Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhi-Bo Wang, Lan Tan, Hui-Fu Wang, Shi-Dong Chen, Yan Fu, Pei-Yang Gao, Ya-Hui Ma, Yu Guo, Jia-Hui Hou, Dan-Dan Zhang, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of biomarkers related to amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration in predicting Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology at different clinical stages. The results showed that amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ)42/phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181 performed well in differentiating AD and predicting neuropathological changes in early and late clinical stages. However, CSF Aβ42 performed better in early clinical stage, while CSF p-tau181, CSF t-tau, and plasma p-tau181 performed better in late clinical stage.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Zineb Jeddi, Ihsane Gryech, Mounir Ghogho, Maryame EL Hammoumi, Chafiq Mahraoui
Summary: The study used machine learning models to predict childhood asthma and identified 19 significant risk factors associated with the disease. Random forest was found to be the best predictive model. Maternal and prenatal risk factors play important roles in childhood asthma and most of them are avoidable, emphasizing the need for raising awareness about prenatal risk factors.
Article
Business, Finance
Wolfgang Schadner
Summary: This paper explores a method to improve the estimation accuracy of the equity implied correlation matrix, addressing the puzzle from a factor pricing perspective and identifying necessary structures. Refining the matrix into clusters of similar firm characteristics enhances estimation precision while maintaining the benefits of forward-looking analysis.
FINANCE RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ali Ali El-Raghi, Nesrein M. Hashem
Summary: This study investigated the effects of various factors on the body weight gain and survival of Zaraibi (Nubian) goat kids. The results showed that factors such as sex, litter size, birth weight, daily milk yield, and parity had significant impacts on body weight gain. Male kids had higher weight gain than female kids, and singletons had higher weight gain than kids born to a litter of two or more. Birth weight and daily milk yield were positively correlated with weight gain. Additionally, survival rates increased with higher daily milk yield and parity number.
Article
Economics
Jakob Grazzini, Lorenza Rossi
Summary: This paper examines the effects of a decline in relative investment prices on the steady state and dynamic properties of a two-sector real business cycle model. By incorporating firm heterogeneity and dynamics into the analysis, the paper demonstrates the importance of both factors in understanding the decline in labor share and the increase in capital intensity observed in the US economy. The findings are supported by robust evidence from firm-level data of the US economy.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Miheret Yitayew, Nayef Chahin, Salem Rustom, Leroy R. Thacker, Karen D. Hendricks-Munoz
Summary: A study compared the performance of two growth-assessment tools, Fenton and Intergrowth-21st, in classifying size at birth, identifying growth failure, and predicting neurodevelopment in preterm infants. The results showed high agreement between the tools in identifying small for gestational age, but moderate agreement in classifying postnatal growth failure at discharge. Growth failure was less prevalent using IG-21st, and weight-based growth failure was significantly associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 and 24 months.
Article
Pediatrics
Theodore Dassios, Emma E. Williams, Ann Hickey, Catey Bunce, Anne Greenough
Summary: This study aimed to report the current incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and compare changes in weight and head circumference between infants who developed BPD and those who did not. The study found that infants diagnosed with BPD had slower postnatal growth in weight and head circumference compared to those without BPD, possibly due to more aggressive nutrition strategies.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Claudia L. Cardoso, Ailbhe King, Aspinas Chapwanya, Giulia Esposito
Summary: The interactions between immunity, growth and puberty in calves play a crucial role in determining future performance. Adequate colostrum management and optimal maternal nutrition are key factors in successful calf rearing. Understanding these interactions can lead to the development of strategies to improve immune responses, growth, and timely puberty attainment in calves, ultimately enhancing cattle performance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yujung Michelle Lee, Andre Mu, Martina Wallace, Jivani M. Gengatharan, Annalee J. Furst, Lars Bode, Christian M. Metallo, Janelle S. Ayres
Summary: Maternal behavior is crucial for the optimal development and growth of offspring, while the intestinal microbiota plays a key role in regulating growth and development. Certain strains of Escherichia coli were found to be pathogenic to the maternal-offspring system, leading to growth stunting by interfering with maternal behavior rather than directly affecting the infants. This study provides new insights into how microbiota regulates postnatal growth and highlights an additional variable to consider when studying the regulation of maternal behavior.
Article
Pediatrics
Li Zhang, Nan-Nan Gao, Hui-Juan Liu, Qiong Wu, Ju Liu, Ting Zhang, Jin Sun, Jian-Hong Qi, Xiu-Yun Qiao, Yan Zhao, Yan Li
Summary: This retrospective cohort study in northern China formulated reference growth charts for a preterm cohort and found that the postnatal growth of these preterm infants was considerably higher than the internationally used IPPGS, especially for girls.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Zhengchao Dou, Joe Eun Son, Chi-chung Hui
Summary: The hypothalamus, a highly conserved brain region, plays a crucial role in regulating physiological processes like energy balance. Neurons in the arcuate nucleus sense peripheral signals and regulate food intake and energy expenditure. Postnatal neurogenesis in the mouse hypothalamus, particularly in the first two postnatal weeks, contributes to remodeling and energy balance regulation. Radial glia-like cells, including RGL-NSCs, play a key role in this neurogenesis process, with genetic factors such as Irx3 and Irx5 influencing their properties. Understanding these mechanisms provides insights into hypothalamic remodeling and energy balance control.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yacob Abraham Borie, Melese Siyoum, Aklile Tsega, Gemechu Anbese
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of maternal depression among antenatal care attendants at Wolayta Sodo Teaching and Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. The findings showed that maternal depression was associated with women's level of education, husband support, and substance usage during pregnancy.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
PingPing Xiang, Sara Ahmadi, Alexandra Coleman, William West, Isabel Lobon, Athanasios Bikas, Inigo Landa, Ellen Marqusee, Matthew Kim, Erik K. Alexander, Theodora Pappa
Summary: This study aimed to better define the diverse patterns of benign nodule behavior and their predictors. The researchers found that the natural history of benign nodule growth is diverse, with over 80% of nodules demonstrating minimal to no growth long-term. Approximately 20% of cytologically benign nodules may exhibit a fast, continued growth pattern, which can be predicted by the 3-year growth rate pattern.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takeo Kato, Tomoko Nishimura, Nagahide Takahashi, Taeko Harada, Akemi Okumura, Toshiki Iwabuchi, Yoko Nomura, Atsushi Senju, Kenji J. Tsuchiya, Nori Takei
Summary: This study examines the stability of neurodevelopmental progress from infancy to early childhood and the risk factors associated with the descending transition patterns. The results show that maternal pre-pregnancy overweight, low maternal educational history, and infant overweight status at 18 months are associated with decelerated growth in neurodevelopment. Children with descending transition patterns exhibit poorer adaptive behaviors at 40 months.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chan Lu, Wenhui Yang, Mengju Lan, Bin Li, Faming Wang
Summary: This study investigates the association between childhood pneumonia and prenatal and postnatal exposure to meteorological factors. It finds that early temperatures and wind speed are associated with childhood pneumonia, and the risk of pneumonia in the first month and first trimester increases with increasing meteorological factor exposure. Additionally, rainfall, air pressure, and sunshine are also linked to childhood pneumonia in different trimesters.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Letter
Anthropology
Tim J. Cole
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Charlotte Margaret Wright, Caroline Haig, Ulla Harjunmaa, Harshine Sivakanthan, Tim J. Cole
Summary: The study utilized routine data to investigate the impact of measurement error and short-term variation on infant weight and length gain. It found that changes in measurements over 8-week and 4-week intervals were more accurate in reflecting growth compared to changes over 2-week intervals.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Raphael Patcas, Heidi Keller, Goran Markic, Philipp Beit, Theodore Eliades, Tim J. Cole
Summary: This study applied the SITAR model to analyze mandibular growth data and found that it effectively summarized facial growth in puberty, providing detailed information on mandibular growth and its variance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Julia Suikkanen, Markku Nurhonen, Tim J. Cole, Marika Paalanne, Hanna-Maria Matinolli, Marjaana Tikanmaki, Marja Vaarasmaki, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Petteri Hovi, Eero Kajantie
Summary: The study found that pubertal growth and timing were similar in preterm and term participants, indicating that preterm children were not at increased risk for early puberty compared to term children.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Charlotte M. Wright, Tim J. Cole, Mary Fewtrell, Jane E. Williams, Simon Eaton, Jonathan C. Wells
Summary: This study found that younger children have lower levels of obesity, while older children with a higher BMI percentile have higher levels of fat mass. The current BMI percentile cutoffs overdiagnose obesity in younger groups.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Tim J. Cole, Tim Lobstein
Summary: This study developed an algorithm to harmonize overweight and obesity prevalence rates for children based on different reference standards. The algorithm explained 88% of the difference in prevalence rates and performed well in children aged 2-18.
Article
Anthropology
Sandra Aravind Areekal, Pranay Goel, Anuradha Khadilkar, Vaman Khadilkar, Tim J. Cole
Summary: This study aimed to compare height growth centiles and curves in Indian children. The results showed that SITAR explained a large portion of the height variance, while GAMLSS displayed the distribution of height in the population. The study concluded that these two approaches provide distinct and useful information about child growth.
ANNALS OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Aneurin Young, Tim J. Cole, Guo Cheng, Sarah Ennis, R. Mark Beattie, Mark John Johnson
Summary: This study compared weight gain in very preterm infants in England during two time periods and assessed factors influencing weight gain. The study found that weight gain was faster from birth to term equivalent age in the more recent time period and was associated with early initiation of parenteral nutrition and birth in a level 3 unit.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Tim J. Cole, Tim Lobstein
Summary: This study improved the algorithm for estimating the prevalence rates of child overweight and obesity based on different references. The revised algorithm performed better than the original, showing that it effectively harmonized prevalence rates.
Article
Pediatrics
Lai Ling Hui, Frederick K. Ho, Charlotte Margaret Wright, Tim J. Cole, Hugh Simon Lam, Han-Bing Deng, Hung-Kwan So, Patrick Ip, E. Anthony S. Nelson
Summary: Using the WHO head circumference standards would lead to the overdiagnosis of macrocephaly and the underdiagnosis of microcephaly, except for Indians and some Asian neonates. Population-specific cut-offs or references are more appropriate for many populations. Healthcare professionals need to be educated about the limitations of the WHO head circumference standards.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Laura Watson, Tim J. Cole, Greta Lyons, Christopher Georgiou, Jieniean Worsley, Katherine Carr, Peter Murgatroyd, Carla Moran, Krishna Chatterjee, Michelle Venables
Summary: This study presents centile charts for an index of resting energy expenditure adjusted for lean mass versus age, applicable to both children and adults. The results indicate substantial variability in the index at different ages, and demonstrate the clinical utility of this chart in assessing response to therapy in patients with endocrine disorders.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Xuelian Wang, Lai Ling Hui, Tim J. Cole, E. Anthony S. Nelson, Hugh Simon Lam
Summary: This study compared the fitness of the INTERGROWTH-21st birth weight standards (INTERGROWTH21) with a local reference (FOK2003) for ethnic Chinese babies. The results showed that INTERGROWTH21 performed less well, especially in infants born <33 weeks' gestation, compared to FOK2003 in predicting complications related to small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. A more robust chart based on a larger sample of appropriately selected infants is needed.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Natasha Lelijveld, Sioned Cox, Kenneth Anujuo, Abena S. Amoah, Charles Opondo, Tim J. Cole, Jonathan C. K. Wells, Debbie Thompson, Kimberley McKenzie, Mubarek Abera, Melkamu Berhane, Marko Kerac
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore patterns of post-malnutrition growth during and after treatment and its associations with survival and non-communicable disease risk. The study found that faster weight gain during and after treatment was associated with lower risk of death and better health indicators. However, faster weight gain was also associated with increased risk of non-communicable diseases.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Charlotte Margaret Wright, Simon Chapman, Tim J. Cole
Summary: Growth charts have been essential for monitoring children's health for 50 years, but their use is threatened by the rise of paperless electronic systems. This article discusses the challenges and options in transitioning to electronic charting systems, including local and commercial packages, as well as a new initiative by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sandra Aravind Areekal, Anuradha Khadilkar, Pranay Goel, Tim J. Cole
Summary: This study compared the growth curves of Indian children with Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and a control group of children without diabetes, and examined how parental height and disease severity affect the growth pattern. The results showed that children with T1DM had slower growth, delayed and extended pubertal growth spurt. Additionally, parental height, age at diabetes diagnosis, diabetes duration, and mean HbA1c level were significantly related to individual growth patterns.
PEDIATRIC DIABETES
(2023)