videla, Lorena Mercado, Yasna Munoz, Rodrigo Valenzuela
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in pediatrics, and children and adolescents with obesity are at increased risk of the disease. Currently, there is no effective drug therapy in pediatrics, making lifestyle interventions the primary treatment option.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yujie Xu, Jingyuan Xiong, Wanke Gao, Xiaoyu Wang, Shufang Shan, Li Zhao, Guo Cheng
Summary: The association between dietary fat and fat quality and puberty timing is inconsistent. This study found that children with higher intakes of total fat and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were more likely to reach puberty at an earlier age, while intakes of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) were not independently associated with puberty development.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yang Yang, Shenhan Ge, Qingyan Chen, Shaoling Lin, Shaoxiao Zeng, Bee K. Tan, Jiamiao Hu
Summary: Chlorella unsaturated fatty acids (C.UFAs), rich in linoleic acid, have been found to have antiobesity effects by reducing body weight gain, improving blood glucose and lipid profile. The mechanisms may involve down-regulation of lipogenic genes and up-regulation of lipolytic gene, as well as activation of the AMPK signaling pathway.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Iman Moussa, Rena S. Day, Ruosha Li, Ahmed Kaseb, Prasun K. Jalal, Carrie Daniel-MacDougall, Rikita I. Hatia, Ahmed Abdelhakeem, Asif Rashid, Yun Shin Chun, Donghui Li, Manal M. Hassan
Summary: This study found an inverse association between monounsaturated fatty acid intake and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk, and a direct association between total polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and HCC risk. Omega-6 PUFA intake was directly associated with HCC risk, while long-chain omega-3 PUFA intake was inversely associated with HCC risk. No significant association was observed for saturated fat and HCC risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Ryan Shipley, Cornelia W. Twining, Margaux Mathieu-Resuge, Tarn Preet Parmar, Martin Kainz, Dominik Martin-Creuzburg, Christine Weber, David W. Winkler, Catherine H. Graham, Blake Matthews
Summary: Climate change can lead to mismatches between resource supply and consumer demand, which can have negative effects on fitness. This study found that aquatic insects reach peak biomass earlier in the season than terrestrial insects, and the availability of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) to consumers depends largely on the phenology of aquatic insect emergence. This results in nutritional phenological mismatches for consumers, as highly nutritious aquatic insects cannot be simply replaced by terrestrial insects.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Andres Sats, Sergei Yurchenko, Tanel Kaart, Vilma Tatar, Liis Lutter
Summary: This study measured the size distribution of bovine colostrum fat globules (CFG) and analyzed its relationships with postpartum milkings, parity, and fatty acids profile. The results showed that CFG size almost doubled during the postpartum milkings, while lactation had little effect on CFG size. The fatty acids profile analysis also revealed significant differences between the fourth postpartum milking and the previous milking. Based on these findings, the first three postpartum milkings can be considered as colostrum, while the fourth milking represents transition milk.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan-Zou Dong, Tian Xia, Ji-Bin Lin, Ling Wang, Kai Song, Chun-Xiao Zhang
Summary: This study found that quercetin can significantly inhibit fat deposition induced by a high-fat diet, possibly by activating mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy while suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lloyd Noriega, Cheng-Ying Yang, Chih-Hao Wang
Summary: Brown and beige adipocytes have the ability to generate heat and can be activated by various methods. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of their differentiation and function is crucial for developing clinical therapies. Drugs and nutritional interventions can activate these adipocytes while minimizing potential side effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maedeh Mozafarinia, Bahareh Sasanfar, Fatemeh Toorang, Amin Salehi-Abargouei, Kazem Zendehdel
Summary: The study indicates that a high-fat diet may increase the risk of breast cancer, especially in postmenopausal women. Individuals with high intake of animal fat and polyunsaturated fatty acids are more likely to develop BC, but there is no association in premenopausal women.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annalisa Noce, Giulia Marrone, Eleonora Ottaviani, Cristina Guerriero, Francesca Di Daniele, Anna Pietroboni Zaitseva, Nicola Di Daniele
Summary: Uremic sarcopenia, prevalent in CKD patients, can be ameliorated by nutritional therapy and personalized physical activity program.
